Statistical analysis of pulsed discharges in dielectric liquid: effects of voltage amplitude, pulse width, electrode configuration, and liquid composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (48) ◽  
pp. 485201
Author(s):  
Naomi Bourbeau ◽  
Audren Dorval ◽  
Flavien Valensi ◽  
Ahmad Hamdan
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Pulse Width ◽  
Liquid Composition ◽  
Dielectric Liquid ◽  
Electrode Configuration ◽  
Voltage Amplitude ◽  
Pulsed Discharges

scholarly journals A statistical analysis of the nulling pulsar population

2021 ◽  
Vol 502 (4) ◽  
pp. 4669-4679
Author(s):  
Sofia Z Sheikh ◽  
Mariah G MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Pulse Width ◽  
Local Minimum ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Selection Effects ◽  
Clustering Methods ◽  
Pulsar Emission ◽  
Spin Period ◽  
Null State ◽  
Linear Correlations

ABSTRACT Approximately 8 per cent of the ∼2800 known pulsars exhibit ‘nulling,’ a temporary broad-band cessation of normal pulsar emission. Nulling behaviour can be coarsely quantified by the nulling fraction, which describes the percentage of time a given pulsar will be found in a null state. In this paper, we perform the most thorough statistical analysis thus far of the properties of 141 known nulling pulsars. We find weak, non-linear correlations between nulling fraction and pulse width, as well as nulling fraction and spin period which could be attributed to selection effects. We also further investigate a recently hypothesized gap at 40 per cent nulling fraction. While a local minimum does exist in the distribution, we cannot confirm a consistent and unique break in the distribution when we investigate with univariate and multivariate clustering methods, nor can we prove the existence of two statistically distinct populations about this minimum. Using the same methods, we find that nulling pulsars are a statistically different population from normal, radio, non-nulling pulsars, which has never been quantitatively verified. In addition, we summarize the findings of the prior nulling pulsar statistics literature, which are notoriously contradictory. This study, in context, furthers the idea that nulling fraction alone does not contain enough information to describe the behaviour of a nulling pulsar and that other parameters such as null lengths and null randomness, in addition to a better understanding of selection effects, are required to fully understand this phenomenon.

scholarly journals Influence of air flow parameters on nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharges in a pin-annular electrode configuration

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (15) ◽  
pp. 155205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvain A Heitz ◽  
Jonas P Moeck ◽  
Thierry Schuller ◽  
Denis Veynante ◽  
Deanna A Lacoste
Keyword(s):  
Air Flow ◽  
Electrode Configuration ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
Pulsed Discharges

scholarly journals A Simulation of the Effects of Varying Repetition Rate and Pulse Width of Nanosecond Discharges on Premixed Lean Methane-Air Combustion

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moon Soo Bak ◽  
Mark A. Cappelli
Keyword(s):  
Repetition Rate ◽  
Pulse Width ◽  
Electronic States ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Kinetic Simulation ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Pulsed Discharges

Two-dimensional kinetic simulation has been carried out to investigate the effects of repetition rate and pulse width of nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharges on stabilizing premixed lean methane-air combustion. The repetition rate and pulse width are varied from 10 kHz to 50 kHz and from 9 ns to 2 ns while the total power is kept constant. The lower repetition rates provide larger amounts of radicals such as O, H, and OH. However, the effect on stabilization is found to be the same for all of the tested repetition rates. The shorter pulse width is found to favor the production of species in higher electronic states, but the varying effects on stabilization are also found to be small. Our results indicate that the total deposited power is the critical element that determines the extent of stabilization over this range of discharge properties studied.

