Estresse do Professor de Contabilidade: Modulação sob a Ótica da Teoria Demanda-Controle-Suporte

Objetivo: Identificar e analisar a influência que os níveis de demanda, controle e suporte exercem sobre o estresse autorrelatado pelos docentes dos cursos de Ciências Contábeis das Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) do Brasil.Método: Utilizou-se de um survey com questões relativas à condição biopsicossocial dos 614 professores participantes, sobre a percepção de estresse destes com o Teacher Stress Inventory, e de demanda, controle e suporte emocional com o Job Demand-Control-Support. Resultados: O suporte e o controle contribuem, de forma significativa (p<0,01), para diminuir o estresse percebido pelos professores. Contudo, as demandas presentes nas IES contribuem para majorar (p<0,01) o estresse. Foi apurado, também, que a idade, a percepção positiva sobre o estado de saúde mental e a satisfação geral com a profissão e com os próprios alunos são fatores capazes de modular, negativamente, o estresse do professor (p<0,01). Porém, ser mulher, lecionar pela manhã e ser professor em uma IES pública aumentam a percepção de estresse dos respondentes (p<0,01). Contribuições: Considerando que a capacidade de adaptação das pessoas é limitada, este trabalho permite descortinar as circunstâncias que podem agravar os efeitos causados pelo estresse, tendo em vista o acréscimo de demandas físicas e emocionais, resultando, inclusive, em doenças psicossomáticas. Palavras-chaves: Ensino superior; Estresse; Docência; Saúde mental; Ciências Contábeis.

Why should teachers cultivate resilience through mindfulness?

The concept of resilience and mindfulness is becoming increasingly popular in schools worldwide in response to critical issues such as escalating teacher stress and burnout. This article explores the concept of mindfulness as a supportive practice to build resilience in times of stress in relation to reducing or preventing teacher burnout. It aims to provide practical strategies for psychologists and counsellors in schools to empower teachers with coping strategies when encountering stress. What current research literature reveals about the effectiveness of resilience and mindfulness for supporting the wellbeing of preservice and inservice teachers is discussed. Overall, the research shows that practising mindfulness to build resilience is beneficial because it helps teachers focus on the present and improves attention, self-awareness and emotional regulation, which can reduce stress and enhance wellbeing. However, further empirical studies are needed to provide deeper insights of these benefits for teachers. Recommendations for psychologists and counsellors in supporting teachers on practising mindfulness and resilience are provided.

Teacher Stress: A Psychobiological Approach to Stressful Interactions in the Classroom

Teachers report elevated levels of stress and psychosomatic illnesses compared to other professions. Teacher stress has far-reaching consequences on their health outcomes, the student's motivation, and the economy. However, research on teacher stress relies mainly on self-reports, hence, assesses stress on purely subjective perception. Personal or subjective aspects can strongly influence these measures, and biological stress may even be unnoticed. It is, therefore, necessary to include both subjective and objective measures to investigate stress, preferably in real-life situations. This review aims to demonstrate the importance of a psychobiological ambulatory assessment (AA) approach to investigate teacher stress, in contrast to purely subjective measures. We discuss classroom disruptions as the primary stress factor within the classroom and how a multimethod AA approach using psychological measures while simultaneously recording classroom disruptions and biological stress reactions of teachers would enable a much deeper understanding of stressful transactional processes taking place in the classroom that has not been achieved before.

Association between student-teacher ratio and teachers’ working hours and workload stress: evidence from a nationwide survey in Japan

Background Too long work hours of Japanese school teachers, along with an increasing number of teachers taking leave due to mental illness, are well known and recognized as a serious social problem. In order to prevent the spread of COVID-19 by reducing the density in the classroom, the Japanese government has decided to reduce the upper-limit of class size in primary schools after 2021, which is expected to result in lowering the student-teacher ratio. The aim of this study was to examine the association between student-teacher ratio, teacher work hours and teacher stress. Methods Data on student-teacher ratio, teacher work hours, and teacher stress were obtained from a large-scale international survey conducted by OECD. The number of teachers participated in the survey was 3308 (primary school) and 3555 (lower-secondary school). After excluding teachers with missing observations, the analytic sample consisted of 2761 (primary school) and 3006 (lower-secondary school) teachers. Multivariate regression analysis was performed. Results Regression results revealed that student-teacher ratio was positively correlated with total work hours and workload stress of teachers. In particular, teachers working in schools with high student-teacher ratio spent more time on time-consuming tasks such as marking/correcting student work and communication with parents or guardians. The coefficient estimates suggested that, on average, lowering the student-teacher ratio by five in lower-secondary school was associated with 2.8 hours shorter working hours per week (p<0.001). Conclusion Our empirical results suggested that the class-size reduction policy starting in 2021 could reduce teacher stress and long work hours through the consequent decrease in student-teacher ratios.

