The Anaesthetic Technique of Choice among Pregnant Women fo r Caesarean Section in a Tertiary Health Centre

Introduction: Syphilis is one of several diseases that can be transmitted during pregnancy and childbirth, which can lead to complications during pregnancy and in the newborn. This is especially so when the pregnant woman is not diagnosed or treated properly and in a timely manner. Methodology: Data from 262 pregnant women prospectively included, aged 18-41years, attended at the Ponta Gêa Health Centre for antenatal clinics has been analyzed from January to September of 2016. In the prospective study, a rapid treponemal and a non-treponemal test were performed. A structured questionnaire was used to collect socio demographic and clinical variables, which was developed from the literature review. Results: The prevalence of active syphilis was 11.8%; the majority of reactive pregnant women were aged 18-25years (55.4%), (61.3%) of pregnant women were treated with doses below those recommended; only a small number of the partners were treated successfully. The highest seroprevalence of syphilis was found in housewives (77%), in those who attended primary education (71.6%) in those who had a monthly income of 1000- 3000 MZN (70.3%), in those with two or more pregnancies (55.7%) and living with someone has husband and wife (63.5%). The syphilis/HIV co-infection rate was high. Conclusion: According to the results obtained in this study, urgent measures are needed to assess the problems encountered and to improve the screening approach, treatment and monitoring of syphilis during pregnancy in order to prevent the cases of congenital syphilis.

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The presence of lupus nephritis additionally increases the risk of preeclampsia among pregnant women with systemic lupus erythematosus

Lupus ◽

10.1177/09612033211004716 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 096120332110047

Author(s):

Katarina Bremme ◽

Sonja Honkanen ◽

Iva Gunnarsson ◽

Roza Chaireti

Keyword(s):

Caesarean Section ◽

Lupus Nephritis ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Premature Birth ◽

Renal Involvement ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Obstetric Outcomes ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Renal Lupus

Introduction Pregnant women with systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have an increased risk of obstetric complications, such as preeclampsia and premature births. Previous studies have suggested that renal involvement could further increase the risk for adverse obstetric outcomes. Aims: The aim of this study was to compare the obstetric outcomes in a Swedish cohort of patients with SLE with and without lupus nephritis (LN). Patients and methods The study was conducted as a retrospective observational study on 103 women with SLE, who gave birth at the Karolinska University Hospital between the years 2000-2017. Thirty-five women had previous or active LN and 68 women had non-renal lupus. Data was collected from digital medical records. The outcomes that were analysed included infants born small for gestational age (SGA), premature birth, preeclampsia, SLE- or nephritis flare and caesarean section. Results Women with LN, both with previous and with renal flare during pregnancy suffered from pre-eclampsia more often compared to women with non-renal lupus (25.7% vs 2.9%, p = 0.001) and this complication was associated with premature birth (p = 0.021) and caesarean section (p = 0.035). Conclusions Lupus nephritis is a significant risk factor for adverse obstetric outcomes in women with SLE, including preeclampsia. Those patients could benefit from more frequent antenatal controls and more vigorous follow-up.

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Changes over time in HIV testing and counselling uptake and associated factors among youth in Zambia: a cross-sectional analysis of demographic and health surveys from 2007 to 2018

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10472-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Aimé Bitakuya Heri ◽

Francesca L. Cavallaro ◽

Nurilign Ahmed ◽

Maurice Mubuyaeta Musheke ◽

Mitsuaki Matsui

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Hiv Testing ◽

Health Surveys ◽

Health Centre ◽

Demographic And Health Surveys ◽

Common Source ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Government Health ◽

