Research of antiulcer activity of dietary concentrate of phenolic compounds of apples on models of experimental ulcer in rats.

Medicinal plants have been widely used in the treatment of many diseases, especially in the gastroenterology, given that the use of synthetic antiulcer drugs in clinical practice often leads to the development of various kinds of side effects and, accordingly, have a large list of contraindications. The aim of this experimental work was the study of the antiulcer activity of the food concentrate of phenolic compounds of apples on the models of experimental ulcers in rats. Materials and methods. The studies included two stages, which were carried out on models: stage I – a model of alcohol–prednisolone stomach ulcer in rats, stage II – a model of indomethacin stomach ulcer in rats in accordance with the methodological recommendations of the SEC of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine. The studied concentrate was administered in a dose based on the total content of polyphenols – 9 mg per 100 g of weight. Quercetin at a dose of 5 mg / kg and ranitidine at a dose of 20 mg / kg were used as reference drugs. After replicating the models, a macroscopic examination of the gastric mucosa was carried out and the content of TBA-reactants and reduced glutathione in the stomach homogenate was determined. Results. Under pathological conditions, the therapeutic effect of the food concentrate of phenolic compounds of apples and reference drugs was comparable in terms of the degree of ulcer defect. It was proved that food concentrate of phenolic compounds of apples and reference drugs inhibit the course of lipid peroxidation reactions and support endogenous antioxidant defense systems. Conclusions. The obtained results make it possible to recommend a further study of the food concentrate of phenolic compounds of apples for the creation of a pharmaceutical preparation on its basis. A promising area of application of this concentrate will be the prevention and treatment of gastric ulcer

Immunotropic effect of rectal suppositories with vitamin D3 in dynamics of experimental ulcer colitis

Purpose of the study—to develop a new dosage form—rectal suppositories with vitamin D3 and at the preclinical stage to analyze its clinical and immunological efficacy compared to 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) in the dynamics of experimental ulcerative colitis (UC) in rats.Materials and methods. UC was simulated by cutaneous and then rectal application of a 3% solution of oxazolone. Original rectal suppositories with 1500ME of vitamin D3 were administered per rectum every 12 hours, in the comparison group with the same interval, rectal suppositories with 50 mg of 5-ASA. To assess the clinical status, the Disease activity index (DAI) scale was used, the serum concentration of IgG, IgM, IL-6, IL-8 was determined by the enzyme immunoassay using rat-specific test systems on days 2 and 6 of the experiment.The results of the study. In experimental UC, DAI rises, and the concentration of IgG, IgM, IL-8 and IL-6 in serum increases on the 2nd and 6th day of the experiment. DAI increases as serum concentrations of IgG, IgM, IL-8 and IL-6 increase. The use of vitamin D3 in UC leads to a decrease in DAI and serum concentrations of IgG, IgM, IL-8, IL-6 mainly on the 6th day of observation. The use of rectal suppositories with 5-ASA in UC leads to a decrease in DAI and the concentration of IgM, IgG, IL-6, IL-8 on the 2nd and 6th day of observation.Conclusion. The efficacy of rectal suppositories containing 1500 IU of vitamin D3 in experimental UC was found to be comparable with the use of rectal suppositories with 5-ASA based on the assessment of the clinical status and serum concentration of IgM, IgG, IL-6, IL-8.

Morphological features of the regeneration of venous trophic ulcers with the use of cord blood stem cells in the experiment

Venous hypertension, which underlies the development of trophic disorders, initiates a complete cascade of pathological reactions at the molecular, cellular and tissue levels. Objectives – on our own model of the trophic ulcer, combined with venous hypertension, we investigated the processes occurring on the histological and immunohistochemical levels before and after stem cells of cord blood transplantation. Descriptive method for coloring histological sections, histochemical method for collagen fibers and fibrin, the immunohistochemical method for the detection of vimentin and the Villebrand factor and elements of morphometry were used. A comparative description of the morphological processes occurring in the treatment of the ulcerative defect of the soft tissues of the limbs on the background of chronic venous insufficiency after the transplantation and without the transplantation of stem cells of the cord blood was carried out. Experimental ulcer defects in the control of animals significantly decreased, some were completely healed. In the experimental group of animals ulcerative defects were healed in all cases. So, the application of stem cells of cord blood in a trophic ulcer of venous genesis leads to improved regeneration by accelerating the processes of differentiation of mesenchymal cells, activating the processes of angiogenesis, accelerating the maturation of the fibrous component of the stroma. The results of the study can serve as the basis for further study of the healing of ulcerative defect on the background of transplantation of cord blood cells and the development of new methods for complex treatment of patients with chronic venous ulcers.

Gastroprotective and antielastase effects of protein inhibitors from Erythrina velutina seeds in an experimental ulcer model

Trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitors from Erythrina velutina seeds have been previously isolated by our group. In previous studies using a sepsis model, we demonstrated the antitumor and anti-inflammatory action of these compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the gastroprotective and antielastase effects of protein inhibitors from E. velutina seeds in an experimental stress-induced ulcer model. Two protein isolates from E. velutina seeds, with antitrypsin (PIAT) and antichymotrypsin (PIAQ) activities, were tested. Both protein isolates showed a high affinity and inhibitory effect against human neutrophil elastase, with 84% and 85% inhibition, respectively. Gastric ulcer was induced using ethanol (99%) in 6 groups of animals (female Wistar rats, n = 6). Before ulcer induction, these animals were treated for 5 days with one of the following: (1) PIAT (0.2 mg·kg−1), (2) PIAT (0.4 mg·kg−1), (3) PIAQ (0.035 mg·kg−1), (4) ranitidine hydrochloride (50 mg·kg−1), (5) saline solution (0.9%), or (6) no intervention (sham). Both PIAT and PIAQ protected gastric mucosa, preventing hemorrhagic lesions, edema, and mucus loss. No histologic toxic effects of PIAT or PIAQ were seen in liver and pancreatic cells. Our results show that protein isolates from E. velutina seeds have potential gastroprotective effects, placing these compounds as natural candidates for gastric ulcer prevention.