The Relationship between Firm Management and the Ethical Practices of the Firm

The Servant Leader Model is a theory that advances administration, supports trust, coordinates effort, future-arranges and utilizes moral capacity to engage others, focusing on good ethical practices. This study inspects the faculty of public and private universities in Peshawar for elements of servant leader behavior (wisdom, emotional healing and persuasive mapping) and effect on performance. Drawing on information from 95 teaching faculty members from different universities, we discovered help for the immediate impact of the all elements of servant leader behavior administration on universities performance. The findings add to servant leadership practices, in like manner to values-based administration, which conceivably may include novel literature regarding the relationship between servant leadership and performance of universities teachers. Implications form the last part of the paper.

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CODE OF CONDUCT AND PROCUREMENT MANAGEMENT IN SELECTED PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS: EVIDENCE IN KENYA

EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR) ◽

10.36713/epra8671 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 197-201

Author(s):

Joyce Cheruto Rotich ◽

Dr. Pauline Keitany ◽

Dr. Hellen W. Sang

Keyword(s):

Secondary Schools ◽

Internal Control ◽

Codes Of Conduct ◽

Code Of Conduct ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Target Population ◽

Procurement Management ◽

Ethical Practices ◽

Social Challenges ◽

The Relationship

Economic and social challenges have obliged many organizations to re-evaluate their manner and approach in maintaining sustainable relationships with their customers. It has been witnessed in most successful organizations that implementation of ethical practices in procurement has ensured customers get the best services. The paper’s objective is to establish the relationship between codes of conduct and procurement management. The study was guided by virtue ethical theory. Correlation research design was used with a target population of 1100 tendering committee in 220 public secondary schools. A sample size was 294 respondents was selected using stratified random sampling technique. Questionnaires were used to collect data. Descriptive and inferential methods were utilized for data analysis and presentation. The findings indicated that code of conduct had significant effect on procurement management (P=0.000<0.05). The study recommended that the schools should continuously review of procurement staff from breach of code of conduct to reduce fraud and corruption. Therefore, there is need to tighten internal control systems in detecting procurement corruption and fraud to ensure integrity in the process. The study suggested further study to be done in internal control system and procurement management. KEYWORDS: Code of Conduct, Procurement Management, Correlation Design, Kenya

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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PROFESSIONAL AND UNIVERSAL ETHICS OF ENGINEERS

Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews ◽

10.18510/hssr.2018.6215 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 121-126

Author(s):

Zawiah Mat ◽

Nooraini Sulaiman ◽

Sazelin Arif ◽

Safiah Sidek ◽

Norain Ismail ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Methods ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

P Value ◽

Engineering Profession ◽

Ethical Practices ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Pearson Correlation Analysis ◽

Governing Institutions ◽

The Relationship ◽

Very High

Purpose: The aim of this study is to identify the relationship between professional and universal ethics of engineers. Methodology:This study used quantitative methods to distribute the questionnaire by using random sampling to get data from 248 respondents of engineers from government and private sectors in Melaka. Respondents were required to valuate agreement to statement about work ethics that used a five-point Likert scale. Meanwhile, the scales used for measuring correlation were given as 0.000-0.2000 “negligible”, 0.201-0.400 “low”, 0.401-0.600, “moderate”, 0.601-0.800 “high”, and 0.801-1.000 “very high”. The Pearson correlation analysis was used to obtain these correlation results. In this research, we analysed the data collected using SPSS Ver.22 to identify the relationship between professional and universal ethics of engineers in Melaka. Main Findings:The findings showed that all variables of professional of engineers correlated significantly with universal ethics. The significant level (p-value) was found to be less than 0.05, the study findings indicate a significant relationship between independent variables and dependent variable. Results obtained in this study confirmed that there were significant positive relationships between all variables that could influence professional and universal ethics. Implications:This study contributes towards the improvement of Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM’S) existing policy. Based on the study’s findings, the policy implication of this study includes: responsible bodies such as the governing institutions of engineers need to ensure that ethical practices are made as the main core in their profession by increasing knowledge and awareness about ethical practices in the engineering profession. Originality:This study only focus on the relationship between professional and universal ethics of engineers and the results will be useful towards the improvement of Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM’S) existing policy.

