scholarly journals Fruit and Seed Biometrics and Influence on Germination of Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. (Jackfruit)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Uilian do Nascimento Barbosa ◽  
Ana Lícia Patriota Feliciano Marangon ◽  
Isabelle Maria Jacqueline Meunier ◽  
Luiz Carlos Marangon ◽  
Anderson Oliveira De Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Artocarpus Heterophyllus ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Measured Length ◽  
Digital Caliper ◽  
Number Of Seeds

This work aimed to characterize the biometry of fruits and seeds of Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. and to verify its influence on germination. The fruits were collected from the matrices trees in the Jardim Botânico do Recife (JBR), Pernambuco. From 10 pathogen-free A. heterophyllus matrices, 50 fruits (multiple fruits, which in the research were considered as single fruit) and 500 seeds were collected, being measured length, width and thickness, using a tape measure (for fruits ) and digital caliper (precision 0.001 mm) for the seeds, as well as weighing on a precision scale. The seeds were classified by size: Small (≤ 2.5 cm), medium (2.6 to 3 cm) and large (≥ 3.1 cm). The germination test was conducted in a greenhouse of the JBR, with a 50% shading screen. The container used was a 50 x 25 x 5 cm polypropylene tray with holes at the bottom to provide drainage. The obtained results allow inferring that the seed size did not influence the vigor on A. heterophyllus germination in a greenhouse. The variation found in fruit size and number of seeds per fruit, as well as field observations regarding fruit and seed morphology, pulp flavor and consistency, allows us to infer that there is a possibility of several varieties of the species occurring in the studied site.

scholarly journals Seed and fruit size affect soaking and physiological seed quality in Campomanesia adamantium?

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Érica Fernandes Leão-Araújo ◽  
Eli Regina Barboza de Souza ◽  
Nei Peixoto ◽  
Wilhan Valasco dos Santos ◽  
Lílian Lúcia Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Confidence Bands ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Seedling Growth Rate ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Total Seed

Abstract: The size of fruits and seeds can affect the seed germination process and aspects related to the vigor of the seedlings formed. Our aim was to characterize fruit and seed biometrics, evaluate the effect of seed size on soaking and the effect of seed size and temperature on the germination and vigor of Campomanesia adamantium . The fruit was evaluated to determine longitudinal diameter, transverse diameter, fresh mass and empty, full and total seed quantities. The seeds were sorted into small, medium and large classes and then measured for length, width, thickness and mass. Seeds from each class were submitted to the germination test at 25 and 30 °C. The germination and vigor (first count, germination speed index, mean germination time and seedling length) data were evaluated by analysis of variance and a means test. Seeds from each size class were weighed repeatedly during soaking. The soaking data were fit to logistic and Peleg models and best fit curves with confidence bands were constructed to compare the effect of seed size. Fruit morphology showed high intraspecific variability. Germination was not affected by seed size or test temperature. Large seeds yielded taller seedlings while the 25 °C germination temperature produced the highest seedling growth rate. The small and medium seeds showed all three phases of the soaking process. Finally, soaking was initially slower for the large seeds than for the small and medium seeds.

scholarly journals DO SEEDS OF Anadenanthera macrocarpa AND Pityrocarpa moniliformis FORMED IN DIFFERENT LOCATIONS OF THE FRUIT HAVE SIMILAR PHYSIOLOGICAL QUALITY?

FLORESTA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1029
Author(s):  
Priscilla Karine Barros da Silva ◽  
Francival Cardoso Felix ◽  
Josenilda Aprígio Dantas de Medeiros ◽  
Fernando Dos Santos Araújo ◽  
Cibele Dos Santos Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Intermediate Region ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Measured Length ◽  
Final Composition ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Trees of the Fabaceae family can produce seeds with contrasting size and germinative performance depending on the region where they were formed in the fruit. Such differences reduce the physiological quality of the seed lot. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the physiological quality of seeds formed in different seminal nucleus of the fruits of Anadenanthera macrocarpa and Pityrocarpa moniliformis and their implications for the final composition of the seed lot. The biometric characterization of the fruits was performed with four quantitative descriptors (length, width, thickness, and number of seeds per fruit). Then, seeds formed in seminal nucleus of the proximal, intermediate, and distal regions of the fruit were measured (length, width, and thickness) and evaluated using germination and vigor tests (germination speed, length, and dry weight of seedlings). Seeds from these species have biometric differences depending on their origin in the fruit, in which those formed in the seminal nucleus of the intermediate region of the fruit are larger than the other ones. The origin of the seeds of A. macrocarpa and P. moniliformis formed in different seminal nucleus of the fruit do not show differences in physiological quality. Therefore, the sorting of seeds originated in different regions of the fruit does not benefit the final quality of the seed lots of these species.

