Evaluation of United States chiropractic professional subgroups: a survey of randomly sampled chiropractors

Background Professional subgroups are common and may play a role in aiding professional maturity or impeding professional legitimization. The chiropractic profession in the United States has a long history of diverse intra-professional subgroups with varying ideologies and practice styles. To our knowledge, large-scale quantification of chiropractic professional subgroups in the United States has not been conducted. The purpose of this study was to quantify and describe the clinical practice beliefs and behaviors associated with United States chiropractic subgroups. Methods A 10% random sample of United States licensed chiropractors (n = 8975) was selected from all 50 state regulatory board lists and invited to participate in a survey. The survey consisted of a 7-item questionnaire; 6 items were associated with chiropractic ideological and practice characteristics and 1 item was related to the self-identified role of chiropractic in the healthcare system which was utilized as the dependent variable to identify chiropractic subgroups. Multinomial logistic regression with predictive margins was used to analyze which responses to the 6 ideology and practice characteristic items were predictive of chiropractic subgroups. Results A total of 3538 responses were collected (39.4% response rate). Respondents self-identified into three distinct subgroups based on the perceived role of the chiropractic profession in the greater healthcare system: 56.8% were spine/neuromusculoskeletal focused; 22.0% were primary care focused; and 21.2% were vertebral subluxation focused. Patterns of responses to the 6 ideologies and practice characteristic items were substantially different across the three professional subgroups. Conclusions Respondents self-identified into one of three distinct intra-professional subgroups. These subgroups can be differentiated along themes related to clinical practice beliefs and behaviors.

The peculiarities of speech portrait of Russian female politicians

The relevance of analyzing the speech aspect of political communication of Russian female lies in the fact that today the current focus of attention is the questions of creating a political image of state and public figures for achieve the needed social effects. A significant role in the process of creating the image is assigned not only to physical appearance of the politician, but also to peculiarities of their communication with the audience. The goal of this article is the analysis of speech portrait of a public linguistic personality on the example of modern Russian female politicians. The research employs contextological analysis and semantic-stylistic analysis, which allows revealing the semantic content of speeches and determining various stylistic functions in linguistic practice. Characteristic is given to the internal and external side of the personality image, specificity of its formation in the minds of the audience, peculiarities of the speech portrait of prominent Russian female politicians. The author pinpoints the important role of language in the sociopolitical and public spheres of communication. The conclusion is made on the degree of presence of masculine and feminine traits in the linguistic portrait of female politicians, the factors that substantiate such combination, as well as the desire of the female politicians to represent themselves as a “person of the people”. The analysis of speech portrait is conducted on the example of public speeches, polemics with opponents, etc, which implies an outline of a political position using speech techniques for effective resolution of the set tasks.

INFORMATION SYSTEMS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE MAKING THE BEST DECISIONS IN THE ECONOMY

The article examines the possibility of using artificial intelligence in economic systems. The theoretical foundations of the methodology description of recognizable objects in the selected feature space showed. An approved method of coding practice characteristic values based on their adaptive quantization, allowing learners to use simple recognition algorithms using the corrected weighting coefficients is given. Such systems can be used to address the macro- and micro-economic challenges as well as in shaping the competencies of staff.

Ondernemer tussen volk en staat. Tony Herbert: enkele historiografische ankerpunten vanuit biografisch perspectief

Dit artikel schetst een biografisch profiel van Tony Herbert. In het eerste deel wordt Herberts levensloop op hoofdlijnen beschreven. In het tweede deel wordt ingegaan op zijn betekenis voor de geschiedenis van de Vlaams beweging. Die is nauw verbonden met zijn ondernemerschap, van waaruit Herbert een groot deel van zijn politiek engagement gestalte gaf. Kenmerkend zijn, een cultus van de staat, het afwijzen van elke vorm van autonome werkenemersvertegenwoordiging en een sterke belangstelling voor ideologie, die via de pers verspreid wordt. Bekeken vanuit het perspectief van de praktische politiek, was Herberts optreden echter niet bijzonder succesvol.________Entrepreneur between nation and state. Tony Herbert: some historiographical points of reference from a biographical perspective.This article sets out a biographical profile of Tony Herbert. The first part of the article describes the outlines of Herbert’s life. The second part deals with his significance for the history of the Flemish movement. This is closely connected to his entrepreneurship, from which Herbert put a large part of his political commitment into practice. Characteristic aspects are the cult of the state, the rejection of any type of autonomous representation of workers and a clear interest in ideology that is distributed by the press. Viewed from the perspective of practical politics however, Herbert’s performance was not particularly successful.

The Optimization and Reconstruction of the Urban and Rural Settlements under Community Vision: A Study on Yan Chang County of Yan’an City

Based on the community theory, from the practice characteristic of the county urban and rural settlements, this paper analyzes the problems in concrete technology practice and science research, optimizes and reconstructs the residential system. With Yan Chang County of Yan’an City as an example, carried out the research and tested the application of the framework. Construction of the frame system coupled the relationships between the county settlement system and the community theory, which more expressed a kind of thought method and a concept of value, so then put forward the technical path of the urban and rural settlement system construction. At the same time, according to the urban and rural harmonious development, guided and constructed the urban and rural residential system with Shaanxi characteristic, which inferred with its space layout, scale, structure and planning method.