Regrowth of Yerba Mate Plants (Ilex paraguariensis A. St. - hill.) Submitted to Dynamized High-dilution Preparations

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Sérgio Domingues ◽  
Simone Silmara Werner ◽  
Mari Inês Carissimi Boff ◽  
Pedro Boff
Keyword(s):  
High Stress ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
Yerba Mate ◽  
Calendula Officinalis ◽  
High Dilution ◽  
Arnica Montana

Aims: Yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) provides leaves and branches as raw material for medicinal and infused / tea drinks, generate employment and income for small farmers and plays an important role in the conservation of the Atlantic Forest. Harvesting causes high stress as a result of drastic defoliation. High dilution preparations have been indicated for treatment of illnesses, also, they showed a positive effect on plant growth. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the vegetative recovery of yerba mate by using dynamized high-dilution preparations of Arnica montana, Calendula officinalis and Carbo vegetabilis at 12 and 30CH (centesimal hahnemannian), just after formation pruning. Place and Duration of Study: The experimental work was conducted in Fraiburgo, SC, Brazil, from July 2015 to August 2016 in agroforestry system. Study Design:  The statistical design was completely randomized with 22 replicates and 7 treatments. Each plant represented an experimental unit and the treatments were applied by spraying. Methodology: The evaluations started after the first thinning, when number of buds, height and length of regrowth were registered. At 399 days after the first cut, the second cut was performed, and after that, the harvested branches were weighed. Results: Fresh mass weight was higher in plants treated with Arnica montana 30CH (0.2212 kg/plant) and Calendula officinalis 30CH (0.2185 kg/plant) in comparison to Potable water (0.1136 kg/plant). Final plant height was 32 cm higher on plants treated with Calendula officinalis 30 CH. Carbo vegetabilis showed no effects on the regrowth of yerba mate. Conclusion: Therefore, Calendula officinalis 30CH has the potential for use in the recovery of yerba mate plants after harvesting their branches.

scholarly journals SOIL CHEMICAL ATTRIBUTES AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION OF YERBA MATE LEAVES

FLORESTA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Vaccari Toppel ◽  
Agenor Maccari Junior ◽  
Antônio Carlos Vargas Motta ◽  
Cleiton Frigo ◽  
Ederlan Magri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
Yerba Mate ◽  
Growing Environment ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
Mn Concentrations

Yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.) is a raw material used in making a beverage whose chemical composition can be altered by the growing environment and the management adopted during its cultivation. Thus, it is essential that scientific studies are undertaken to understand the chemical composition of yerba mate related to its growing environment. The aim of this work was to determine the elemental composition in the leaves of yerba mate from native cultivations that had never received fertilization and liming, from the Southern Region of the state of Paraná, Brazil. Soil and leaf samples were collected at 11 sites located in the municipalities of São Mateus do Sul, Mallet, São João do Triunfo, and Lapa. Leaf analyzes were performed in an Optical Emission Spectrometer with Inductively Coupled Plasma. The mean concentrations observed (mg kg-1), in decreasing order, were: Ca – 7880; K – 7310; Mn – 2418; - Mg – 820; P – 720; Al – 474; Fe – 231; B – 78; Zn – 62; Ba - 62; Cu – 8.9; Ni – 5.6; Cr – 0.82; V – 0.53; Co – 0.17. The Mn concentrations were directly correlated with Al3+ saturation and inversely correlated with base saturation, pH, and the available Ca2+, demonstrating that changes among these soil components can significantly modify the Mn concentrations in the yerba mate leaves. The high concentrations of Mn and Al in the leaves of yerba mate demonstrate the adaptation of this species to acidic soils with high saturation of Al3+.

scholarly journals Use of homeopathy Arnica montana for the issuance of the roots Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Lippia alba (Mill) N.E.Br.

