Epidemiological Characterization of the Infection by Treponema Pallidum in Pregnant Women in Beira City, Sofala, Mozambique

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nchowela Guido
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Congenital Syphilis ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Epidemiological Characterization ◽  
Active Syphilis ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Introduction: Syphilis is one of several diseases that can be transmitted during pregnancy and childbirth, which can lead to complications during pregnancy and in the newborn. This is especially so when the pregnant woman is not diagnosed or treated properly and in a timely manner. Methodology: Data from 262 pregnant women prospectively included, aged 18-41years, attended at the Ponta Gêa Health Centre for antenatal clinics has been analyzed from January to September of 2016. In the prospective study, a rapid treponemal and a non-treponemal test were performed. A structured questionnaire was used to collect socio demographic and clinical variables, which was developed from the literature review. Results: The prevalence of active syphilis was 11.8%; the majority of reactive pregnant women were aged 18-25years (55.4%), (61.3%) of pregnant women were treated with doses below those recommended; only a small number of the partners were treated successfully. The highest seroprevalence of syphilis was found in housewives (77%), in those who attended primary education (71.6%) in those who had a monthly income of 1000- 3000 MZN (70.3%), in those with two or more pregnancies (55.7%) and living with someone has husband and wife (63.5%). The syphilis/HIV co-infection rate was high. Conclusion: According to the results obtained in this study, urgent measures are needed to assess the problems encountered and to improve the screening approach, treatment and monitoring of syphilis during pregnancy in order to prevent the cases of congenital syphilis.

scholarly journals Epidemiological characterization of cases of Congenital Syphilis in northern Brazil, from 2014 to 2019

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-31
Author(s):  
Carolina Gomes Almeida ◽  
Gabriel Pereira Ávila ◽  
Isabelly Montenegro Teixeira ◽  
Raíza Júlia Viana Rodrigues ◽  
Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Syphilis ◽  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Early Form ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Epidemiological Characterization

Syphilis is a disease caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum, acquired, in large part, by sexual transmission. Congenital syphilis is a contagious disease of vertical transmission (from mother to fetus). This study aimed to present the number of reported cases of congenital syphilis in northern Brazil, between 2014 and 2019, and to characterize the epidemiological profile of the cases. Descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective research was carried out using DATASUS database. There was an increase in the number of cases in the period evaluated, especially the State of Amazonas, which presented the highest number of notifications. Regarding prenatal care, an average of four times more women perform than those who did not. Women with maternal school grade from the 5th to 8th incomplete elementary school had a higher number of cases of the disease. Although the northern region had a high prenatal performance, most cases of congenital syphilis were diagnosed only after delivery, indicating erroneous interpretations regarding the tests and consequent error in diagnosis and treatment. Since the early form (emergence until the 2nd year of life) is the majority of the number of cases, there is a favorable evolution of the disease.Schooling and income seem to be factors that influence the late diagnosis of the disease. There is a need for increased treated partners, reducing the transmission of syphilis and, consequently, congenital syphilis.

scholarly journals Congenital syphilis in the Municipality of Imperatriz, Maranhão State: Epidemiological characterization of a decade

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 609-618
Author(s):  
Kecya Patricia Costa Macedo ◽  
Matheus Costa Silva ◽  
Jéssica Larissa Sousa Vaz ◽  
Soliane Cristina Rodrigues Costa ◽  
Roseane Mara Cardoso Lima Verde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Previous Investigation ◽  
Congenital Syphilis ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Maternal Complications ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Neurological Sequelae ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Epidemiological Characterization

Congenital syphilis, caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum, is one of most prevalent diseases in Brazil. The diagnosis is made through treponemal and non-treponemal tests during prenatal care, in which reagent results are necessary to initiate treatment in order to avoid fetal contamination, miscarriage, prematurity, neurological sequelae, among other fetal and maternal complications. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of congenital syphilis to describe the epidemiological profile based on cases reported in the Municipality of Imperatriz, Maranhão State, Brazil. This is an exploratory, retrospective, descriptive and quantitative study developed between 2010 and 2017. The results obtained in the study reveal that in the period from 2010 to 2017, an accumulated total of 2,507 cases of congenital syphilis were reported in the state of Maranhão, and 514 cases were registered in Imperatriz, representing 20.50% of the total. The study demonstrated the need for effective measures to combat not only the infection of mothers, but also of partners; some of these diagnoses were only identified during or after childbirth/curettage. The lack of previous investigation or lack of adequate treatment during the gestation leading to maternal and fetal risk was evident.

scholarly journals The reality of 13 years of prenatal care to pregnant women with syphilis in Sergipe state (2007-2019)

