Teknik Sortir Produk Pangan menggunakan Teknik Bio-impedansi

ABSTRAKKarakterisasi untuk memisahkan mutu-mutu yang berbeda dalam aplikasi industri dapat dipenuhi dengan menggunakan alat dengan kemampuan yang terbatas. Teknik sortir memanfaatkan sistem papan evaluasi Eval AD5933 EBZ berakurasi 0,5% dilakukan terhadap pisang kepok (musa spp) hasil perkebunan di Pulau Enggano, Provinsi Bengkulu. Sistem dinyalakan dengan sambungan listrik bertegangan 2,7 V – 5,5 V mengeksitasi gelombang dari frekuensi 4000 Hz sampai 100.000 Hz kepada tiga sampel, masing-masing tiga kali sapuan. Tanpa ada modifikasi yang diberikan, sistem mampu membedakan impedansi musa spp antara jenis-jenis mutu mentah, mengkal dan masak melalui diagram Argand yang digambar dari data impedansi masing-masing. Diagram Argand yang dihasilkan menunjukkan jenis mutu masak dari musa spp lebih besar (dalam Ohm) dari jenisj-jenis mutu di bawahnya. Sistem ini dapat membantu industri pembuatan tepung pisang yang memerlukan pemilahan jenis bahan baku bermutu tertentu. Kata kunci: sortir, mutu, buah pisang kepok, impedansi ABSTRACTCharacterization to sortir different qualities in industrial applications can be fulfilled by using a tool with limited capability. Sorting technique using a 0.5% accuracy Eval AD5933 EBZ evaluation board system has been carried out on kepok banana (musa spp) from the plantation of Enggano Island, Bengkulu province. The system powered by a 2.7 V – 5.5 V DC low-voltage excited waves from 4000 Hz to 100,000 Hz frequencies to three samples, three sweeps of each. Without any modification, the system has been able to segregate different quality types of unripe, almost ripe and ripe from their Argand diagram drawn from their impedance data. The Argand diagram characterizes that the quality type of banana ripe is more expanded (in Ohm) than the other quality types of below. The system is applicable for a banana flour manufacturing industry that requires the sorting of certain types of quality raw materials.Keywords: sorting, quality, musa banana, impedance

Оптические переходы в кристаллах ZnSe и CdTe с участием d-зон катионов

The permittivity spectra ε_1( E ) and ε_2( E ) of ZnSe and CdTe crystals are calculated in the range of 10–25 eV using their experimental reflectance spectra and Kramers–Kronig integral relations. The spectra are decomposed into thirteen and twelve separate transition bands for ZnSe and CdTe, respectively, using the improved nonparametric combined Argand diagram technique. The main spectral parameters, including the maximum energies and halfwidths and oscillator strengths, are determined. The oscillator strengths are found to be within 0.1–1.4 for ZnSe and 0.2–0.7 for CdTe. The obtained ε_2( E ) bands are due to interband and exciton transitions with the involvement of cation core d bands of both crystals under consideration.

Argand diagram and oscillator strength of In0,5Tl0,5I crystal

The dynamics of the electron subsystem parameters in In0.5Tl0.5I substitutional solid solutions has been studied theoretically using of the pseudopotential method. According to Kramers-Kronig method there have been determined the optical functions of the multilayer In0,5Tl0,5I for the different light polarizations in a broad energy range (0 - 15 eV). The energies of oscillators were defined from the Argand diagrams. The main oscillator settings transitions has been determined.

Relief geometric effects on frequency-domain electromagnetic data

A perpendicular transmitter-receiver coils arrangement used in the frequency-domain electromagnetic survey can have deviations in relation to its standard geometric definition due to the relief geometry of the surveyed area when combined with large transmitter-receiver distance and large transmitter loop size. This happens because the local relief characteristics along the transmitter loop wire laid on the ground can deviate the equivalent magnetic moment axis from the vertical, and the global characteristics locate the transmitter and receiver positions at different elevations. A study about that is carried on here substituting the rugged relief by an inclined plane. We have developed a new formulation for the [Formula: see text]-layered model that allowed us to investigate the relief geometry effects on FDEM data but restricting the analysis to the two-layer earth model, considering three cases of transmitter-receiver situations controlled by the relief conditions. The curves representing the Argand diagram and the apparent polarization parameter as a function of the apparent induction number were obtained for each relief model. Such procedures resulted to be very useful to demonstrate their behavior departing from those curves obtained for an inclined and a horizontal ground. These results show that small deviations in the verticality of the transmitter loop axis or in the horizontality of the surficial plane causes significant deviations, even for angles as small as 1°.

An Argand diagram for two by two matrices

A vivid memory of mine is of being shown that certain 2 × 2 matrices were ‘really’ complex numbers. The correspondence between matrices of the formand complex numbersseemed magical and the additional remark thatwas an unexpected bonus. The correspondence has been examined in various articles in the Gazette [1, 2]. That it is an isomorphism is seen by comparingwithin the case of addition, and, in the case of multiplication, by comparingwith