scholarly journals The germination success of the cut seeds of Eugenia pyriformis depends on their size and origin

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Sakagawa Prataviera ◽  
Edmir Vicente Lamarca ◽  
Carmen Cinira Teixeira ◽  
Claudio José Barbedo
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Germination Success ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Seeds of Eugenia pyriformis may produce several seedlings after cutting. Both the type of cutting and the size of the seed can determine the success in obtaining new seedlings. The size of the seeds is dependent on both the number of seeds per fruit and the conditions in which seeds develop, as well as the biometric characteristics of these seeds obtained from different regions and seasons. The seeds from each origin were evaluated in length, width, thickness, water content and dry mass, as well as the average number of seeds per fruit. From one of the regions, seeds were grouped according to the number of seeds per fruit and also according to their size, and then cut into two and four parts, and then analyzed for the fragments germination. The results demonstrated the high capacity of these seed fragments to produce new seedlings, but the capability reduces with the reduction in seed size. This size depends not only on the number of seeds per fruit, but also on the region and the period of the seed production.

scholarly journals Seed Technology of Myrcianthes pungens (Berg) Legr: An Approach to Biometry and Germination

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Adriana Maria Griebeler ◽  
Maristela Machado Araujo ◽  
Daniele Guarienti Rorato ◽  
Felipe Turchetto ◽  
Luciane Almeri Tabaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Seed Technology ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Hard Seeds ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Digital Caliper ◽  
Seeds Germination

Myrcianthes pungens, native fruit with medicinal, ornamental and ecological potential, lacks information on biometry and technology for seed germination. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize the fruits and seeds of M. pungens, determining the appropriate substrate for laboratory tests, as well as to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of gibberellic acid (GA3) on the germination of the species. In the biometry, the mensuration of the fruits and seeds was made with the aid of a digital caliper. In the laboratory, three substrates (between filter paper, between vermiculite and between sand) were used, with five concentrations of GA3 (0; 125; 250; 375 and 500 mg L-1) and the tests were conducted in a germination chamber. The percentage of germination, hard seeds, germination speed index and seedling length root and shoot were evaluated. The average fruit length and width were 17.38 and 16.05 mm, respectively. The fruits presented one or two seeds with 8.10; 9.56 and 6.49 mm in length, width and thickness. The germination test is more efficient between fine sand, and vermiculite may also be used. The wetting of the substrate with gibberellin in the concentration of 125 to 274 mg L-1 optimizes the percentage and speed of germination.

scholarly journals Seed Size And Physiological Quality Of Three Cultivars Of Cotton

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-131
Author(s):  
Luiz Cesar Lopes Filho ◽  
Victor Alves Ribeiro ◽  
Walber Alves Ribeiro ◽  
Flávio Henrique Ferreira Gomes ◽  
Guilherme Goulart Furtado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Length Width ◽  
The City ◽  
Digital Caliper