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rute de Oliveira Farias ◽  
Izailza Matos Dantas Lopes ◽  
Letícia Goes Santos ◽  
Amanda Silveira de Carvalho Dantas
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Considerable Increase ◽  
Congenital Syphilis ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Serological Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Clinical Phase ◽  
High Prevalence

Introduction: Syphilis is an infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum, its two main routes of transmission are sexual and transplacental (vertical). The latter is of particular worrisome, since it can generate congenital syphilis and can be avoided by early maternal serological screening. Objective: To analyze the conditions of prenatal care for syphilitic pregnant women in Sergipe State between 2007 and 2019. Methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective, and descriptive study was carried out, with the collection of notified cases of gestational and congenital syphilis in the Brazilian Notifiable Diseases Information System (Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação - SINAN). Results: There was a considerable increase in the number of reported cases of gestational syphilis in the last 13 years. About 36% of pregnant women were identified in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy, 68.1% were brown, 56.8% had studied for up to 8 years, and 50.1% were between 20 and 29 years old. The clinical phase latent to the diagnosis was responsible for 70.3% of the cases, followed by the primary (11%) and tertiary (7.3%) phases. Of the total number of pregnant women, 20.2% did not perform the non-treponemal test, and 97.2% were treated with penicillin. Regarding the numbers of congenital syphilis, although 75% of the mothers performed prenatal care, 37.8% received the diagnosis at the time of delivery/curettage, resulting in 72.9% of infant deaths from the disease. Moreover, there was a predominance of untreated partners (77.7%) in relation to those treated (10.8%). Conclusion: Although most of them performed prenatal care, there was a predominance of diagnoses performed only in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy, mainly at the time of delivery or curettage, not respecting the minimum therapeutic interval of 30 days before delivery. Thus, in Sergipe State, the most important factor in the high prevalence of vertical transmission of syphilis is the ineffectiveness of prenatal care provided to infected pregnant women, which remains.

Syphilis Immunoassay Signal Strength Correlates with Active Infection in Pregnant Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (07) ◽  
pp. 671-678
Author(s):  
Amanda C. Zofkie ◽  
Angela R. Seasely ◽  
Donna Gaffney ◽  
Vanessa L. Rogers ◽  
Donald D. Mcintire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Congenital Syphilis ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Active Syphilis ◽  
Particle Agglutination ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Objective This study aimed to evaluate the association of ARCHITECT chemiluminescent immunoassay (CIA) signal strength (signal-to-cutoff [S/CO] ratio), with maternal syphilis stage, rapid plasma reagin (RPR) reactivity, and congenital syphilis. Study Design A prospective observational study of reverse syphilis screening was conducted. Pregnant women were screened with CIA. Reactive CIA was reflexed to RPR; particle agglutination test (Treponema pallidum particle agglutination [TPPA]) was performed for CIA+/RPR− results. Clinical staging with history and physical was performed, and disease stage was determined. Prior treatment was confirmed. We compared S/CO ratio and neonatal outcomes among the following groups: Group 1: CIA+/RPR+/TPPA+ or CIA+/RPR−/TPPA+ with active syphilis; Group 2: CIA+/RPR−/TPPA+ or CIA+/serofast RPR/TPPA+, previously treated; Group 3: CIA+/RPR−/TPPA+, no history of treatment or active disease; Group 4: CIA+/RPR−/TPPA−, false-positive CIA. Results A total of 144 women delivered with reactive CIA: 38 (26%) in Group 1, 69 (48%) in Group 2, 20 (14%) in Group 3, and 17 (12%) in Group 4. Mean (±standard deviation) S/CO ratio was 18.3 ± 5.4, 12.1 ± 5.3, 9.1 ± 4.6, and 1.9 ± 0.8, respectively (p < 0.001). Neonates with overt congenital syphilis occurred exclusively in Group 1. Conclusion Women with active syphilis based on treatment history, clinical staging, and laboratory indices have higher CIA S/CO ratio and are more likely to deliver neonates with overt evidence of congenital syphilis.

scholarly journals Gestational and congenital syphilis situation in Colombia, a challenge to the General system of Social Security in Health

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-311
Author(s):  
Adriana Raquel Cruz-Concha
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Congenital Syphilis ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Congenital Infection ◽  
General System ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Health Organization