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (23) ◽  
pp. 113-117
Author(s):  
Filipe Pereira Giardini Bonfim ◽  
Ernane Ronie Martins ◽  
Rosana Gonçalves Rodrigues Das Dores ◽  
Camila Karen Reis Barbosa ◽  
Vicente Wagner Dias Casali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Design ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Substrate Type ◽  
Arnica Montana ◽  
Lippia Alba ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Homeopathic Preparation ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis L

The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of homeopathic preparation Arnica montana in rooting of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and White Lippia (Lippia alba). The cuttings Rosmarinus officinalis and Lippia alba, collected from the medicinal garden at NCA / UFMG, were placed in trays to root with commercial substrate type "plantmax" and immediately after were subjected to daily applications of homeopathic preparations of Arnica montana in dilutions 3cH, 6cH, 9cH, 12cH, with 2 controls, distilled water and ethanol 70%. The statistical design was completely randomized (DIC), with 6 treatments and 4 repetitions, each experimental unit was formed by 10 stakes. After 45 days, were assessed the number of roots, the nummber of shoots, the length of the largest root, the percentage of rooted stakes and the quality of stakes. Arnica montana in dilutions 3cH, 6cH and 12cH stimulated all variables related to the issuance of roots in the species under study, which emphasizes the similarity between Arnica montana and the picture elicited by the physiological process of cutting, promoting an increase in the percentage and quality of the roots. Keywords: Homeopathy; rooting; cutting; Arnica Montana.   Uso do preparado homeopático Arnica montana na formação de raízes de Rosmarinus officinalis L. e Lippia alba (Mill)N.E.E.Br Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influéncia do preparado homeopático Arnica montana na formação de raízes de alecrim (Rosmarinus officinalis) e cidreira (Lippia alba). Mudas de Rosmarinus officinalis e Lippia alba, cultivadas no horto medicinal de NCA/UFMG foram colocadas para enraizar em bandejas contendo substrato comercial de tipo "plantamax" e imediatamente após, submetidas a aplicações diárias de preparados homeopáticos de Arnica montana nas diluições 3cH, 6cH, 9cH e 12cH, com dois controles, água destilada e etanol 70%. O desenho estatístico foi completamente randomizado (DIC), com 6 tratamentos e 4 repetições, cada unidade experimental esteve composta de 10 estacas. Depois de 45 dias, foram avaliados o número de raízes, o número de brotos, a longitude da raiz mais longa, porcentagem de estacas enraizadas e qualidade das estacas. Arnica montana nas diluições 3cH, 6cH e 12cH promoveu todas as variáveis relacionadas com a formação de raízes sob estudo, acentuando a semelhança entre Arnica montana e o quadro induzido pelo processo fisiológico do estacamento, promovendo aumento na porcentagem e qualidade das raízes. Palavras-chave: Homeopatia; enraizamento; corte; Arnica Montana.   Uso del preparado homeopático Arnica montana en la formación de raíces de Rosmarinus officinalis L. y Lippia alba (Mill) N.E.Br. Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la influencia del preparado homeopático Arnica montana en la formación de raíces de romero (Rosmarinus officnalis) y lippia blanca (Lippia alba). Mudas de Rosmarinus officinalis y Lippia alba, cultivados en la huerta medicinal de NCA/UFMG fueron colocadas para arraigar en bandejas conteniendo sustrato comercial de tipo "plantamax" e inmediatamente después fueron sometidas a aplicaciones diarias de preparados homeopáticos de Arnica montana en las diluciones 3cH, 6cH, 9cH y 12cH, con dos controles, agua destilada y etanol 70%. El diseño estatístico fue completamente randomizado (DIC), con 6 tratamientos y 4 repeticiones, cada unidad experimental compuesta por 10 estacas. Después de 45 días, fueron evaluados el número de raíces, número de brotes, longitud de la raíz más larga, porcentaje de estacas arraigadas y la calidad de las estacas. Arnica montana en las diluciones 3cH, 6cH y 12cH promovió todas las variables relacionadas a la formación de raíces en estudio, acentuando la similaridad entre Arnica montana y el cuadro inducido por el proceso fisiológico de estacamiento, promoviendo aumento del porcentaje y calidad de las raíces. Palabras-clave: Homeopatía; enraizamiento; corte; Árnica Montana.   Correspondence author: Filipe Pereira Giardini Bonfim, email: [email protected] How to cite this article: Bonfim FPG, Martins ER, Dores RGR, Barbosa CKR, Casali VWD, Honório ICG. Use of homeopathic Arnica montana for the issuance of roots of Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Lippia alba (Mill) N.E.Br. Int J High Dilution Res [online]. 2008 [cited YYYY Mmm DD]: 7(23); 113-117. Available from: http://journal.giri-society.org/index.php/ijhdr/article/view/276/348.  