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Ethical Principles and Procurement Management in Selected Public Secondary Schools in Kericho County, Kenya.

East African Journal of Business and Economics ◽

10.37284/eajbe.3.1.298 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 57-64

Author(s):

Joyce Cheruto Rotich ◽

Pauline Keitany ◽

Hellen W Sang

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

Secondary Schools ◽

Internal Control ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Target Population ◽

Ethical Principles ◽

Procurement Management ◽

Ethical Practices ◽

Procurement System ◽

The Relationship

Ethical practices are norms that are accepted and should be adopted in institutions to ensure a flawless procurement management process. The procurement system varies depending on the organisation in a major way due to the fact that most projects are donor-funded, thus creating inconsistency in public schools. This study aimed to determine the relationship between ethical principles and procurement management in selected public secondary schools in Kericho County. The study was guided by the following theories deontological theory and virtue ethical theory. The study adopted a correlation research design. The target population used 220 public secondary schools, which comprised of 1100 tendering committees. The study used stratified and simple random sampling techniques to sample the school. The sample size was 294 respondents, which were derived using Yamane’s formula. Questionnaires were used for data collection. It is hoped that the findings of the study may benefit school management, scholars, policymakers, and other stakeholders. Descriptive and inferential methods were utilised for data analysis and presentation. ANOVA results indicated that ethical principles had a significant relationship with procurement management (p < 0.05). Ethical principles should be adhered to since it has improved procurement management significantly. Therefore, there is a need to tighten internal control systems in detecting procurement corruption and fraud to ensure integrity in the process.

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Corporate ethics, governance and social responsibility in MENA countries

Management Decision ◽

10.1108/md-03-2017-0287 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 56 (1) ◽

pp. 273-291 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Walid ElGammal ◽

Abdul-Nasser El-Kassar ◽

Leila Canaan Messarra

Keyword(s):

Social Responsibility ◽

Emerging Economies ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Corporate Ethics ◽

Ethical Practices ◽

Content Type ◽

Mena Countries ◽

Mediating Role ◽

The Relationship

Purpose Studies show that corporate governance (CG) and corporate social responsibility (CSR) are driven by ethical practices. The relationships between corporate ethics, CG and CSR have been heavily studied indicating significant associations. The purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating role of CG on the relationship between ethics and CSR. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected through questionnaires from small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries. The results were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Findings The results indicate that ethical practices have positive impact on CG, and in turn CG has a positive impact on CSR. The results also reveal a mediating effect of CG on the relationship between ethics and CSR. Research limitations/implications The sample selected is based on two countries in the MENA region, Egypt and Lebanon. Only SMEs are considered. Practical implications The innovative capabilities of SMEs in developing and emerging economies could be enhanced through corporate ethical practices which guide management for more CSR engagement through good CG. Originality/value The study contributes to corporate ethics, CG and CSR literature by providing evidence from a significant region, with both developing and emerging economies, on the mediating role of CG on the relationship between ethics and CSR.

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Assessing organizational ethics and career satisfaction through career commitment

South Asian Journal of Global Business Research ◽

10.1108/sajgbr-02-2015-0017 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 104-124 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Avinash D. Pathardikar ◽

Sangeeta Sahu ◽

Neeraj Kumar Jaiswal

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation ◽

Career Satisfaction ◽

Organizational Ethics ◽

Career Commitment ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Outcome Variable ◽

