Do Mothers and Fathers of Egyptian Stuttering Children View Stuttering Differently?

Purpose: Limited research has shown that knowing or interacting with a person who stutters facilitates more positive attitudes toward stuttering. This is true when the stuttering person is a close friend or a family member. The study sought to determine if Egyptian mothers held different stuttering attitudes than fathers as joint parents of children who stuttered. Method: Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes–Stuttering results of 25 mothers and 25 fathers of the same children who stuttered were compared. Also, children's severity scores were correlated with their parents' attitudes. Results: There were no significant differences between mothers' and fathers' stuttering attitudes; however, an unexpected trend for more positive attitudes of fathers was observed. Weak relationships between children's stuttering severity and their parents' attitudes existed, with slightly higher correlations for the fathers. Conclusion: Nonsignificant trends for slightly more positive attitudes for fathers than mothers should be explored in larger sample sizes in order to answer the question “Should information provided for parents of children who stutter be different or differently presented to mothers versus fathers?”

Comparing the Profile Characteristics for Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the Agri-business Incubators

The challenge faced by the incubators in India is finding good start-ups that solve theproblems in the market or in value chain. A well-structured incubation program may leadthe startup from idea generation stage to setting up the business and most crucial fundingsupport. Analysis of effectiveness of training programme was done using primary as wellas secondary data. Progress report of the institute and primary information from the traineeswere matched to reach usefulness of the training programme. The primary data was collectedduring August, 2019 to January 2020 with partial structured pre-scheduled interview. Forthe ICAR-BPD trainees there was no substantial variation in age or land ownership,implying that the comparison on certain dimensions could be due to the training programmerather than underlying human attributes. The ICAR-BPD trainees were mainly attemptingto obtain government employment and were often unaware of the training and otherresources available to help them establish their own enterprise. Almost all of the traineesattributed their progress to the RUDSET Institute’s EDP teaching.

The Integration of Islamic Education Value in Strengthening Higher Education Students’ Peace-loving Character

Very important to provide understanding and awareness to students to manage religious differences into peace-loving characters. In Islamic education, it can be implemented in several ways, such as opposing violent methods and emphasizing the means of deliberation, upholding the values of togetherness, accepting the existence of various human attributes. The method of this study comprised of FGD in examining the curriculum of Islamic Education in Higher Education; developing Islamic Education curriculum models in strengthening the peace-loving character (the learning tools include syllabus, lesson plans, Media, and Evaluation). The results of the study demonstrated that the Islamic education curriculum in tertiary institutions was not yet oriented to human beings peace-loving character, and limited understanding was identified among the students regarding the implementation of that character in the classroom settings. The religious education provided at Palangka Raya University has not yet implemented interfaith education. It required the media to apply the students’ understanding regarding the nature of human differences in activities involving different religions on a project. The Islamic Education Learning Toolkit was based on a student-based problem project with interfaith discussion techniques, making students solve problems that occur in the environment involving all students of different religions who take religious courses in odd semester of 2019/2020.

Ṣàngó’s Incest, Oxala’s Equanimity and the Permanence of African Myth-Legends in Atlantic Yorùbá Dramaturgy

This article discusses the permanence of Yorùbá myth-legends in Atlantic Yorùbá dramaturgy. The dramaturgy is conceived as a genre of Atlantic Yorùbá literature produced by the scions of Yorùbá slaves in the New World and some òrìṣà worshippers in the Americas who claim an affiliative relationship with continental Yorùbá. I argue in favour of a myth-legend taxonomy of oral prose narratives as against the Western classification of traditional tales into myth, legend and folktale. Yorùbá traditional tales, also called pataki by the Atlantic Yorùbá, are dubbed myth-legends due to the shared features of myths and legends immanent in them. The article examines these traditional tales, drawing insights from psychoanalytic and postcolonial models to foreground the Ọbàtálá–Jesus parallelism, primeval rivalry between Ṣàngó and Ògún, and the paraphilia of certain Yorùbá hero-gods. It affirms the Euhemerisation of these deities to accentuate their apotheosis and possession of human attributes.

Extraction of Posture Silhouettes using Human Posture Feature Points and Spatial Masks for Activity Recognition in Public Place

Presently, an automated system has been required for public place security. Recognizing human postures in public places has emerged as a global solution for understanding human behavior in public places. In this work, a model to extract a human feature attribute of its posture has been presented to identify human behavior. The research work in this paper focuses on identifying the seating and standing postures of a person. The proposed methodology aims towards extraction of the human attributes from public places using spatial masks. Consequently, in this process, unwanted details from the background have been removed using the technique to focus on human postures only. The feature extraction process gives us blob vector and posture vector to evaluate human authentication and posture apprehension.

