HAIRY ROOT CULTURE OF AN IMPORTANT MEDICINAL PLANT: COLEUS FORSKOHLII

Smoke-water (SW) and biologically active compound butenolide (KAR1) isolated from smoke show stimulating effects on the plant growth of agricultural and horticultural crops, while little has been known on their effects on the secondary metabolism of medicinal plants. Hairy root culture of Salvia miltiorrhiza, an important medicinal plant, was treated with SW and butenolide. The results showed that the contents of salvianolic acid (SAB) and rosmarinic acid (RA) were enhanced with the treatments of SW and KAR1. The expressions of genes (PAL, C4H, 4CL, TAT and HPPR) involved in phenolic acids biosynthesis were upregulated by treatments of SW and KAR1. Responses of C4H and 4CL to SW and KAR1 treatment were later than PAL, TAT and HPPR. It suggests that SW and KAR1have the potential to be used as elicitor to increase the accumulation of secondary metabolites in S. miltiorrhiza hairy root.

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Application of Hairy Root Culture for Bioactive Compounds Production in Medicinal Plants

Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology ◽

10.2174/1389201021666200516155146 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Caili Li ◽

Meizhen Wang

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Medicinal Plant ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Hairy Root ◽

Root Culture ◽

Hairy Root Culture ◽

Ecological Problems ◽

Herbal Plants ◽

Natural Drugs

: Medicinal plants are rich sources of natural bioactive compounds used to treat many diseases. With the development of the health industry, the market demands for Chinese medicine have increased rapidly in recent years. However, over-utilization of herbal plants would cause serious ecological problems. Therefore, an effective approach should be developed to produce the pharmaceutically important natural drugs. Hairy root culture induced by Agrobacterium rhizogenes has been considered to be an effective tool to produce secondary metabolites that are normally biosynthesized in the roots or even in the aerial organs of mature plants. This review aims to summarize current progress on medicinal plant hairy root culture for bioactive compounds production. It presents the stimulating effects of various biotic and abiotic elicitors on the accumulation of secondary metabolites. Synergetic effects on the production of natural products by a combination of different elicitors or other strategies are also included. The transgenic system has promising prospects to increase bioactive compounds content by introducing their biosynthetic or regulatory genes into medicinal plant hairy root. It offers great potential to further increase secondary metabolites yield by the integration of manipulating pathway genes with elicitors and other strategies. Besides, successful examples of bioactive compounds production by hairy root culture in bioreactor are introduced. At last, advances on two valuable pharmaceuticals production in the hairy root cultures are illustrated in detail.

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Advances and Perspectives in Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering of Cannabis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22115671 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (11) ◽

pp. 5671

Author(s):

Mohsen Hesami ◽

Austin Baiton ◽

Milad Alizadeh ◽

Marco Pepe ◽

Davoud Torkamaneh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Regeneration ◽

Genetic Engineering ◽

Suspension Culture ◽

Secondary Metabolite ◽

Hairy Root ◽

Root Culture ◽

Hairy Root Culture ◽

Gene Transformation ◽

Secondary Metabolite Production ◽

Metabolite Production

For a long time, Cannabis sativa has been used for therapeutic and industrial purposes. Due to its increasing demand in medicine, recreation, and industry, there is a dire need to apply new biotechnological tools to introduce new genotypes with desirable traits and enhanced secondary metabolite production. Micropropagation, conservation, cell suspension culture, hairy root culture, polyploidy manipulation, and Agrobacterium-mediated gene transformation have been studied and used in cannabis. However, some obstacles such as the low rate of transgenic plant regeneration and low efficiency of secondary metabolite production in hairy root culture and cell suspension culture have restricted the application of these approaches in cannabis. In the current review, in vitro culture and genetic engineering methods in cannabis along with other promising techniques such as morphogenic genes, new computational approaches, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), CRISPR/Cas9-equipped Agrobacterium-mediated genome editing, and hairy root culture, that can help improve gene transformation and plant regeneration, as well as enhance secondary metabolite production, have been highlighted and discussed.

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A reliable and efficient protocol for induction of hairy roots in Agastache foeniculum

Biologia ◽

10.2478/s11756-014-0382-8 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 69 (7) ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Elnaz Nourozi ◽

Bahman Hosseini ◽

Abbas Hassani

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Agrobacterium Rhizogenes ◽

Hairy Root ◽

Hairy Roots ◽

High Performance ◽

Root Culture ◽

Hairy Root Culture ◽

Biochemical Properties ◽

Separate Experiment ◽

Transformed Roots

AbstractHairy root culture system is a valuable tool to study the characteristics of gene expression, gene function, root biology, biochemical properties and biosynthesis pathways of secondary metabolites. In the present study, hairy roots were established in Anise hyssop (Agastache foeniculum) via Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Three strains of Agrobacterium rhizogenes (A4, A7 and 9435), were used for induction of hairy roots in four various explants (hypocotyl, cotyledon, one-month-old leaf and five-month-old leaf) of Anise hyssop. The highest frequency of transformation was achieved using A4 strain in one-month-old leaves (51.1%). The transgenic states of hairy root lines were confirmed by PCR (Polymerase chain reaction) method. High performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed that the production of rosmarinic acid (RA) in transformed roots of A. foeniculum was almost 4-fold higher than that of the non-transformed roots. In a separate experiment, hairy roots obtained from one-month-old leaves inoculated with A4 strain, were grown in liquid medium and the effects of different concentrations of salicylic acid (0.0, 0.01, 0.1 and 1 mM) and chitosan (0, 50, 100 and 150 mg L−1) (as elicitor) and sucrose (20, 30, 40 and 50 g L−1) on the growth of hairy roots were evaluated. The results showed that, 30 g L−1 sucrose and 100 mg L−1 chitosan increased the biomass of hairy root cultures and application of salicylic acid reduced the growth of hairy roots compared with control roots.

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