Transesophageal Atrial Pacing-Stimulation and Discomfort Thresholds: The Role of Electrode Configuration and Pulse Width

1991 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1359-1366 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAN C.J. RES ◽  
RUURD J. WOERSEM ◽  
EGBART DEKKER ◽  
AREND J. DUNNING
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Width ◽  
Electrode Configuration ◽  
Atrial Pacing

scholarly journals Effects of Pulsed Electric Field on the Cell Wall and Infection Activity of Rhizoctonia solani

Biology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Feng ◽  
He ◽  
Pan ◽  
Xu ◽  
Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Pulse Width ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Pulsed Electric Field ◽  
Pulse Voltage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Voltage Amplitude ◽  
Polygalacturonase Activity

This paper adopts the Design-Expert software to design an orthogonal experiment with a pulse voltage amplitude of 30 kV, processing time of three minutes, and a pulse width of 45 μs as the center points, in order to study the effects of the pulsed electric field on the cell wall and infection activity of Rhizoctonia solani. High-voltage pulse power was used to treat the bacteria solution with the pulsed electric field. Untreated Rhizoctonia solani were used as the control group. Transmission electron microscope images were used to analyze the cell wall damage. ANOVA was performed on the experimental results and the fitting degree of the model was good (F>>1). Response surface analysis was used to optimize the parameters based on chitin content and polygalacturonase activity. The optimal treatment conditions were obtained as a pulse voltage amplitude of 25 kV, processing time of 2.54 min, and a pulse width of 34.35 μs. On this basis, experiments were designed to verify the optimized conditions. The results demonstrated that, under the optimal processing conditions, the damage index of the cell wall of Rhizoctonia solani was 9.59% lower in chitin content and 83.05% lower in polygalacturonase activity compared with those of the control group. All indexes were significantly different (P < 0.001), which is consistent with the parameter optimization results. The results provide a theoretical basis for the pulsed electric field assisted sterilization and reference for the design of plant protection machinery in the latter stage.

Statistical analysis of classification

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 188-189
Author(s):  
T. J. Deeming
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Analytical Procedure ◽  
Narrow Band ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
Amount Of Information

If we make a set of measurements, such as narrow-band or multicolour photo-electric measurements, which are designed to improve a scheme of classification, and in particular if they are designed to extend the number of dimensions of classification, i.e. the number of classification parameters, then some important problems of analytical procedure arise. First, it is important not to reproduce the errors of the classification scheme which we are trying to improve. Second, when trying to extend the number of dimensions of classification we have little or nothing with which to test the validity of the new parameters.Problems similar to these have occurred in other areas of scientific research (notably psychology and education) and the branch of Statistics called Multivariate Analysis has been developed to deal with them. The techniques of this subject are largely unknown to astronomers, but, if carefully applied, they should at the very least ensure that the astronomer gets the maximum amount of information out of his data and does not waste his time looking for information which is not there. More optimistically, these techniques are potentially capable of indicating the number of classification parameters necessary and giving specific formulas for computing them, as well as pinpointing those particular measurements which are most crucial for determining the classification parameters.

Quantitative parallel EELS spectrum imaging developed as a new tool in AEM

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1202-1203
Author(s):  
Gianluigi Botton ◽  
Gilles L'espérance
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Personal Computer ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
Present Author ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Detection Limits ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Quantitative Performance ◽  
Spectrum Imaging

As interest for parallel EELS spectrum imaging grows in laboratories equipped with commercial spectrometers, different approaches were used in recent years by a few research groups in the development of the technique of spectrum imaging as reported in the literature. Either by controlling, with a personal computer both the microsope and the spectrometer or using more powerful workstations interfaced to conventional multichannel analysers with commercially available programs to control the microscope and the spectrometer, spectrum images can now be obtained. Work on the limits of the technique, in terms of the quantitative performance was reported, however, by the present author where a systematic study of artifacts detection limits, statistical errors as a function of desired spatial resolution and range of chemical elements to be studied in a map was carried out The aim of the present paper is to show an application of quantitative parallel EELS spectrum imaging where statistical analysis is performed at each pixel and interpretation is carried out using criteria established from the statistical analysis and variations in composition are analyzed with the help of information retreived from t/γ maps so that artifacts are avoided.

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