Almost all countries in the world intervene in social problems depending on their own social structure and management systems. They also aim to offer rapid and effective social work policies and practices for women, children, elders, young, and disabled people. To do so, governments need to execute social work practices through local managements along with central management. The 1980s were a beginning of a new period for the management of public services. Specifically, localization and globalization directly affected the view that not only central management, but also local managements need to be strengthened. In 1984, Turkey enforced metropolitan municipalities law and formed another stage of management in mega cities. During the 1990s, social work practices implemented in mage cities like Istanbul, Ankara, and Konya were like a sample study for many other municipalities within the country. Thus, soon after the juridical reforms beginning in the early 2000s, municipalities took over remarkable responsibilities in local social work practices.
The Relationship between Culture and Cult: An Orthodox Context
