Ultrasonographic Features of Presumed Renal Telangiectasia in Three Pembroke Welsh Corgis

ABSTRACT Renal telangiectasia has been reported in Pembroke Welsh corgis with chronic hematuria; however, the sonographic features of these lesions have never been described. Two dogs with confirmed renal telangiectasia and one dog with presumptive renal telangiectasia were identified in a medical record search. All dogs had one or more variably sized renal nodules identified on abdominal ultrasound. The nodules in two of the three dogs were similar, appearing hyperechoic with numerous punctate hypoechoic to anechoic foci throughout. None of the nodules showed evidence of hemodynamic flow on Doppler ultrasound. Renal telangiectasia should be considered as a benign differential diagnosis, particularly in Pembroke Welsh corgis.

Theoretical study of an unsteady ciliary hemodynamic fluid flow subject to the Newton’s boundary conditions

This article addresses the hemodynamic flow of biological fluid through a symmetric channel. Methachronal waves induced by the ciliary motion of motile structures are the main source of Couple stress nanofluid flow. Darcy’s law is incorporated in Navier-Stokes equations to highlight the influence of the porous medium. Thermal transport by the microscopic collision of particles is governed by Fourier’s law while a separate expression is obtained for net diffusion of nanoparticles by using Fick’s law. A closed-form solution is achieved of nonlinear differential equations subject to Newton’s boundary conditions. Moreover, the current findings are compared with previous outcomes for the limiting case and found a complete coherence. Parametric study reveals that nanoflow is resisted by employing Newton’s boundary conditions. Thermal profile enhancement is contributed by the viscous dissipation parameter. Finally, one infers that hemodynamic flow of non-Newtonian fluid is an effective mode of heat and mass transfer especially, in medical sciences for the rapid transport of medicines in drug therapy.

Validation of a multicellular tumor microenvironment system for modeling patient tumor biology and drug response

Lung cancer rates are rising globally and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has a five year survival rate of only 24%. Unfortunately, the development of drugs to treat cancer is severely hampered by the inefficiency of translating pre-clinical studies into clinical benefit. Thus, we sought to apply a tumor microenvironment system (TMES) to NSCLC. Using microvascular endothelial cells, lung cancer derived fibroblasts, and NSCLC tumor cells in the presence of in vivo tumor-derived hemodynamic flow and transport, we demonstrate that the TMES generates an in-vivo like biological state and predicts drug response to EGFR inhibitors. Transcriptomic and proteomic profiling indicate that the TMES recapitulates the in vivo and patient molecular biological state providing a mechanistic rationale for the predictive nature of the TMES. This work further validates the TMES for modeling patient tumor biology and drug response indicating utility of the TMES as a predictive tool for drug discovery and development and potential for use as a system for patient avatars.

In Full Force. Mechanotransduction and Morphogenesis during Homeostasis and Tissue Regeneration

The interactions of form and function have been the focus of numerous studies in the context of development and more recently regeneration. Our understanding on how cells, tissues and organs sense and interpret external cues, such as mechanical forces, is becoming deeper as novel techniques in imaging are applied and the relevant signaling pathways emerge. These cellular responses can be found from bacteria to all multicellular organisms such as plants and animals. In this review, we focus on hemodynamic flow and endothelial shear stress during cardiovascular development and regeneration, where the interactions of morphogenesis and proper function are more prominent. In addition, we address the recent literature on the role of extracellular matrix and fibrotic response during tissue repair and regeneration. Finally, we refer to examples where the integration of multi-disciplinary approaches to understand the biomechanics of cellular responses could be utilized in novel medical applications.