Cotton is one of the most important crops, both in the national context and worldwide. Being that, its fiber, constitutes an important raw material for the textile industry. The process of improving cottonseeds, favoured cultivars with smaller seeds. The goal of this work was to evaluate three cultivars of cottonseeds with different sizes through vigour tests. The work was developed in the seeds laboratory and the post-harvest Laboratory of plant products of the Instituto Federal Goiano – Campus Rio Verde. Cottonseeds of 3 cultivars were used (FiberMax 913 GLT, FiberMax 910 and DeltaPine 1648 B2RF), obtained in the crop of 2014 in the city of Primavera do Leste, Mato Grosso. The experimental design was entirely randomized, with eight replications of 50 seeds. Determinations of moisture content and weight of a hundred seeds, germination test and germination velocity index, emergency test, and emergency speed index, electrical conductivity and accelerated aging were conducted. The dimensions of the size of the seeds (length, width and thickness) were also determined, with the aid of digital caliper, and the weight of the seeds, with the aid of a balance of precision of resolution 0, 001g. The data was subjected to analysis of variance and the averages compared to the Tukey test at 5% probability. There was no clear relationship between the size of the seed and its physiological performance in assessed cultivars/batches, making it necessary more studies that can prove that type of association.

Seed morphology and ultrastructure in Citrus garrawayi (Rutaceae) in relation to germinability

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim N. Hamilton ◽  
Sarah E. Ashmore ◽  
Rod A. Drew ◽  
Hugh W. Pritchard
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Outer Integument ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Embryonic Axis ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Immature Seeds

Combinational traits of seed size and seed-coat hardness in Citrus garrawayi (F.M.Bailey) (syn. of Microcitrus garrowayi) were investigated as markers for estimation of seed morphological and physiological maturity. Seed size (length) and coat hardness correlated well with changes in seed coat and embryo morphological development, dry-weight accumulation, decreases in moisture content and a significant increase in germinability. Seed moisture content decreased from 82 ± 1% in immature seeds to 40 ± 1% at seed maturation. The outer integument of immature seeds consisted of thin-walled epidermal fibres from which outgrowths of emerging protrusions were observed. In comparison, mature seed coats were characterised by the thickening of the cell walls of the epidermal fibres from which arose numerous protrusions covered by an extensive mucilage layer. Immature seeds, with incomplete embryo and seed-coat histodiffereniation, had a low mean germination percentage of 4 ± 4%. Premature seeds, with a differentiated embryonic axis, were capable of much higher levels of germination (51 ± 10%) before the attainment of mass maturity. Mature seeds, with the most well differentiated embryonic axis and maximum mean dry weight, had the significantly highest level of germination (88 ± 3%).

Jack pine cone quality and cache sizes of red squirrels in southern New Brunswick, Canada

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 332-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Setterington ◽  
Daniel M. Keppie
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Tamiasciurus Hudsonicus ◽  
Red Squirrels ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Total Seed ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Relationships between external cone characteristics (length, width, wet and dry mass), cone quality (total seed mass as a proportion of cone mass, total number of seeds per cone, total seed mass per cone), and number of cones in caches were evaluated for caches of jack pine (Pinus banksiana) cones belonging to red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) in two plantations in southern New Brunswick. Cone length and mass were good predictors of the total number of seeds per cone and total seed mass per cone. Length accounted for a small proportion of the variance of total seed mass as a proportion of cone mass. There was no relationship between the number of seeds or total seed mass per cone and the number of cones per cache.

Comparison of subchondral lesion size between clinical and non-clinical medial trochlear ridge talar osteochondritis dissecans in dogs

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (01) ◽  
pp. 08-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Van Ryssen ◽  
F. Coopman ◽  
H. van Bree ◽  
I. Gielen
Keyword(s):  
Osteochondritis Dissecans ◽  
Hind Limb ◽  
Lesion Size ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Bone Lesions ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Measured Length

SummaryIn this retrospective study of nine dogs exhibiting bilateral medial trochlear ridge talar osteochondritis dissecans (MTRT-OCD) and unilateral hind limb lameness, we compared subchondral lesion size in limbs with visible lameness, with contralateral lesions that were not associated with any visible lameness. All MTRT-OCD lesions were imaged by radiography and computed tomography (CT). The dimensions of subchondral bone lesions were measured (length, width and depth) using CT software. Similar to a method used in humans, the estimated volume (length x width x depth) and cross sectional area (length x width) were calculated and compared. We found that MTRT-OCD lesions causing visible lameness were significantly larger, and were associated with more joint thickening and degenerative joint disease than contralateral lesions that were not associated with any apparent lameness. As in the disease of shoulder osteochondritis dissecans, there is probably a correlation between the size of MTRT-OCD lesions and the symptoms of lameness.

