Study by Optical Spectroscopy of Bismuth Emission in a Nanosecond-Pulsed Discharge Created in Liquid Nitrogen

Time-resolved optical emission spectroscopy of nanosecond-pulsed discharges ignited in liquid nitrogen between two bismuth electrodes is used to determine the main discharge parameters (electron temperature, electron density and optical thickness). Nineteen lines belonging to the Bi I system and seven to the Bi II system could be recorded by directly plunging the optical fibre into the liquid in close vicinity to the discharge. The lack of data for the Stark parameters to evaluate the broadening of the Bi I lines was solved by taking advantage of the time-resolved information supported by each line to determine them. The electron density was found to decrease exponentially from 6.5 ± 1.5 × 1016 cm−3 200 ns after ignition to 1.0 ± 0.5 × 1016 cm−3 after 1050 ns. The electron temperature was found to be 0.35 eV, close to the value given by Saha’s equation.

A Computational Study of the Thermodynamic Conditions Leading to Autoignition in Nanosecond Pulsed Discharges

Nanosecond pulsed discharges have attracted the attention of engine manufacturers due to the possibility of attaining distributed ignition sites that accelerate burn rates while resulting in very little electrode erosion . Multidimensional modeling tools currently capture the electrical structure of such discharges accurately, but resolving the chemical structure remains a challenging problem owing to the disparity of time-scales in streamer propagation (nanoseconds) and ignition phenomena (microseconds). The purpose of this study is to extend multidimensional results towards resolving the chemical structure in the wake of streamers (or the afterglow) by using a batch reactor model. This can afford the use of very detailed chemical kinetic information. The full non-equilibrium nature of the electrons is taken into account, along with fast gas heating, shock wave propagation, and thermal diffusion. The results shed light on ignition phenomena brought about by such discharges.

Using a fiber optic sensor for registration of pulsed plasma discharge current

The problem of increasing the accuracy of recording the pulse shape of a rapidly changing current of a powerful plasma emitter under conditions of powerful electromagnetic interference is considered. To register high-current pulsed discharges, it is proposed to use a polarimetric fiber-optic current sensor based on a Spun-type fiber. Using the indicated current sensor, a technique for recording high-current pulsed discharges of a plasma emitter in the mode of time profiling of the current pulse of two high-voltage capacitive storage devices with a total energy of up to 1800 kJ is realized. The discharge chamber, power supply circuits, and the formation of a plasma discharge are described. The design and principle of operation of a prototype of a two-pass polarimetric fiberoptic sensor with a Spun-type fiber and a Faraday compensator of mutual optical anisotropy are presented. The general scheme of current measurements, the sensor calibration scheme is presented, and the experience of using a prototype sensor for measuring high-power pulse currents is described. The features of the preliminary calibration of the sensor are discussed. The results of measuring the current by optical and traditional recording methods based on the Rogowski coil and Hall sensors are compared with each other, and a noticeable increase in the accuracy of reproducing the current pulse shape by the optical recording method is noted. Possible options for upgrading a fiber-optic sensor to expand the range of current recording are considered.