scholarly journals Electron Trembling as a Result of Its Stationary Motion in an Extra Space along Helical Line of the Compton Radius with the Speed of Light (“Zitterbewegung’’ in Multidimensional Space)

Author(s):  
Igor A. Urusovskii

Because there is additional space in which the observed three-dimensional Universe expands, it is believed that elementary particles move at the speed of light in full space in a vicinity of a hyper-surface of three-dimensional sphere that is our Universe. Any interpretation of a spin and isotopic spin of electron requires at least three additional spatial dimensions. As applied to six-dimensional space, the simplest interpretation of the Heisenberg’s uncertainties relation, de Broglie waves, Klein-Gordon equation, electron proper magnetic moment, CPT-symmetry, spin, and isotopic spin is consistent with the results of the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics. Taking into account the movement of elementary particle (at the speed of light) along a helical line of Compton radius, when the axis of the helix is placed on that hyper-surface, we find a trajectory of the particle.

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Zhang

<p>Today, with urban function system increasingly complicated, there exist problems which are seriously hindering urban sustainable development in most cities such as traffic jams, constructive destruction, building space separation with traffic space, poor urban space resource utilization and so on. So the article makes a number of integration methods of urban building space and transportation space from the perspective of urban morphology integration. It tries to integrate urban environment with techniques of multidimensional space interludes, cascading, infiltration between building space and traffic space in three-dimensional space coordinates, to achieve the objectives   of proper division, solving traffic congestion problems and the establishment of a new dynamic three-dimensional transport system.</p>


2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Hong Zhang

<p>Today, with urban function system increasingly complicated, there exist problems which are seriously hindering urban sustainable development in most cities such as traffic jams, constructive destruction, building space separation with traffic space, poor urban space resource utilization and so on. So the article makes a number of integration methods of urban building space and transportation space from the perspective of urban morphology integration. It tries to integrate urban environment with techniques of multidimensional space interludes, cascading, infiltration between building space and traffic space in three-dimensional space coordinates, to achieve the objectives   of proper division, solving traffic congestion problems and the establishment of a new dynamic three-dimensional transport system.</p>


1973 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Boyd

Packings by unequal spheres in three dimensional space have interested many authors. This is to some extent due to the practical applications of such investigations to engineering and physical problems (see, for example, [16; 17; 31]). There are a few general results known concerning complete packings by spheres in N-dimensional Euclidean space, due mainly to Larman [20; 21]. For osculatory packings, although there is a great deal of specific knowledge about the two-dimensional situation, the results for higher dimensions, such as [4], rely on general methods which do not give particularly precise information.


Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 2622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawen Yu ◽  
Shunping Ji

Recently proposed spherical convolutional neural networks (SCNNs) have shown advantages over conventional planar CNNs on classifying spherical images. However, two factors hamper their application in an objection detection task. First, a convolution in S2 (a two-dimensional sphere in three-dimensional space) or SO(3) (three-dimensional special orthogonal group) space results in the loss of an object’s location. Second, overlarge bandwidth is required to preserve a small object’s information on a sphere because the S2/SO(3) convolution must be performed on the whole sphere, instead of a local image patch. In this study, we propose a novel grid-based spherical CNN (G-SCNN) for detecting objects from spherical images. According to input bandwidth, a sphere image is transformed to a conformal grid map to be the input of the S2/SO3 convolution, and an object’s bounding box is scaled to cover an adequate area of the grid map. This solves the second problem. For the first problem, we utilize a planar region proposal network (RPN) with a data augmentation strategy that increases rotation invariance. We have also created a dataset including 600 street view panoramic images captured from a vehicle-borne panoramic camera. The dataset contains 5636 objects of interest annotated with class and bounding box and is named as WHU (Wuhan University) panoramic dataset. Results on the dataset proved our grid-based method is extremely better than the original SCNN in detecting objects from spherical images, and it outperformed several mainstream object detection networks, such as Faster R-CNN and SSD.