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by Treponema Pallidum, and is considered a serious public health problem as it affects more than 12 million people worldwide. It is estimated that over two million pregnant women are infected with syphilis each year worldwide, and a significant number of cases (692,100 to 1,53 million), are untreated (1). When it occurs in pregnant women it is easily transmitted to the fetus, causing complications in up to 81% of cases, including stillbirth, early neonatal death , prematurity, low birth weight or congenital infection (2).In Colombia, gestational and congenital syphilis is notifiable, and the figures reported by the System of Public Health Surveillance (sivigila, for its acronym in Spanish), are among the highest in Latin America and the Caribbean. In 2011 Colombia reported 2.9 cases of congenital syphilis / 1000 live births (3), a value which is worth almost six times higher than the target set by the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) in its Elimination of Congenital Syphilis Plan (2, 4). The Colombian Pacific coast provides the country with a significant number of cases each year, being the port of Buenaventura, in Valle del Cauca, one of the worst affected areas, reporting on 2010, 141 cases of congenital syphilis, nine of which ended in a fatal outcome (5).

scholarly journals Kepatuhan Kunjungan Antenatal Care Berdasarkan Faktor Maternal

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Natiqotul Fatkhiyah ◽  
Sri Tanjung Rejeki ◽  
Dwi Atmoko
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Antenatal Care Visit ◽  
Care Visit ◽  
In Pregnancy

ABSTRAK Salah satu penyebab Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) adalah komplikasi dalam kehamilan maupun persalinan. Komplikasi kehamilan dan persalinan dapat dicegah dengan pemeriksaan antenatal care (ANC) secara teratur. ANC merupakan kunjungan ibu hamil dengan tenaga kesehatan untuk mendapatkan pelayanan kehamilan sesuai dengan standar yang ditetapkan. Data yang diperoleh dari puskesmas Slawi bulan Januari-Juni tahun 2019 untuk cakupan kunjungan K1 sebanyak 82,1% dan cakupan K4 sebanyak 79%.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kepatuhan kunjungan ANC berdasarkan faktor determinan maternal. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel pada penelitian sejumlah 30 ibu hamil menggunakan teknik accidental sampling dan analisis data menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukan  mayoritas usia ibu reproduktif sebesar 66,67%, status multigravida (kehamilan kedua dan ketiga) sebesar 66.67%, kehamilan normal (60%) dan telah memenuhi standar K1 sebesar 83.33% dan memenuhi standar K4 sebesar  86.67%. Ada hubungan antara usia ibu hamil dengan dengan kepatuhan kunjungan ANC (p value 0,02)  dan ada hubungan status paritas dengan kepatuhan kunjungan ANC (p value 0,04) dan tidak ada hubungan komplikasi kehamilan dengan kepatuhan kunjungan ANC.Kata kunci : ibu hamil; kepatuhan; antenatal care  ANTENATAL CARE VISIT COMPLIANCE BASED ON MATERNAL FACTORS ABSTRACTOne of the causes of maternal mortality is complications in pregnancy and childbirth. Pregnancy and childbirth complications can be prevented by regular antenatal care visit. ANC is a visit of pregnant women with health workers to get health service in accordance with established standards. Data obtained from Slawi Health Centre in January-June 2019 for coverage of Phase 1 visits was 82.1% and phase 4 coverage was 79%. The objevtive of this study was to determine the regularity of ANC based on maternal determinants. This  study was quantitative research with a cross sectional approach. The number of respondents was 30 pregnant women by using accidental sampling technique. The study was conducted in January-March 2020. Bivariate analysis used chi square test. The results showed that pregnant women who did ANC regularly amounted to 86.67%. The results showed that there was a relationship between age with antenatal care visit because the p value was 0.02, there was a relationship between parity with antenatal care visit with p value 0.04, and there was no relationship between pregnancy diagnosis with antenatal care visit because the p value was 0.08. Pregnant women are expected to perform ANC regularly for early detection of complications in pregnancy. Keywords: pregnant women; compliance; antenatal care 

scholarly journals Dual screen and confirm rapid test does not reduce overtreatment of syphilis in pregnant women living in a non-venereal treponematoses endemic region: a field evaluation among antenatal care attendees in Burkina Faso

2018 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 402-404
Author(s):  
Céline Langendorf ◽  
Céline Lastrucci ◽  
Isabelle Sanou-Bicaba ◽  
Kara Blackburn ◽  
Marie-Hortense Koudika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Congenital Syphilis ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Active Syphilis