Burnout: Hubungannya dengan Tekanan Kerja dalam kalangan Guru-Guru Pendidikan Jasmani Sekolah Menengah di Daerah Kota Kinabalu, Sabah

Tekanan kerja yang melampau perlu ditangani dengan cepat bagi mengelakkan berlakunya burnout dalam kalangan guru-guru di sekolah. Tujuan kajian ini dijalankan adalah untuk mengenal pasti tahap tekanan kerja dengan tahap burnout guru-guru Pendidikan Jasmani di Daerah Kota Kinabalu. Seterusnya kajian ini juga dijalankan bagi mengenal pasti hubungan antara tekanan kerja dengan burnout guru-guru Pendidikan Jasmani di Daerah Kota Kinabalu. Kajian ini menggunakan kajian tinjauan yang melibatkan seramai 136 orang guru Pendidikan Jasmani. Bagi memenuhi kehendak kajian ini, satu tinjauan menggunakan soal selidik diedarkan instrumen kajian digunakan Teacher Stress Inventory dan Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Data dianalisis menggunakan perisian Statistical Packages for Social Science (SPSS) versi 26.0. Hasil kajian menunjukkan tahap tekanan kerja berada pada tahap sederhana rendah. Tahap tekanan kerja bagi ketiga-tiga aspek iaitu kerenah pelajar, beban tugas, dan penghargaan berada pada tahap sederhana rendah manakala aspek kekangan masa mencatatkan tahap sederhana tinggi. Tahap burnout guru bagi sub skala keletihan emosi berada pada tahap rendah manakala sederhana tinggi bagi sub skala depersonalisasi dan lemah bagi sub skala pencapaian peribadi. Hasil kajian mendapati tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tekanan dengan sub skala burnout bagi keletihan emosi, depersonalisasi dan pencapaian peribadi.

A study of work stress and coping among primary school teachers in the Wellington region

This research examines the perception of work stress among primary school teachers in the Wellington region. Specifically, it focuses on the way teachers perceive work stress, the contributing factors and the coping strategies employed. Interpretative phenomenological analysis is the qualitative approach and methodology chosen to examine the way teachers make sense of their stress experiences. The educational sector in New Zealand has undergone enormous legislative and organisational change and in the recent past there have been nationwide primary school teacher strikes. While research on teacher stress in New Zealand in relation to the 1989 major reforms has been published, there has been little recent qualitative research on work stress in primary school teachers. This study shows that these teachers experience moderate to high levels of stress because of work overload, the multiplicity of sources of stress, the emotional demands of the role and the frustration and constraints they face in role performance. Even so, these teachers derive satisfaction from the core job of teaching and utilise positive coping strategies to manage their stress and work demands, with most of them intending to stay in the role. However, the sustainability of the role of teaching is a concern, as societal misperceptions about teaching and lack of respect for them pose challenges for those continuing in the profession long term. This study contributes to the base literature on teacher stress in the New Zealand context and offers recommendations for supporting the well-being of primary school teachers.

Job Stress in Physiotherapy Teachers During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Survey

Background: Stress can affect a person in every day of life, in work, home etc. all the jobs can cause stress in varying degree. Related to work, such as teaching and jobs can cause more stress. Teacher stress has been defined as the experience by a teacher of negative, unpleasant three emotions such as the tension, anger, and depression as a result of some aspect of their work as a teacher. Methodology: A simple random sampling of 500 participants were included all over the India, from which 211 participants responded through google forms that were created and distributed through various social media platforms. Participants were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and hence 197 participants were in total included in the study. The selected participants were asked to fill the Teacher’s Stress inventory scale. Data analysis which included summarizing the collected data, analytical and logical reasoning was done. Result: Using 5 point -Likert scale, the average of 1.0-2 was 6%, the average derived 2.1-3 was 45%, similar result was obtained for the range between 3.1-4, whereas for the average 4.1-5 only 4% was observed. On comparing the cumulative results amongst males and females along with its average of 3.14 and 3.08 respectively, no significant difference was observed, since the t-test value was 0.5295. The standard deviation seen was ±0.64 and ±0.48 in males and females respectively. Conclusion: After the application of Teacher Stress Inventory- Revised Scale amongst Indian physiotherapist teachers, this study concluded that on an average, the teachers experience stress quite often amid COVID-19 Pandemic. Although there wasn’t any significant gender wise difference. KEY WORDS: Job stress, Physiotherapy Teachers, COVID-19 Pandemic.