Work Commitment ◽

Ethical Practices ◽

Content Type ◽

The Relationship

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between an employee’s beliefs about organizational ethics, career commitment (CC), affective commitment (AC) and career satisfaction (CS). The model expands the earlier work commitment models with CS as the outcome variable. Design/methodology/approach – Subjects were drawn from a 2014 survey of frontline and middle level executives from the insurance sector in India using a structured questionnaire from six Indian insurance companies, 252 were analyzed with structural equation modeling. Findings – The results indicate that executive perceptions about organizational ethics are important for both commitment and satisfaction. Ethical practices at work have a positive outcome on CC, AC and CS. The role of career commitment as a mediator in the relationship between ethics, AC and CS is evident. Research limitations/implications – It is a cross-section study restricted to a single group with similar demographic characteristics. Hence, generalizability of the findings need further research among different groups. Common method variance is addressed using Harman single factor test. Practical/implications – By working out ethical practices in the organization and developing a culture with clarity in business policies and financial constraints to stakeholders, the organizations can win employee commitment and satisfaction. Originality/value – The theoretical contribution of this paper lies in its inclusive approach encompassing the ethical belief of individual with commitment and CS. It differs from earlier studies that have shown the influence of protestant work ethic on commitment. It highlights the similarities and differences between several work commitment models developed in a western context, and the model that we have developed in the Indian context.

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Social and ethical practices and firm value: the moderating effect of green innovation: evidence from international ESG data

International Journal of Ethics and Systems ◽

10.1108/ijoes-12-2020-0203 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Salim Chouaibi ◽

Jamel Chouaibi

Keyword(s):

Firm Value ◽

Small Sample ◽

Moderating Effect ◽

Market Valuation ◽

Green Innovation ◽

Data Set ◽

Ethical Practices ◽

Content Type ◽

Dynamic Dimension ◽

The Relationship

Purpose This study aims to examine the potential effect of integrating social and ethical practices into strategy on the market valuation of environmental, social and governance (ESG) businesses using the moderating effect of green innovation. Design/methodology/approach The sample used consisted of 523 international firms listed on the ESG index and headquartered in North America and Western Europe, forming an unbalanced panel of 7,845 observations spanning the period 2005–2019. The authors run a fixed-effects panel regression model using the Thomson Reuters ASSET4 to test the relationship between societal and ethical practices and the stock market value creation. Similarly, as an extension of the research, this paper exploits two robustness analyzes. The authors tested the dynamic dimension of the data set through the generalized moment method and the effect of the legal system. Findings Evidence reveals a significant positive relationship between societal and ethical practices and businesses’ market valuation. The empirical results indicate that societal and ethical strengths increase firm value with the moderating effect of green innovation and weaknesses reduce it. The results found with the dynamic dimension of the data set indicate the existence of continuity between firm values over time. Research limitations/implications Given the long study period, many firms with missing data were eliminated. To avoid the small sample size, countries with few observations were included, which led to an uneven distribution between observations per country. Practical implications Findings from this paper can help ESG firms to consider their future growth opportunities in a context where the approach of business ethics occupies a central position in business valuation. Originality/value This study is the only study that provides ESG companies with seven different nationalities with evidence for the effect of social and ethical practices regarding market valuation. This paper is also relevant as it addresses the relationship between social effectiveness and financial efficiency, as well as the dynamic effect of this relationship.

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Exploring the Moderating Role of Social and Ethical Practices in the Relationship between Environmental Disclosure and Financial Performance: Evidence from ESG Companies

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su14010209 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 209

Author(s):

Salim Chouaibi ◽

Matteo Rossi ◽

Dario Siggia ◽

Jamel Chouaibi

Keyword(s):

Panel Data ◽

Financial Performance ◽

Moderating Effect ◽

Environmental Disclosure ◽

Ethical Practices ◽

The North ◽

Thomson Reuters ◽

The Relationship ◽

Moderating Role

Environmental disclosure is the latest novelty in the corporate reporting field. In fact, it is a tool that can better represent the capacity of companies in creating financial performance over time. Therefore, this paper analyzes whether environmental disclosure (ED) practiced by firms listed on the ESG index affects their financial performance (FP) using the moderating effect of social and ethical practices. The analysis includes a linear regression using panel data from Thomson Reuters and Bloomberg databases. Panel data were collected from a sample of 523 companies listed on the North American and West European stock exchanges. The obtained results show a positive and significant relationship between environmental disclosure (ED) and financial performance (FP). This implies that a strong environmental disclosure increases financial performance while a weak one decreases it. Furthermore, the study suggests a moderating effect of social and ethical practices in the link between environmental disclosure and the firm’s financial performance. In fact, these findings provide interesting insights for academic practitioners and regulators who are interested in discovering environmental disclosure, firm’s performance, and social and ethical practices. These findings also provide insights to stakeholders and regulators on the crucial need to integrate more social and environmental regulations to promote sustainability. Moreover, this paper fills the gaps existing in previous studies that ignore the moderating role of social and ethical practices in the relationship between environmental disclosure and financial performance.