ObjectivesIn resource-limited settings, screening pregnant women for syphilis using rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) is a key tool in the prevention of congenital syphilis. However, most syphilis RDTs detect only treponemal antibodies (T-RDT), meaning antibiotics may be provided unnecessarily to previously treated pregnant women, particularly in non-venereal treponematoses endemic regions. We estimated the potential reduction in overtreatment when comparing T-RDT (SD Bioline) to a newer rapid test (Dual Path Platform (DPP) Screen and Confirm Assay, Chembio) detecting both treponemal and non-treponemal antibodies.MethodsPregnant women in Déou, Burkina Faso, screened for syphilis during antenatal care (ANC) visits were prospectively enrolled in the study after providing consent. DPP and T-RDT tests were performed on whole blood specimens. Plasma was tested in an international reference laboratory by Treponema pallidum passive particle agglutination (TPPA) and quantitative rapid plasma reagin (RPR). Presumptive active syphilis was defined as a result that was both TPPA and RPR reactive.ResultsOf the 242 pregnant women included in the study, 91 (37.6%) had presumptive active syphilis and 19.0% had RPR titres ≥8. DPP testing did not reduce the number of pregnant women who would have been overtreated compared with T-RDT (0.0% vs 2.5%; p=0.218) and had a higher proportion of underdiagnosis (48.4% vs 2.2%; p<0.001). Seven women with high RPR titres ≥8 would not have received treatment had only DPP testing been used.ConclusionIn the first evaluation comparing DPP with traditional screening methods in pregnant women, we saw no reduction in unnecessarily treated syphilis and an underestimation of those needing treatment. High seroprevalence in the population may indicate the presence of other treponemal infections in the area, and further study of DPP in a variety of Sahelian and other contexts is warranted.

scholarly journals Análise temporal dos aspectos clínicos e sociais relacionados a sífilis congênita na Paraíba entre 2008 e 2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (54) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Matheus Santos Duarte ◽  
Michael Ferreira Machado ◽  
Carlos Dornels Freire de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Congenital Syphilis ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Government

<p class="Normal1"><span class="fontstyle0">Congenital syphilis is a disease resulting from vertical transmission of the Treponema pallidum bacterium from the infected mother to her child, which can result in several sequelae for the newborn. This study aimed to analyze the clinical and social characteristics of mothers whose children were affected by this disease in Paraíba between 2008 and 2017. It is a descriptive and cross-sectional study developed from secondary data from the Ministry of Health. The trends were analyzed through a segmented regression model using Joinpoint software. The statistical results were compared with the government actions implemented in the analyzed time period, in the scope of the fight against syphilis. A higher proportion of cases of this disease was observed in women with brown skin and low schooling. This proportion was higher than the national average. A high percentage of inadequate treatment was also observed. Although this ratio has decreased lately, the proportion of those who did not undergo treatment has increased. Prenatal care has been increasingly performed by these pregnant women. In this sense, the influence of the Rede Cegonha on this process can be highlighted, providing greater reach and quality of prenatal care, in addition to the expansion of the capacity of testing and treatment of pregnant women with syphilis.</span><strong> <br /><br /> </strong></p>

scholarly journals 53Women with syphilis notification in pregnant women who lose their baby, belém/pa, 2017 and 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josué Costa ◽  
Rute Leila dos Reis Flores ◽  
Veronilce Borges da Silva ◽  
Eula Oliveira Santos das Neves ◽  
Carlos Gustavo Paes Barreto da Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Information System ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Congenital Syphilis ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Adequate Treatment

Abstract Background Syphilis is a chronic systemic infectious disease that is subject to acute outbreaks and latency periods when left untreated. It is an infectious disease produced by a bacteria, Treponema pallidum, of predominantly sexual transmission. The inclusion of syphilis in pregnancy as a sexually transmitted infection with compulsory notification is justified by its high prevalence rate and high vertical transmission rate, which ranges from 30% to 100% without adequate treatment. Congenital syphilis is a result of the hematogenous spread of Treponema pallidum, an untreated or inadequately treated pregnant woman, through the placenta, which causes miscarriages or child and fetal deaths. Our objective was to draw an epidemiological profile of women, living in Belém / PA, notified by syphilis during pregnancy and who developed infant or fetal death in 2017 and 2018. Methods This is a descriptive epidemiological study. Two information systems were used, the Mortality Information System (MIS) and the Notification Record Information System (NRIS). At MIS, all child and fetal deaths of residents of Belém in 2017 and 2018 were selected. In NRIS, we selected all cases of pregnant women notified by syphilis in 2017 and 2018, also resident in the municipality. Subsequently, the two banks were compared to verify whether pregnant women notified for syphilis evolved with infant or fetal death. Data were analyzed according to age, race, education, gestational period, length of treatment of pregnant women, whether the partner was treated and the type of death of the children. Results We found 32 women with reports of syphilis in pregnant women, of whom 81% developed fetal death and 19% had infant death. 63% were between 20 and 29 years old, 88% were brown, 75% were in the third trimester of pregnancy when they were notified, 25% had incomplete elementary school and 25% had incomplete high school. 72% were treated with 7,200,000 IU of Penicillin G Benzathine. 59% of cases were not performed in the treatment of the partner. Conclusions Most of these women are young, poorly educated, and despite appropriate treatment, their partners have not been treated and may have been reinfected and passed on the infection to their children. Key messages Syphilis in pregnant women; Hild and fetal death

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