scholarly journals Use of the World Health Organization’s Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use Guidance in sub-Saharan African Countries: A Cross-Sectional Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 506-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa J Chen ◽  
Mary E Gaffield ◽  
James Kiarie
Keyword(s):  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Magnitude of infertility and associated factors among women attending selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mekdes Akalewold ◽  
Getachew W. Yohannes ◽  
Ziyad Ahmed Abdo ◽  
Yonas Hailu ◽  
Aynye Negesse
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Introduction The World Health Organization estimated that approximately 48 million couples and 186 million people are infertile worldwide. Although the problem of infertility is increasing worldwide, as well as in Ethiopia, there are limited studies done. Therefore, this study aims to determine the magnitude of infertility and the major risk factors in three governmental hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Method An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was used to conduct the study. The participants were selected by using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected through an interview using a structured questionnaire. The data were entered into Epi Data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Logistic regression was used to identify the predictor variables. Statistical significance was considered at a P < 0.05 with an adjusted odds ratio calculated at 95% CI. Result The overall prevalence of infertility was 27.6% (95%CI = 23.2, 32.0). Of these, 14.4% had primary infertility, and 13.2% had secondary infertility. Those whose duration of marriage was less than 60 months [AOR = 3.85; 95%CI 1.39, 10.64], had a history of fallopian tube obstructions [AOR = 8.27; 95%CI 2.36, 28.91], had irregular frequency of coitus [AOR = 37.4; 95%CI 11.29, 124.114], had more than one sex partner [AOR = 3.51; 95%CI 1.64, 7.54], had an abortion greater than 3 times [AOR = 6.89; 95%CI 1.28, 37.09], and had partners who currently consumed alcohol [AOR = 1.31; 95%CI 1.11, 1.86] were more likely to be infertile than their counterparts. Conclusion According to the results of this study, the prevalence of infertility was high compared to the global estimate of the World Health Organization. The government, health care providers, and researchers should emphasize developing appropriate strategies, research, education, and awareness creation of infertility and its potential causes.

Tobacco use and its Socioeconomic Impact among Adult Males in Rural Area of Bareilly: A Cross-sectional Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-105
Author(s):  
Abhinav Agarwal ◽  
Deeepak Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Socioeconomic Factor ◽  
Socioeconomic Impact ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World

ABSTRACT Introduction Tobacco use is one of the important preventable causes of death and a leading public health problem all over the world. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), tobacco is the second major cause of death worldwide and is currently responsible for about 5 million deaths each year. This figure is expected to rise to about 8.4 million by the year 2020, with 70% of deaths occurring in developing countries. Objectives • To study the prevalence of tobacco use • To assess the socioeconomic factor of tobacco use Materials and methods A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out in rural field practicing area of Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital (RMCH), Bareilly. Multistage sampling design was used and 400 males, aged above 15 years, were randomly selected belonging to the field practice area of RMCH. The data were recorded in predesigned and semistructured questionnaire. Results In the study prevalence of tobacco use, “current user” was 183 (45.75%) and past user was 19 (4.75%); thus, the overall prevalence of tobacco use was 202 (50.50%). Among the tobacco user, maximum participants belong to age group 15 to 24 years. The data were analyzed by applying chi-square test. How to cite this article Agarwal A, Khan S, Joshi HS, Upadhyay D. Tobacco use and its Socioeconomic Impact among Adult Males in Rural Area of Bareilly: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2016;1(3):103-105.

scholarly journals Anxiety among Pregnant Women about Corona Virus Infections during COVID-19 Pandemic at a Tertiary Care Center in Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (234) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipty Shrestha ◽  
Rachana Saha ◽  
Naresh Manandhar ◽  
Asmita Adhikari ◽  
Jyoti Dahal
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Physical Interaction ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The World ◽  
Severe Anxiety

Introduction: COVID-19 is a beta coronavirus that is transmitted by physical interaction or close contact. This Coronavirus Pandemic has also created stress and anxiety among pregnant women all over the world. The disease was first identified in Wuhan city, China, in late December 2019 and was declared pandemic by the World Health Organization on 11th March 2020. Concern and stress in pregnancy are associated with pre-eclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, preterm labour, depression etc. Pregnancy is an immune-compromised state and poses a high risk to this risk. This study aims to identify anxiety about the coronavirus infection among pregnant women visiting a tertiary care centre in Kathmandu, Nepal, during this COVID–19 pandemic. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital from 15th July 2020 to 30th July 2020 after taking the ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Committee of Kathmandu Medical College. Convenient sampling method was used. All the data were entered in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences data 20.0 and analyzed. Data was presented in frequencies, charts and percentage. Results: Among the total 273 cases, only 2 (0.73%) case had a score between 25-30 corresponding to moderate to severe anxiety, 21 (7.69%) had a score between 18-24, which corresponds to mild to moderate anxiety and 250 (91.57%) had score 0-17 which corresponds mild status. Conclusions: Most of the participants in the study reported a mild status of anxiety. Very few participants reported moderate to severe anxiety.

scholarly journals Does the spirituality of nurses interfere in the record of spiritual suffering diagnosis?