A protocol of protocols to explore whether humans will continue in meaningful decision-making roles in an AI-driven future in complex health services (Preprint)

BACKGROUND Health care can broadly be divided into two domains: clinical health services and complex health services, i.e., non-clinical health services such as health policy and health regulation. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming both these areas. Currently, humans are leaders, managers, and decision makers in complex health services. However, with the rise of AI, the time has come to ask whether humans will continue to have meaningful decision-making roles in this domain. OBJECTIVE The objective is to establish a protocol of protocols to be used in the proposed research, which aims to explore whether humans will continue in meaningful decision-making roles in complex health services in an AI-driven future. METHODS The proposed research is designed as a four-step project, divided into two phases. In keeping with this design, the overarching protocol encompasses (i) the protocol for a scoping review that aims to identify and map human attributes that influence decision-making in complex health services; (ii) the protocol for a scoping review that aims to identify and map AI attributes that influence decision-making in this context; (iii) the protocol for a comparative analysis of human and AI attributes identified in the reviews; and (iv) the protocol for a simulation that tests the likelihood of humans competing, cooperating, or converging with AI in order to continue in meaningful decision-making roles in this context. RESULTS The results will be presented in tabular form, as well as visually intuitive formats. CONCLUSIONS This paper provides a roadmap for the proposed research. It also provides an example of a protocol of protocols for methods used in complex health research. While there are established guidelines for a priori protocols for scoping reviews, there is a paucity of guidance on establishing a protocol of protocols. This paper takes the first step towards building a scaffolding for future guidelines in this regard.

Can Sexual Appeal, Beauty, or Virtue Increase the Opportunity for a Woman to Be Selected as a Spouse? The Mediating Role of Human Uniqueness

High mating value is believed to correspond with high mating opportunities. On that premise, this study explores three cues that are linked to women of high long-term mating value, namely a “beautiful” facial appearance, “sexually attractive” body shape, and “virtuous” behavior. With exclusive attention focused on the above cues, this study examines what kind of human attributes would make a contribution to women’s mating opportunities. The results reveal that both “beautiful” women and “virtuous” women were assessed (in this study) as having greater mating opportunities than “sexually attractive” women. In regard to the human attributes, only the “beautiful” woman was assessed as having high levels of human uniqueness and human nature. Meanwhile, “virtuous” women were assessed as having higher levels of human uniqueness but lower levels of human nature. In contrast, “sexually attractive” women were assessed as having lower levels of human uniqueness but higher levels of human nature. In addition, the results of a mediation analysis show that the trait of human uniqueness, and not human nature, was the mediator between the three types of women and women’s mating opportunities. This finding means that, when women have higher levels of human uniqueness, they can acquire more mating opportunities. These findings contribute an improved understanding to why and how “beauty” or “virtue” increases the opportunity for woman to be selected as a spouse.

Of Essence and Obsolescence: Priming Artificial Intelligence Changes Perceptions of Human Nature

Will people redefine what they see as essential to the human experience as the human species loses ground to Artificial Intelligence (AI) on such attributes as logic and language? Four studies using U.S. samples (N = 2,101) test this possibility. Study 1 supports a two-part classification of human attributes that we then use in subsequent studies. Studies 2a-2c demonstrate that, compared to reading a control prime about trees, reading a treatment prime about AI progress leads participants to view those attributes not shared with AI (e.g., humor and having desires) as more essential to being human. We found no evidence that this exposure leads to devaluation of those attributes shared with AI (e.g., logic and language). This research suggests that as AI becomes ubiquitous and increasingly capable, conceptions of human nature may shift in reaction to value what makes humans unique.

Integrating human and ecological dimensions: The importance of stakeholders’ perceptions and participation on the performance of fisheries co-management in Chile

Increasing attention is paid to the interdependence between the ecological and human dimensions to improve the management of natural resources. Understanding how artisanal fishers see and use the common-pool resources in a co-management system may hold the clue to establishing effective coastal fisheries policies or strengthening existing ones. A more comprehensive planning of the system will also have a bearing on how to reduce conflicts and strengthen social networks. We surveyed artisanal fishers and decision-makers to determine their perceptions about the Management and Exploitation Areas of Benthic Resources (known as MEABR) in Chile’s Biobio region. We performed a field study from November 2018 to August 2019, applying a set of questionnaires to determine the ecological and human attributes that contribute to MEABR outcomes, and then constructed composite scores for those attributes according to a multidimensional scaling technique (“Rapfish”). We find that fishers have different perspectives: surprisingly, women highlighted that the institutional dimension was the most influential on MEABR performance, whereas men highlighted the ecological and economic outcomes. The decision-makers’ role in the MEABR system was considered adequate, but communication and socialization of regulations were irregular. Results also showed that fishers expressed dissatisfaction with illegal fishing practices (poaching), productivity, profits, and conflicts inside and outside the MEABRs. Our study allowed us to better understand how the MEABR has developed in the region. We recommend strengthening local management strategies with particular attention paid to networking among stakeholders, including gender inclusive relationships.