scholarly journals Cutting propagation of ‘Cambona 4’ yerba mate clones

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. e3287
Author(s):  
Leonardo Mayer ◽  
Alexandre Augusto Nienow ◽  
Laura Tres
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Male Plant ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
Yerba Mate ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Cutting Propagation ◽  
Leaf Retention ◽  
Controlled Crosses ◽  
Rooting Capacity

The ‘Cambona 4’ yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St. Hil. - Aquifoliaceae) stands out for the high productivity and soft taste of the raw material obtained. The seedlings come from the controlled crosses of a female and a male plant. In order to guarantee the planting of even more uniform and productive herbs, the cutting is an alternative of propagation. The objective of this research was to evaluate the rooting capacity of apical and subapical cuttings of six ‘Cambona 4’ clones (C7, C8, C9, C10, C11 and C13) in two seasons, in january (summer/autumn) and april (autumn/winter) treated with 2.000 mg/kg of IBA in the form of talc. The cuttings were standardized with 10 cm, keeping a pair of leaves cut in half. The cutting was done in an agricultural greenhouse, with irrigation by intermittent nebulization, the cuttings were placed to rooting in plastic tubes containing carbonized rice husk. After 120 days, it was verified that the cutting season influenced the response of each clone, but for most clones rooting was higher when performed in summer/autumn, with better rates varying between 78.2% to 90.6% (C8, C9, C11 and C13), while in autumn/winter it was from 59.4% to 75.0% (C7, C10, C11 and C13). In the summer/autumn cutting period, subapical cuttings showed greater survival and rooting than the apical ones, but they didn’t differ when performed in autumn/winter. Leaf retention positively influenced the survival.

scholarly journals Methylxanthines in 100 Brazilian herbs and infusions: determination and consumption

2019 ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Adriana Dillenburg Meinhart ◽  
Fernanda M. Damin, Lucas Caldeirão, Helena T. Godoy
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
Yerba Mate ◽  
Tilia Cordata ◽  
Calendula Officinalis ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Green And Black Tea

The contents of caffeine, theophylline and theobromine were studied in 100 plants commercialized in Brazil to investigate new sources of these compounds, and evaluate the consumption of these compounds when these plants are used as infusions (teas). Therefore, two extraction methods were performed, one used an ethanol solution and one used an aqueous infusion process. The extracts were analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography. White, green, and black tea (Camellia sinensis) and yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) can be considered as potential sources of both caffeine and theobromine. Boldo (Peumus boldus) was a source of theobromine, and small-leaved lime (Tilia cordata), stonebreaker (Phylantus niruri), cow’s foot (Bauhinia forficata) and calendula (Calendula officinalis) presented the highest contents of theophylline. This study highlighted herbs not yet investigated for these compounds. The results obtained may be useful in future studies to evaluate the use of these plants as sources of methylxanthines in foods or drugs.

Vegetative propagation, chemical composition and antioxidant activity of yerba mate genotypes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Leandro Marcolino Vieira ◽  
Renata de Almeida Maggioni ◽  
Jéssica de Cássia Tomasi ◽  
Erik Nunes Gomes ◽  
Ivar Wendling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Vegetative Propagation ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Yerba Mate ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Leaf Retention ◽  
Correlated Components