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Regulatory Bodies Perceived Retailing Ethics

Journal of Supply Chain Management Systems ◽

10.21863/jscms/2015.4.4.019 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Bodh Raj Sharma

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Ethical Behavior ◽

Ethical Practices ◽

Data Summarization ◽

Retail Business ◽

Indian City ◽

Regulatory Bodies ◽

The Mean ◽

The Relationship ◽

Ethical Virtues

The paper aims to explore empirically the perceptions of regulatory bodies about the ethical behavior of retailers. In the modern competitive and globalized business unfair ethical practices as highlighted by media are common. In this context need arises to examine the ethical behavior of retailer as well. In fact, the retailers are expected to follow the ethical virtues in their dealings with all the stakeholders in retail business. This initiates an investigation of perceptions of regulatory bodies about the extent to which retailers are being ethical in their conduct. The study is based upon the data obtained from regulatory bodies of a northern Indian city with a specific designed schedule. The exploratory factor analysis was carried out for data summarization along with ANOVA to extract the mean difference in the perceptions of various regulatory bodies. The retailers are respectful but the hide some facts about retail business. They often criticize their competitors with regulatory bodies officials and corruption also prevails to some extent in the relationship between retailers and regulatory bodies.

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The influence of a board’s ethical commitment on corporate governance in enhancing a company’s corporate performance

Journal of Financial Crime ◽

10.1108/jfc-04-2018-0035 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 496-518 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ahmad Saiful Azlin Puteh Salin ◽

Zubaidah Ismail ◽

Malcolm Smith ◽

Anuar Nawawi

Keyword(s):

Corporate Governance ◽

Best Practices ◽

Corporate Performance ◽

Governance Mechanism ◽

Performance Measurements ◽

Theoretical Understanding ◽

Ethical Practices ◽

Content Type ◽

Ethical Commitment ◽

The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between corporate governance and company performance and how a board’s ethical commitment can influence this relationship. Prior studies documented mixed evidence on the corporate governance and corporate performance relationship, which can be due to the influence of a board’s ethical commitment and will shape the corporate governance mechanism in the company and, in turn, influence performance. Design/methodology/approach This study collected data for two years, i.e. 2013 and 2014, from the biggest 500 Malaysian companies listed in the stock exchange. Corporate governance is measured based on the requirements of the Malaysian Code of Corporate Governance (MCCG), while a board’s ethical commitment is measured based on the MCCG and various international best practices. Corporate performance is measured based on return on equity, return on assets, net profit margin, market-to-book value and TobinQ. Findings A board’s ethical commitment was found to be significant in increasing the strength of the relationship between corporate governance and corporate performance. The findings are robust to the alternative performance measurements and lagged one-year corporate performance. Research limitations/implications This paper provides further evidence on the importance of ethical practices to improve corporate environment and, hence, sustain a company’s performance. This study, however, was conducted on only large companies with a limited data collection period. Practical implications This study provides an indicator that the policymaker and regulatory authorities need to double their efforts in promoting and encouraging a board of directors to take a bold step in improving its ethical culture. Shareholders and investors need to use their power and rights to demand the company to improve their governance and ethical practices. Originality/value This study is original, as it measures a board’s ethical commitment from various sources of local and international best practices such as Malaysia, Australia, Canada, Norway, South Korea, Singapore, Sweden, Turkey, the UK and the USA. It also contributes to the literature and theoretical understanding of the interaction between a board’s ethical commitment and corporate governance on corporate performance, particularly in developing countries like Malaysia, which is scarce in the literature.

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