A case report of fordyce granules with leukoplakia: Ectopia with leukoplakia

Leukoplakia is a potentially malignant disorder that clinically presents as white lesion that cannot be scrapped off. It is associated with the habit of tobacco use, however, other factors have also to shown increase the risk of occurrence. Fordyce granules are not a disease per se but does appear as yellow spots in the oral cavity which can be easily identified clinically. The present article reports an interesting case of a patient with Leukoplakia and Fordyce granules underlying the white patch which was muffled in clinical examination and evident in histological diagnosis.

Ayurvedic Approach for Shwitra- A Case Study

Skin is one of the most important and visible organ of our body. Skin anomalies create physical as well as psychological problems in an individual. Among different variety of Kustha, Shwitra is considered as one of them in the Ayurvedic classics which occur due to vitiation of Tridoshas and Dhatus like Rakta, Mamsa and Meda. Shwitra can be correlated with vitiligo or leucoderma, where it manifest as white patch on the skin due to partial or complete loss of skin pigmentation and causes cosmetic imbalance of the body. Vitiligo is an autoimmune disease and it may be associated with other autoimmune diseases such as pernicious anaemia, addison disease and diabetes mellitus results in destruction of melanocytes thus causing depigmentation. A female patient, aged 36 years suffering from white patches in left forehead region for last 2 years and she was treated with both Sodhan and Shaman Chikitsa for a period of 3 months. Result was assessed from the changes in the size of patch and photographs. Proper written consent was taken from the patient prior to the study. Follow up was done at 1 month interval and after 3 months there was marked improvement seen in patch and colour. The present study indicates different prospective of treatment for Shwitra kustha and it provides cost effective as well as safe treatment of the disease. This study shows a new dimension in the treatment for Shwitra and could be carried out for statistical significant study.

First isolation of virulent Tenacibaculum maritimum strains from diseased orbicular batfish (Platax orbicularis) farmed in Tahiti Island

The orbicular batfish ( Platax orbicularis ), also called 'Paraha peue' in Tahitian, is the most important marine fish species reared in French Polynesia. Sudden and widespread outbreaks of severe ‘white-patch disease’ have occurred since 2011 in batfish farms one to three weeks after the transfer of juveniles from bio-secured hatcheries to lagoon cages. With cumulative mortality ranging from 20 to 90%, the sustainability of aquaculture of this species is severely threatened. In this study, we describe for the first time the isolation from diseased batfish of several strains belonging to the species Tenacibaculum maritimum, a major pathogen of many marine fish species. Histopathological analysis, an experimental bath challenge and a field monitoring study showed that T. maritimum is associated with white-patch disease. Moreover, molecular and serological analyses performed on representative strains revealed some degree of genetic diversity among the isolates, a finding of primary importance for epidemiological studies and for the development of management and control strategies such as vaccination.

An Improved White Patch Method for Image Illumination Estimation

As one of the underlying pixel-based illumination estimation algorithms, the White Patch algorithm is an algorithm for calculating the global illumination RGB value of an image based on the specific assumption that the maximum reflected light on the scene is chromatic. The algorithm is harsh on the assumptions of scene illumination, and many images are difficult to satisfy this assumption constraint. In this paper, we propose an improved White Patch image illumination estimation method. Firstly, the image patch is extracted by using sliding window method, we then use the white patch algorithm to estimate the illumination color value of each patch, and finally the kernel density estimation is adopted to obtain the overall illumination color value of the image. The experimental results show that the improved White Patch images illumination estimation method proposed to this paper performs better on the illumination estimation of natural illumination scene images.

An Absurd Concept of Self-Medication: A Case of Oral Chemical Burn

A chemical burn is seen in oral cavity after a noxious agent is placed in direct contact with the mucosa as a mode of self treatment or iatrogenically by dentist. Mild lesions due to less irritating agents result in mild alteration in texture, while more severe lesions (soreness to outright pain) are due to more irritating agents and because of agents of longer duration of contact. Commonly used chemicals used by patients for tooth pain are aspirin which is placed next to the offending tooth and OTC preparations. The essential oil based preparations are easily available in pharmacies or are prepared by local people. These medicaments can harm a patient if not used under medical or ayurvedic supervision as they have beneficial plant extracts, essential oils etc. A case of such self inflicted chemical burn of the oral mucosa is reported due to use of clove oil preparation available locally, used with varying amount and frequency. History of using over the counter medicaments for dental ailment should be asked when patients visit the dentist with complains of burning or white patch in mouth.