Abstract Ilex paraguariensis, commonly known as yerba mate, is a tree species native to South America. Its commercial value is due to the manufacturing of teas, with potential also in the pharmacological and cosmetic industries. Vegetative propagation of yerba mate is considered an innovation to the traditional production systems based on sexual propagation. The present study aimed to evaluate the rhizogenic potential and chemical attributes of mini-cuttings from 15 yerba mate genotypes, as well as to verify the correlation between phytochemical and rooting-related variables. Mini-cuttings were collected from a pre-existing mini-clonal hedge and the experimental design was completely randomized, with 15 treatments (genotypes), four replications and 10 mini-cuttings per plot. After 120 days, mini-cuttings were assessed regarding rooting, mortality, callogenesis and leaf retention percentages, percentage of mini-cuttings with both calluses and roots, number of roots and average root length. At the time of collection, subsamples from each plot were used for phytochemical analyses including total phenolic compounds, protein, caffeine and theobromine contents and antioxidant activity. Rooting percentages ranged from 5 to 72.5%, with significant variation among genotypes. Adventitious rooting and phytochemical profile of yerba mate mini-cuttings are genotype-dependent. Leaf retention is a relevant factor in the rooting of yerba mate mini-cuttings and the levels of total phenolic compounds, antioxidants and theobromine present in mini-cuttings are negatively correlated components to Ilex paraguariensis adventitious rooting.

scholarly journals PERSISTÊNCIA NO SOLO DE INÓCULO DE Beauveria bassiana EMPREGADO PARA O CONTROLE DE Hedypathes betulinus EM PLANTIO DE Ilex paraguariensis

FLORESTA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Rolim Borges ◽  
Sônia Maria Noemberg Lazzari ◽  
Ida Chapaval Pimentel ◽  
Lívia Cardoso Bueno de Camargo ◽  
Lílian Mattos Kalinoski
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Yerba Mate ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Wood Borer

O controle da broca-da-erva-mate, Hedypathes betulinus, limita-se ao emprego de práticas silviculturais e catação manual dos insetos adultos, não sendo permitido o uso de inseticidas químicos na cultura. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivos verificar a presença natural de Beauveria bassiana no solo de plantio em monocultura de erva-mate, determinar a persistência de B. bassiana no solo após duas e três aplicações do fungo e averiguar a influência de fatores abióticos na estabilidade do fungo no solo. O estudo foi conduzido em um erval no município de Campo Alegre, Santa Catarina, Brasil, onde foram coletadas amostras de solo em duas áreas, para avaliação da presença natural de inóculos do fungo B. bassiana, procedendo-se à contagem, isolamento e identificação.Não foi detectada a ocorrência natural do fungo no solo em nenhuma das duas áreas. Após essa confirmação, foram realizadas pulverizações com B. bassiana em ambas as áreas, sendo que em uma ocorreram duas e na outra três aplicações. Após a última pulverização, realizada em fevereiro/2006, verificou-se que os inóculos do fungo persistiram por 90 dias na área com duas aplicações e 120 dias na área com três aplicações. A temperatura afetou a persistência do fungo no solo em ambas as áreas, mas a umidade relativa não mostrou influência sobre os inóculos em campo.Palavras-chave: Broca-da-erva-mate; controle biológico; epizootia; fungo entomopatogênico. AbstractPersistence in soil of inoculum of Beauveria bassiana used to control Hedypathes betulinus in yerba maté plantation, Ilex paraguariensis. Control measures of Hedypathes betulinus are restricted to agricultural practices and hand picking of adult insects. No chemical control is allowed in yerba maté cultivation areas. The objectives of this research were to verify the natural occurrence of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana in the soil of yerba maté in monoculture; to determine the persistence of inoculums in the soil after applications of the fungus; and to evaluate the influence of abiotic factors on fungus stability in the soil. The soil samples were taken from two experimental areas in a yerba maté plantation in the county of Campo Alegre, Santa Catarina, Brazil. The samples were analyzed in order to count, isolate and identify inoculums of B. bassiana and other fungi. After the confirmation that B. bassiana was not present in the soil, a suspension of the fungus was applied, twice in one of the areas and three times in the other. After the last application in February/2006, the inoculum persisted for 90 and 120 days, in the area with two and three applications, respectively. The temperature affected the persistence of B. bassiana in soil; however, the relative humidity did not.Keywords: Biological control; epizooty; entomopathogenic fungus; wood borer. 

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