exertional dyspnoea
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2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. e245187
Author(s):  
Arjun Rajendran ◽  
Akhilesh Kunoor ◽  
Roshini Pushpa Ragahavan ◽  
Pavithran Keechilat

A 63-year-old woman with grade 2 infiltrating left breast carcinoma who was started on ribociclib complained of exertional dyspnoea along with dry cough. There were bilateral interscapular crackles and chest X-ray evidence of bilateral mid and lower zone non-homogeneous opacity. The patient’s pulmonary function test (PFT) showed moderate restrictions and desaturation. CT was suggestive of organising pneumonia and drug administration was stopped. The patient was treated with steroids in tapering doses, which led to improvements. The drug was restarted with the probability of other aetiologies for interstetial lung disease (ILD). It was also considered the superior efficacy of ribociclib in managing breast cancer. But due to evidence indicating the reappearance of organising pneumonia following drug administration, it was again stopped, and steroid use was restarted for treatment. The patient showed improvements in subsequent follow-ups.


Author(s):  
Giorgia Borio ◽  
Chiara Terracciano ◽  
Federico Buttafava ◽  
Andrea Vercelli ◽  
Laura Pagani ◽  
...  

We report the case of a 62-year-old male patient fully vaccinated for COVID-19, admitted to our emergency room for persistent fever associated with exertional dyspnoea, skin lesions, diffuse myalgias and arthralgias not responsive to broad-spectrum antibiotic and antiviral therapy, who developed a rapidly progressive refractory to treatment interstitial lung disease due to anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) antibodies, that required mechanical ventilation and ECMO. Here, we highlight the importance of always considering alternative diagnoses, i.e. viral and autoimmune diseases, including anti-MDA5 antibody screening, when dealing with patients with a skin rash, seronegative polyarthralgias and interstitial pneumonia, or acute respiratory distress syndrome of unknown origin.


Author(s):  
Muhammad Farid Bin Mohd Fauad ◽  
Hazlyna Baharuddin ◽  
Mohd Arif Mohd Zim ◽  
Bushra Johari

Pulmonary embolism (PE) was reported in about 9% patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Seronegative APS is an entity which demonstrates clinical manifestations highly suggestive of APS but persistently negative APS antibodies. A 31-year-old lady presented with a two-month history of exertional dyspnoea. She had two consecutive miscarriages at 12 and 14 weeks, previously. Physical examination revealed a thin lady who was tachycardic, tachypneic, hypoxic but normotensive. There was a loud P2 without signs of heart failure. Investigations revealed a type 1 respiratory failure, sinus tachycardia with right ventricular strain pattern, cardiomegaly with normal lung fields, and dilated right atrium and right ventricle with increased in pulmonary arterial pressure of 70mmHg from echocardiography. CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) confirmed the presence of PE over bilateral pulmonary arteries. She continued to have exertional dyspnoea and was readmitted 9 months later with worsening dyspnoea. APS antibodies performed during both admissions were negative. Seronegative APS was diagnosed. Interestingly, two CTPAs performed at 6 months and 9 months after initial presentation revealed persistent bilateral pulmonary embolism. The provoking factors for PE should be sought because ‘unprovoked’ PE especially in young individuals need further attention. APS, including seronegative APS, should be considered. Persistence of symptoms of PE also warrants further attention as chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) may be the cause. Currently, there are available medical and surgical treatment of CTEPH, therefore establishing its diagnosis is important and it is best performed in pulmonary hypertension expert centre.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue-2: 2021 Page: S25


Author(s):  
J. Alberto Neder ◽  
Juan Pablo De Torres ◽  
M. A. Martin-Palmero ◽  
Danilo C Berton ◽  
Philips Devin ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Moritz Lambers ◽  
Oliver Bruder ◽  
Heinrich Wieneke ◽  
Kai Nassenstein

Abstract Background The incidence of recognized cardiopulmonary cement embolism in the context of percutaneous vertebroplasty varies between 0-23%. In most cases, only small fragments embolize in the pulmonary arteries or the right heart cavities. The latter can cause potential harm by right ventricular perforation. Case summary A 57-year-old patient was admitted to our department of cardiology due to exertional dyspnoea and chest pain. In the course of further diagnostic tests a huge cement embolus was accidentally discovered in the right ventricle. The unusual size and length and the threat of ventricular perforation make this case so unique. Discussion Large cement embolisms in kyphoplasty settings are possible and associated with the risk of fulminant complications.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. e244665
Author(s):  
Sahrai Saeed ◽  
Rune Haaverstad ◽  
Bjørn Blomberg ◽  
Øyvind Bleie ◽  
Torbjørn Lunde

A middle-aged man presented to the Department of Medicine of our hospital due to exertional dyspnoea, ascites and peripheral oedema. He was later transferred to the Department of Heart Disease as his echocardiography indicated constrictive pericarditis, confirmed by cardiac MRI and cardiac catheterisation. After a thorough investigation, his constrictive pericarditis was assumed to be caused by tuberculosis. He was treated with antituberculosis therapy followed by successful surgical subtotal pericardiectomy, leading to immediate improvement of haemodynamics, regression of symptoms and recovery of cardiac function. The patient remained stable at 5-year echocardiographic follow-up with no evidence of diastolic dysfunction.


Heart ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 107 (13) ◽  
pp. 1039-1102
Author(s):  
Li Zhou ◽  
Hui Chen ◽  
Hongwei Li
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. e243585
Author(s):  
Jenna Stephanie O'Sullivan ◽  
Andrew Lyne ◽  
Carl J Vaughan

A 22-year-old woman was referred with exertional dyspnoea and chest tightness 3 weeks following a diagnosis of COVID-19. Evaluation revealed a resting sinus tachycardia and criteria for postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome were met. After non-pharmacological interventions failed to yield symptomatic improvement, ivabradine was commenced. This intervention was followed by a substantial improvement in the patient’s exercise tolerance and energy levels and an objective reduction in supine and standing heart rate.


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