The Implementation of Street Vendor Relocation Policy in the Pro-Environmental Era in Mojokerto City Square

Street vendors are one of the informal sectors that often cause problems in urban areas, such as the street vendors in Mojokerto City Square. The presence of street vendors is considered to have disturbed the orderliness and cleanliness of the city environment. Therefore, based on the Local Government Regulation of Mojokerto City No. 5 of 2005 concerning the Arrangement and Development of Street Vendor Activities, the government implemented a policy of street vendor relocation. This paper aims to analyze the implementation of street vendor relocation policy in the area of ​​Mojokerto City square. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach involving six key informants with interviews and documentation as the data collection method. This study indicates that implementing the street vendors relocation policy in the square area of ​​Mojokerto City is not entirely effective. Four factors influence the implementation of the policy, communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure.

Sustainable Population Growth in Low-Density Areas in a New Technological Era: Prospective Thinking on How to Support Planning Policies Using Complex Spatial Models

Urban development is the result of the interaction between anthropogenic and environmental dimensions. From the perspective of its density, it ranges from high-density populated areas, associated with large cities that concentrate the main economic and social thrust of societies, to low-density populated areas (e.g., rural areas, small–medium-sized cities). Against the backdrop of the new technological and environmental era, this commentary offers insights on how to support spatial planning policies for sustainable urban growth in low-density areas. We propose the integration of technological drivers such as Internet networks, telecommuting, distance-learning education, the use of electric cars, etc. into the complex spatial models to project and thus to identify the best locations for urban development in low-density areas. This understanding can help to mitigate the disparities between high- and low-density populated areas, and to reduce the inequality among regions as promoted in the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals.

How did the Invisible Hand Handle Industrial Waste? By-product Development before the Modern Environmental Era

A growing number of historians have turned their attention to the past behavior of industrialists toward their waste. Many have argued that the price system and competition typically fostered a short-term outlook that rewarded pollution rather than encouraging “loop-closing,” a modern term that refers to the linkages between different industries in which the residual of one becomes the input of another. Others have identified precedents in this respect that are credited to Progressive Era reformers. Building on evidence that has, by and large, escaped the attention of the present generation of historical writers, this essay challenges both views by arguing that market institutions, which included both profit motive and property rights, actually resulted in the usage of industrial by-products. Although past industrial activities did create significant pollution problems, perhaps our ancestors should be given more credit than they generally are for the creativity and resourcefulness they displayed in profitably solving numerous environmental problems.