Hiv Testing And Counselling ◽

Testing Uptake

Abstract Introduction Zambia is among the countries with the highest HIV burden and where youth remain disproportionally affected. Access to HIV testing and counselling (HTC) is a crucial step to ensure the reduction of HIV transmission. This study examines the changes that occurred between 2007 and 2018 in access to HTC, inequities in testing uptake, and determinants of HTC uptake among youth. Methods We carried out repeated cross-sectional analyses using three Zambian Demographic and Health Surveys (2007, 2013–14, and 2018). We calculated the percentage of women and men ages 15–24 years old who were tested for HIV in the last 12 months. We analysed inequity in HTC coverage using indicators of absolute inequality. We performed bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to identify predictors of HTC uptake in the last 12 months. Results HIV testing uptake increased between 2007 and 2018, from 45 to 92% among pregnant women, 10 to 58% among non-pregnant women, and from 10 to 49% among men. By 2018 roughly 60% of youth tested in the past 12 months used a government health centre. Mobile clinics were the second most common source reaching up to 32% among adolescent boys by 2018. Multivariate analysis conducted among men and non-pregnant women showed higher odds of testing among 20–24 year-olds than adolescents (aOR = 1.55 [95%CI:1.30–1.84], among men; and aOR = 1.74 [1.40–2.15] among women). Among men, being circumcised (aOR = 1.57 [1.32–1.88]) and in a union (aOR = 2.44 [1.83–3.25]) were associated with increased odds of testing. For women greater odds of testing were associated with higher levels of education (aOR = 6.97 [2.82–17.19]). Education-based inequity was considerably widened among women than men by 2018. Conclusion HTC uptake among Zambian youth improved considerably by 2018 and reached 65 and 49% tested in the last 12 months for women and men, respectively. However, achieving the goal of 95% envisioned by 2020 will require sustaining the success gained through government health centres, and scaling up the community-led approaches that have proven acceptable and effective in reaching young men and adolescent girls who are less easy to reach through the government facilities.

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CLINICAL AND SUBCLINICAL CHARACTERICTIS AND PREGNANCY OUTCOME OF FETAL MACROSOMIA AT OBSTETRIC DEPARTMENT AT HUE UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY HOSPITAL

Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy ◽

10.34071/jmp.2020.5.11 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 78-84

Author(s):

Giang Truong Thi Linh ◽

Quang Mai Van

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Caesarean Section ◽

Cesarean Section ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Vaginal Birth ◽

Fetal Macrosomia ◽

Major Influence ◽

Maternal Complications ◽

Perineal Tear ◽

History Of

Background: Fetal macrosomia has a major influence on maternal, neonatal and pregnancy outcomes.Objective: To describe the clinical and subclinical features and the management of fetal macrosomia on pregnancy outcomes. Subjects and methods: Study subjects including pregnant women and babies born ≥ 3500 g with nulliparous and over 4000 grams with primiparous or multiparous at Departement of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital. The time of choosing subjects to enter the research group is that after birth, the weight is above 3500/4000 grams, then follow up the pregnancy result and retrospect the clinical and subclinical characteristics. Results: From May 2019 to April 2020, there were 223 pregnant women with the birth weight ≥ 3500 g in this study. The mean neonatal weight for macrosomia was 3869.96 ± 315.72 (g). The birth weight ≥ 4000 g, the rate of cesarean section was 91.5%, vaginal birth was 8.5%. The birth weight 3500 - under 4000 g, the rate of cesarean section was 76%, vaginal birth was 24%. 1.1% maternal complications was perineal tear. Conclusion:Factors related to fetal macrosomia: Maternal age, gender of fetus, parity, a history of fetal macrosomia, maternal height, pregnancy weight gain. Caesarean section is the majority. Key words: Fetal macrosomia, gestational diabetes mellitus, normal labor, caesarean section.

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On demand caesarean section: What’s women’s attitude?

Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology ◽

10.3126/njog.v2i2.1448 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 12-15

Author(s):

Nira S Shrestha ◽

Sumita Pradhan

Keyword(s):

Caesarean Section ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Vaginal Delivery ◽

Caesarean Delivery ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

University Teaching ◽

Normal Vaginal Delivery ◽

On Demand ◽

Assisted Delivery ◽

The Right

Objectives: To evaluate the knowledge and attitude of Nepalese women towards mode of delivery and caesarean on demand. Study design: Hospital based cross sectional descriptive study where 200 pregnant women after 37 completed weeks of gestation were recruited randomly and interviewed, and their answers were analyzed. Results: Of the 200 interviewed pregnant women, all of them knew about normal vaginal delivery and caesarean delivery, but only 30% knew about instrumentally assisted delivery and 9% had heard about painless labour. Vaginal delivery was the preferred mode in 93% and 7% preferred caesarean delivery. Only 35% of the interviewed women believed that women should have the right to demand a caesarean section Conclusion: Knowledge assessment of two hundred women regarding the mode of delivery clearly indicates the need for strengthening counseling aspect of antenatal care and awareness program regarding mode of delivery. In Nepal on demand caesarean section is not provided in the University Teaching Hospital. However one third of women still felt that women should have the right to choose caesarean section on demand. Key words: Attitude, mode of delivery, Caesarean on demand. doi:10.3126/njog.v2i2.1448 N. J. Obstet. Gynaecol 2007 Nov-Dec; 2 (2): 12 - 15

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