scholarly journals Interaction between biological and chemistry fungicides and tomato pollinators

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 425-435
Author(s):  
Carlos De Melo e Silva-Neto ◽  
Anna Clara Chaves Ribeiro ◽  
Flaviana Lima Gomes ◽  
Jordana Guimarães Neves ◽  
Aniela Pilar Campos de Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Copper Hydroxide ◽  
Tomato Crop ◽  
Bite Marks ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The use of agrochemicals is harmful to bees visiting agricultural crops, reducing production gains from pollination, but the effect of fungicides on these bees is not known. The objective of this study was to verify the effect of bee visitation influenced by different fungicides on the tomato crop and on the deposition of pollen grains on the stigma, number of seeds, mass and fruit size. The experiment was conducted with 10 treatments: (T1) control treatment, without application of agrochemicals; (T2 and T3) Bacillus subtilis in different application frequencies; (T4) copper hydroxide; (T5) B. subtilis and copper hydroxide; (T6) acibenzolar-S-methyl; (T7) (trifloxystrobin+tebuconazole) and B. subtilis; (T8) copper hydroxide+Mancozeb; (T9) propineb+(trifloxystrobin+ tebuconazole); (T10) (trifloxystrobin+tebuconazole)+B. subtilis+copper hydroxide. The presence of the pollination mark on the flower, the pollen load of the stigmas, the number of seeds per fruit, and the size and mass of the fruits were determined in each treatment. Subsequently, the mortality rate of Melipona quadrifasciata (Hymenoptera, Apidae) exposed to four fungicides (trifloxystrobin+tebuconazole; manganese and zinc; copper hydroxide; Bacillus subtilis) was estimated. The mortality rate of M. quadrifasciata over 24 h of evaluation was higher in the treatments with copper hydroxide and trifloxystrobin+tebuconazole (75 and 50%, respectively). The mortality rate was lower in the treatments with manganese and zinc and Bacillus subtilis and in the control treatment. The treatments with trifloxystrobin+tebuconazole reduced the presence of bite marks on the flowers and of pollen grains on the flower stigma. The fruits of the control treatments and treatments with B. subtilis and copper hydroxide were larger and had greater mass, as compared to other agrochemicals. Thus, a higher number of pesticide applications on the tomatoes reduced bee visitation rates to the flowers and, consequently, reduced the amount of pollen grains deposited on the stigmas, also reducing the fruit production. 

scholarly journals Seed Morphology in the Vitaceae Based on Geometric Models

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 739 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Javier Martín-Gómez ◽  
Diego Gutiérrez del Pozo ◽  
Mariano Ucchesu ◽  
Gianluigi Bacchetta ◽  
Félix Cabello Sáenz de Santamaría ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Drop ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Artificial Vision ◽  
Geometric Models ◽  
Complementary Method ◽  
Geometric Figures ◽  
Circularity Index ◽  
Morphometric Methods ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Length Width

Morphometric methods based on artificial vision algorithms provide measurements for magnitudes descriptive of seed images (i.e., the length, width, area, and surface circularity index). Nevertheless, their results frequently omit the resemblance of the images to geometric figures that may be used as models. A complementary method based on the comparison of seed images with geometric models is applied to seeds of Vitis spp. The J index gives the percentage of similarity between a seed image and the model. Seven new geometric models are described based on the heart-shaped and piriform curves. Seeds of different species, subspecies and cultivars of Vitis adjust to different models. Models 1 and 3, the heart curve and the water drop, adjust better to seeds of V. amurensis, V. labrusca and V. rupestris than to V. vinifera. Model 6, the Fibonacci’s pear, adjusts well to seeds of V. vinifera, in general, and better to V. vinifera ssp. vinifera than to V. vinifera ssp. sylvestris. Seed morphology in species of Cissus and Parthenocissus, two relatives of Vitis in the Vitaceae, is also analysed. Geometric models are a tool for the description and identification of species and lower taxonomic levels complementing the results of morphometric analysis.

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