2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Соколова ◽  
L. Sokolova

Reviewed and shown the ability to embed concepts of the multidimensional space in modern curricula for geometric preparation for an undergraduate degree. Multidimensional geometry allows the actual material to abandon the introduction in consideration of the evidence of mathematical calculations and formulas, and use it to achieve the final results. Given that historically multidimensional geometry was based on a compilation of material three-dimensional geometry, today you can go from the General to the particular, that is, to approach three-dimensional space as a visual component. You can raise the question about how the proposed curriculum organically combine Многомерная геометрия в наглядном изложении позволяет при изучении фактического материала отказаться от введения в рассмотрение доказательств математических выкладок и формул и использовать ее достижения в виде окончательных результатов. Учитывая, что исторически многомерная геометрия строилась на основе обобщения материалов трех- мерной геометрии, сегодня можно пойти по пути от общего к частному, т.е. подойти к рассмотрению трех- мерного пространства как наглядной составляющей, позволяющей увидеть одно-, двух-, трехмерный объект из общего ряда многомерного пространства [1; 3–6]. Таким образом, вопрос можно поставить о том, как в рамках предлагаемой учебной программы ор- ганически соединить наглядную многомерную гео- метрию с теми разделами геометрии, которые тра- диционно представляют теоретический интерес при геометрической подготовке конструкторских кадров во втузах, причем в условиях использования совре- менных компьютерных средств. Отметим, что в такой постановке вопроса предлагаемая учебная програм- ма отвечает требованиям современного инноваци- онного образования. Далее будет рассмотрено, как с позиций нового подхода могут быть изложены некоторые традици- онные для геометрии разделы на конкретных при- мерах. Любая из рассматриваемых тем может быть пред- ставлена как практическая работа при лабораторных занятиях на компьютере, что позволит наглядно закрепить изучаемый материал. Прежде всего геометрический объект будем рас- сматривать как совокупность геометрического тела и его поверхности (рис. 1) и изучать по 3D-моделям, построенным в модельном пространстве компьютера. Напомним, что одной из основных характеристик пространства является его размерность n. Пространство, в котором введены декартовы координаты (х1, …, xn), называется n-мерным декартовым пространством и обозначается Rn. Если в содержащем (вмещающем) пространстве Rn содержатся, например, два линейных подпро- visual multidimensional geometry with those parts of geometry, which traditionally are of theoretical interest in geometric training design staff in higher technical educational institutions, especially in terms of using modern computer tools. Considered the intersection of geometric objects in the plane in three-dimensional, four-dimensional and five-dimensional space. Presents the construction of intersection of the line with the surface of a three-dimensional object in three-dimensional Prospace and four-dimensional space. The concept of multidimensional space contains a large scientific potential required for geometric preparation of future designersky frames. Graduates will not only gain professional competence, but also be able to participate in solving various applied for cottages in neighboring disciplines.


2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (05) ◽  
pp. 2050015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelmadjid Maireche

The Klein–Gordon equation with equal scalar and vector potentials [Formula: see text] describing the dynamics of a three-dimensional under the modified Coulomb plus inverse-square potential is considered, in the symmetries of noncommutative quantum mechanics (NCQM), using Bopp’s shift method. The new energy of [Formula: see text]th excited state [Formula: see text] is obtained as a function of the shift energy [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is obtained via first-order perturbation theory in the three-dimensional noncommutative real space (NC: 3D-RS) symmetries instead of solving modified Klein–Gordon equation (MKGE) with the Weyl–Moyal star product. It is found that the perturbative solutions of discrete spectrum depended by the Gamma function, the discreet atomic quantum numbers [Formula: see text] and the potential parameters (A and B), in addition to noncommutativity parameters ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]), which are induced with the effect of (space–space) noncommutativity properties.


Author(s):  
Fabiana Botelho Kneubil

In this work, it is shown the interplay of relative and absolute entities, which are present in both spatial geometry and special relativity. In order to strengthen the understanding of special relativity, we discuss firstly an instance of geometry and the existence of both frame-dependent and frame-independent entities. We depart from a subject well known by students, which is the three-dimensional geometric space in order to compare, afterwards, with the treatment of four-dimensional space in the special relativity. The differences and similarities between these two subjects are also presented in a explicit way, with the goal of improving the comprehension of newcomers on the theory of relativity.


2017 ◽  
Vol 269 ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Vitaliy S. Borovik ◽  
Vitaliy V. Borovik ◽  
Dmitry A. Skorobogatchenko

It was achieved a visual representation of information about the crystallization process in the multidimensional space, which creates prerequisites for the development of software systems to solve a wide class of problems. With the geometric interpretation Minkowski space-time, quasi-Lorentz and Einstein's concept concerning the concept of giving time physical sense, simulated the process of formation of crystals in the four-dimensional space. The 4D model space combines the physical three-dimensional space of the factors affecting the formation of crystals, and time. Visualization of the crystallization process in spacetime plays an important role, as having great cognitive and probative value, and contributes to a better understanding of crystallization processes, creates conditions to control the properties of materials in the process of crystallization.


Author(s):  
Elena Lesnova ◽  
Denis Voloshinov

In descriptive geometry, the problem of finding a surface curve section with a plane is common. One such surface curve is a quadric. Due to the increased demand for tasks related to quadric, the synthetic modeling method becomes relevant. In recent years, geometric constructions of dimensions of more than three began to be studied more and more often. Multidimensional geometric shapes in multidimensional space are typically constructed using geometric modeling software. However, without additional building automation tools, software does not sufficiently facilitate human labor. The larger the dimension of the constructions, the more cumbersome and time consuming the drawing process becomes. The increasing complexity of constructions requires automation of constructions that can be traditimatized. Geometric constructions made using automation tools make us rethink the process of structural geometric modeling in descriptive geometry. Within the framework of the article, the algorithm for crossing the N-dimensional hyperquadric with N-1-dimensional hyperspace is presented. Special cases of this geometric construction are also considered: intersection of a three- dimensional quadric with a plane and intersection of a four-dimensional hyperquadric with a three-dimensional space. The implementation of the developed algorithm is carried out using the Simplex system and the built-in interpreter of the prolog logical programming language.


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