Effect of submerged body shape upon its movement pattern near free surface

Object and purpose of research. This paper discusses the tests with submerged models of different shape moving near the free surface in the test tank. The purpose of the study was to determine how relative vertical displacement and crosssection shape lift of submerged body depend on the speed of its movement at different immersion depths. Materials and methods. Model test procedure, techniques and results of model. Numerical simulation was performed in ANSYS software package. Main results. Experimental and theoretical study on cross-section shape effect of submerged body upon its wave generation, vertical lift and movement pattern near free surface. Conclusion. The results of this research will be useful for further work towards greater horizontal movement stability of submerged body at various speeds depending on its hull shape and immersion depth.

Seismic-Scale Evidence of Thrust-Perpendicular Normal Faulting in the Western Outer Carpathians, Poland

Based on the interpretation of 2D seismic profiles integrated with surface geological investigations, a mechanism responsible for the formation of a large scale normal fault zone has been proposed. The fault, here referred to as the Rycerka Fault, has a predominantly normal dip-slip component with the detachment surface located at the base of Carpathian units. The fault developed due to the formation of an anticlinal stack within the Dukla Unit overlain by the Magura Units. Stacking of a relatively narrow duplex led to the growth of a dome-like culmination in the lower unit, i.e., the Dukla Unit, and, as a consequence of differential uplift of the unit above and outside the duplex, the upper unit (the Magura Unit) was subjected to stretching. This process invoked normal faulting along the lateral culmination wall and was facilitated by the regional, syn-thrusting arc–parallel extension. Horizontal movement along the fault plane is a result of tear faulting accommodating a varied rate of advancement of Carpathian units. The time of the fault formation is not well constrained; however, based on superposition criterion, the syn -thrusting origin is anticipated.

Dynamic Analysis of the Complex Motion of Three-Section Cudgel in Wushu Sports

Purpose: To provide some suggestions on how to effectively master these movements during training. Methods: The dynamics method and ABAQUS simulation analysis were used to analyze the two technical movements of the three-section cudgels: wrestling cudgels and retrieving cudgels. Results: In the process of wrestling the cudgel, the best effect is achieved when the height of the cudgel holding hand is between 70 cm and 80 cm from the ground. The maximum height of the rebound was very similar with different initial angular velocities, at 4.5–9 cm. The initial angular velocities caused significant impact to the horizontal movement of cudgel at 8 s. By excluding the errors, the horizontal movement of cudgel increased approximately linearly with the increase of the initial angular velocity. Conclusions: When the height between held cudgel and the ground was controlled at 1.5 times the height of the middle section, the rebound of the tail section was the least. When completing the movement of three-section cudgel, the cudgel body should be in the same plane perpendicular to the ground and to better retrieve the three-section cudgel. The main factor affecting the cudgel wrestling was the height between the cudgel holder and the ground.

Language of Space in Live of Saint Erasmus

The article is devoted to the consideration of the category of space in the Old Russian text. The text of the live of Erasmus was used for analysis. The novelty of the work lies in the reference to the text of the monument, in which the category of space was not previously considered. The research is based on nominative vocabulary with spatial meaning. In the course of consideration, various types of spaces in the live were identified: real-geographical, urban, sacred, biblical, symbolic. The axiological attitude of the genre becomes important for understanding space in live: space is interpreted in a religious-symbolic way. It is showed in the article that the living space is built horizontally and vertically. It is emphasized that the horizontal movement of the hero reflects the movement of the hero in the geographic space. The path is understood both literally and metaphorically. Particular attention is paid to the opposition of the top and bottom that is significant for the text of the live: the top is associated with the divine, the bottom is associated with the concept of the devil. It shows how the biblical space is created by references to the biblical text. The symbolic space is also associated with vertical opposition and has a religious and ethical interpretation: the image of the city of the saint appears, intended for the righteous. The axiological attitude is also reflected in the transformation of space or its overcoming when describing some miracles in the text.

Three-Dimensional Surface Deformation Characteristics Based on Time Series InSAR and GPS Technologies in Beijing, China

Excessive exploitation of the groundwater has resulted in obvious three-dimensional (3D) deformation features on the surface of the Beijing Plain. This paper, by combining Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) and Global Positioning System (GPS) technologies, has obtained time-series information of the 3D surface deformation in the Beijing Plain, analyzing its spatial distribution characteristics. On this basis, the relationship between different controlling factors with the 3D deformation of the surface has been analyzed as well. The following results are obtained: (1) From 2013 to 2018, the land subsidence, which generally showed the trend of slowing down, was mainly concentrated in the eastern, northern, and southern regions of Beijing Plain, with multiple subsidence centers. (2) Under the International Terrestrial Reference Frame 2005 (ITRF2005), the horizontal direction of all GPS points in the plain is basically the same, with the dominant movement direction being NE112.5°~NE113.8°. Under the Eurasian reference frame, the horizontal movement rate of GPS points significantly decreases. The movement rate and direction of each point are not characteristic of overall trend activity. (3) The distribution and extent of the 3D surface deformation in the Beijing Plain are controlled by the basement structure. Part of the subsided area corresponds to a Quaternary depression formed at the junction of active faults disrupting the area. Similarly, the distribution of horizontal deformation in the E-W and N-S directions of the plain is controlled by the regional basement structure comprising major faults bounding horizontal deformation. (4) Groundwater exploitation is the main cause of the 3D surface deformation in the Beijing Plain. The groundwater funnels of the second and third confined aquifer are in suitable agreement with the land subsidence. The horizontal movement in the Beijing Plain is either directed toward the center of the groundwater or the land subsidence funnel, and the deformation is directed from areas with higher to areas with lower groundwater levels.

Safe Transportation of Nuclear Fuel Assemblies by Means of Wheeled Robotic Platforms

Certain engineering problems concerning safety of the technological operations of the horizontal transportation of nuclear fuel within the enterprises’ sites were considered. Taking into account current trends in the introduction of robotic systems to reduce the impact of hazardous nuclear materials on personnel, the issue of automated control of the movement of the wheeled robotic platform, which can be used for horizontal transportation of nuclear fuel was studied. The major attention was paid to minimizing the transportation loads on nuclear fuel by means of decreasing the accelerations under its horizontal movement on the robotic wheeled transportation platform, which is a separate issue of the comprehensive safety problem of nuclear materials management. The research of horizontal movement safety of nuclear fuel by means of the robotic wheeled platforms was limited to defining transportation accelerations and was performed by computer simulations using mathematical models of dynamics and electro-mechanics. The mathematical model of the robotic transport wheeled platform loaded with nuclear fuel with the on-board accelerometer ensuring the required measurements necessary for an automated safe movement control system was built in the form of the Lagrange equations of the second kind and the electro-mechanics equations of the direct current electric motors. The issue of ensuring smooth running during the displacement of a wheeled platform loaded with nuclear fuel was investigated, since especially in this mode the maximum accelerations are observed, which can lead to nuclear fuel damage. Computer simulation was performed using free Scilab software with open program code. It was demonstrated that due to the proper choice of the time algorithm of the voltage of electric motors, it is possible to ensure a small acceleration during the displacement of a robotic wheeled transport platform loaded with nuclear fuel. The obtained result substantiated the possibility of safe horizontal transportation of nuclear fuel on robotic wheeled platforms within the territories of enterprises, which will significantly reduce the harmful impact of hazardous nuclear materials on industrial personnel.