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Ienne ◽  
Rosa Aurea Quintella Fernandes ◽  
Ana Claudia Puggina
Keyword(s):  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Beliefs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Life Instrument ◽  
The World ◽  
Spiritual Suffering

Abstract Objectives: To assess the spirituality of nurses and relate it to personal characteristics, sector of activity, and spiritual practices; to analyze the influence of spirituality of nurses in the record of a "spiritual suffering" diagnosis. Methods: Quantitative cross-sectional study, using the World Health Organization's Quality of Life Instrument-Spirituality, Religion and Personal Beliefs Module (WHOQOL-SRPB). Results: 132 nurses were included and most of them were women (81.8%), married (56.8%), with an average age of 34 years (± 6.8). Most nurses believe in God or in a superior force (99.2%) and have never recorded a "spiritual suffering" diagnosis (78.8%). There was no association of spirituality with the sector of activity; the variable "marital status" was significant in six out of the eight factors of spirituality, and the variable "willingness to talk about spirituality" was significant in seven out of the eight factors. Conclusion: The spirituality of nurses does not interfere with the recording of a "spiritual suffering" diagnosis.

scholarly journals Assessment of physical impairments in leprosy patients: a comparison between the world health organization (who) disability grade and the Eye-Hand-Foot Score

2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Túlio Raposo ◽  
Ana Virgínia de Queiroz Caminha ◽  
Jorg Heukelbach ◽  
Miguel Ángel Sánchez-González ◽  
Jovany Luis Alves de Medeiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Multidrug Therapy ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Impairments ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
The World ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Health Organization

This cross-sectional study assessed the grade of physical impairments in 61 individuals with leprosy receiving multidrug therapy (MDT) under the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), and residing in Campina Grande, Paraíba State, Brazil. Impairments were assessed using the disability grade (DG) standardized by the WHO, and the EHF score (Eye-Hand-Foot sum of impairment scores). Impairments were detected in 25 (41%) of the subjects. A total of 14 (23%) patients scored DG 1, while 11 (18%) were assigned DG 2. The EHF score ranged from 1 to 10 points in the group of patients with physical impairments, with a mean score of 3.6 points. The majority of individuals with impairments were affected in at least two sites. We conclude that the EHF score showed overlapping impairments in the segments examined and may be more appropriate than the DG classification system for describing the degree of physical impairment of leprosy patients.

scholarly journals Hunger in Latin America: What Can We Do?

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (s1) ◽  
pp. s94-s94
Author(s):  
Silvana Dal Ponte ◽  
Daniel Menezes
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
The World ◽  
The Caribbean

Introduction:Hunger is a global problem and has increased in recent years. In Latin America, hunger continues in high numbers. Although the level of hunger is relatively low compared to other regions, this increase in Latin America is mainly explained by the economic slowdown in South America. Also, climate changes are already weakening the production of the main crops in tropical and temperate regions.Aim:Report the numbers of hunger in Latin America.Methods:A cross-sectional study with reports of the World Health Organization’s hunger figures, September 2018.Results:The number of hungry people in the world has increased for the third consecutive year and affects 821 million people, according to a report released by UN agencies. This corresponds to one in nine people in the world. In Brazil, the figures indicate that more than 5.2 million people spent a day or more without consuming food by 2017, which corresponds to 2.5% of the population. In Latin America and the Caribbean, hunger has also increased and affects some 39 million people.Discussion:Hunger is a catastrophic problem in Latin America. Involving professionals in food and nutrition to try to reduce these numbers appears to be a good strategy because just as the doctor treats the disease, the involvement of other specialists to address the cause of the problem can bring long-term benefits. A social project for this purpose that mobilizes chefs and nutritionists is in progress in Brazil.

scholarly journals Washing Hands according to the WHO Guideline since the COVID-19 Outbreak in the Context of Medical Undergraduates at a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (232) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuska Khadka ◽  
Saurav Dani
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World ◽  
Medical Undergraduates ◽  
Awareness Programs

Introduction: Hand washing is an important preventive measure to avoid transmission of Coronavirus Disease of 2019. Medical students should be acquainted with the World Health Organization’s hand-washing guidelines and should follow them to break the chain of spread of the virus. This study aims to find the acquaintance of medical undergraduates with the guidelines and to find out if they have started implementing these guidelines since the corona-virus outbreak. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted among MBBS, BSc, and PCL nursing students in their first year to the internship of a tertiary care hospital from May 2020 to August 2020, and ethical clearance was received from the Institutional Review Committee (ref no: IRC-LMC 11-D/020) of Lumbini Medical College and Teaching Hospital. Data collection was done through online questionnaires. Data analysis of the obtained information was done in Microsoft-excel. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: Of 462 respondents, 265 (57.4%) (52.9-61.9 at 95% Confidence Interval) respondents followed the World Health Organization hand-washing guidelines during every hand wash. Among them 172 (37.2%) participants had learned the guidelines through awareness programs. The majority of respondents belonged to 20-25 age groups, 275 (59.5%), and the majority were pursuing an MBBS degree, 360 (77.9%). Conclusions: We conclude that a notable number of medical undergraduates have been acquainted with standard hand-washing guidelines since the corona-virus outbreak, but some of them still do not follow the guidelines practically. Therefore, effective and impactful awareness programs need to be launched to improve hand hygiene practices.

scholarly journals Estudio Descriptivo: Cumplimiento del estándar de estimación de la edad gestacional en la atención prenatal en un hospital general en Ecuador

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-94
Author(s):  
Gleici DaSilva Castro Perdoná ◽  
José Gonzalo Carrión Ordoñez ◽  
María Elisa Carrión Barreto
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World ◽  
Menstrual History ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Hospital General

BACKGROUND: Gestational dating is an important requirement for decision-making during pregnancy; the World Health Organization recommends making the first ultrasound before week 24. Gestational age can also be estimated based on menstrual history. The aim of this study was to describe the rate of compliance of the standards for estimating gestational age in a general hospital in Machala, Ecuador. METHODS: This is an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study; the universe was the total of pregnant women who attended for prenatal care to Hospital General Machala, El Oro- Ecuador, between April 2017 and March 2020. The entire universe was studied. We collected data for the variables: age, parity, last menstrual period( LMP), menstrual age, early ultrasound, reliable gestational dating. RESULTS: 47.9% of the sample was 18 to 29 years old. 83.33% (195/234) patients complied with the weeks of amenorrhea registry. 75.21% (176/234) of patients complied with the recommendation of an early ultrasound, at 24 weeks or less. 1.28% did not have any method of gestational dating. 64% (n=149) of the sample underwent the first ultrasound until week 20. Of 140 patients who complied with having both gestational dating by reliable LMP and ultrasound, in 31/140 (22.1%) the gestational age given by LMP could not be confirmed with early ultrasound. CONCLUSION: We concluded that gestational dating obtained by weeks of amenorrhea was registered n 83.33% of the patients, this rate qualifies as regular compliance. An early ultrasound was performed, at ≤ 24 weeks, as recommended by WHO, in 75% of the patients, this rate qualifies as poor compliance.

Were our hospitals prepared to face the COVID-19 epidemic?

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 151-156
Author(s):  
Roohangiz Norouzinia, PhD ◽  
Sima Feizolahzadeh, PhD ◽  
Fatemeh Rahimi, BScN, MScN ◽  
Maryam Aghabarary, PhD ◽  
Zahra Tayebi Myaneh, MSc
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Contagious Diseases ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Hospital Readiness

Background: The rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a major challenge for hospitals, which plays a key role in local and national responses to different emergencies and disasters, including the outbreak of communicable diseases.Objectives: This study aimed to determine the readiness of selected hospitals in one of the provinces of Iran in response to the COVID-19 epidemic.Methods: In this descriptive, analytical, and cross-sectional study, we used a checklist developed by the World Health Organization for the COVID-19 pandemic to assess the readiness of hospitals. We assessed and compared the readiness of four hospitals and used Microsoft Excel 2013® to collect and analyze the data.Results: The present results showed that the hospital, which was the main referral center for COVID-19, was in good conditions. However, other hospitals needed to increase their preparedness for the COVID-19 epidemic.Conclusion: Besides the importance of hospital readiness to respond to natural and man-made disasters, these institutions and health policymakers should be also prepared to respond properly to the outbreak of highly contagious diseases.

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