Congenital malformations and minor anomalies in newborns depending on the type of resolved infertility and health of the parents

Introduction. The use of sisted reproductive technologies has had sufficient experience to reduce the risks associated with the technologies themselves. But pediatricians remain concerned about the health of children born from induced pregnancies because of the influence of the parents’ initial health on perinatal outcomes. Congenital malformations remain socially significant, the risk of which may be higher for children from induced pregnancy.Objective: to evaluate the effect of initial parental health and the methods of assisted reproductive technology used on the formation of congenital malformations and minor anomalies in children from singleton induced pregnancies.Materials and Methods. A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data on live-born children from singleton induced pregnancy born at the Avicenna Medical Center (Novosibirsk) over the period from 2007 to 2017 (n = 409). The reproductive, somatic, and infectious history of the parents and the methods of assisted reproductive technology used were assessed. Parental fertility treatment up to childbirth was performed in the same center, which ensured complete continuity of follow-up. Differences between the groups of children from SIP with and without congenital anomalies were determined using Pearson’s chi-squared test.Results and discussion. We found that children with congenital malformations and minor anomalies were more often born as a result of subsequent pregnancies; thawed embryos transferred at the blastocyst stage were used in assisted reproductive technology programs (p < 0.05); exacerbations of herpes type 2 infection were diagnosed during the current pregnancy (p < 0.05). In the group of children with only CM, the parents had a longer history of infertility (8.3 ± 1.2) years; pregnancy was achieved by transferring fresh embryos at the blastocyst stage (in 68.2% of cases). In the group of children without congenital malformations and minor anomalies, the maternal infectious history was more severe: there were significantly more frequent cases of urogenital infections (p < 0.05) and exacerbations of herpes simplex virus type 1 during pregnancy (p < 0.05).Conclusion. A set of measures aimed at an earlier solution of the infertility problem is necessary for the primary prevention of congenital abnormalities associated with the age and duration of parental infertility.

Evaluation of different grafting materials for alveolar cleft repair in the context of orthodontic tooth movement in rats

To minimize the postoperative risks posed by grafting autologous transplants for cleft repair, efforts are being made to improve grafting materials for use as potential alternatives. The aim of this study was to compare the bone graft quality of different bone substitutes including the gold standard autografts during the healing processes after cleft repair in the context of orthodontic treatment. In 21 Wistar rats, a complete, continuity-interrupting cleft was created. After 4 weeks, cleft repair was performed using autografts from the hips’ ischial tuberosity, human xenografts, or synthetic bone substitutes [beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/hydroxyapatite (HA)]. After another 4 weeks, the first molar movement was initiated in the reconstructed jaw for 8 weeks. The bone remodeling was analyzed in vivo using micro-computed tomography (bone mineral density and bone volume fraction) and histology (new bone formation). All the grafting materials were statistically different in bone morphology, which changed during the treatment period. The β-TCP/HA substitute demonstrated less resorption compared to the autologous and xenogeneic/human bone, and the autografts led to a stronger reaction in the surrounding bone. Histologically, the highest level of new bone formation was found in the human xenografts, and the lowest was found in the β-TCP/HA substitute. The differences between the two bone groups and the synthetic materials were statistically significant. Autografts were confirmed to be the gold standard in cleft repair with regard to graft integration. However, parts of the human xenograft seemed comparable to the autografts. Thus, this substitute could perhaps be used as an alternative after additional tissue-engineered modification.

TO EXISTENCE OF COMPLETELY CONTINUOUS DIFFERENTIAL REALIZATION SECOND ORDER BILINEAR SYSTEM

For a continuous nonlinear infinite-dimensional behavioristic system (dynamical system of J. Willems), a functional-geometric study of the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of six non-stationary coefficients-operators of the model of bilinear differential realization of this system in the class of second-order differential equations in a separable Hilbert space is carried out. The case is investigated when the simulated operators are burdened with a condition that ensures the complete continuity of the integral form of the equations of realization in the entropy setting.

Iterative Positive Solutions to a Coupled Hadamard-Type Fractional Differential System on Infinite Domain with the Multistrip and Multipoint Mixed Boundary Conditions

This paper is devoted to the existence of positive solutions for a nonlinear coupled Hadamard fractional differential system, with multistrip and multipoint mixed boundary conditions on an infinite interval. Based on the Arzelá-Ascoli theorem, we establish an important lemma to prove the complete continuity of operators on the infinite interval. Using the monotone iterative technique, the existence criteria for positive extremal solutions can be acquired, and an example is given to illustrate the feasibility of the above study as well.

Ancient mitogenomes show plateau populations from last 5200 years partially contributed to present-day Tibetans

The clarification of the genetic origins of present-day Tibetans requires an understanding of their past relationships with the ancient populations of the Tibetan Plateau. Here we successfully sequenced 67 complete mitochondrial DNA genomes of 5200 to 300-year-old humans from the plateau. Apart from identifying two ancient plateau lineages (haplogroups D4j1b and M9a1a1c1b1a) that suggest some ancestors of Tibetans came from low-altitude areas 4750 to 2775 years ago and that some were involved in an expansion of people moving between high-altitude areas 2125 to 1100 years ago, we found limited evidence of recent matrilineal continuity on the plateau. Furthermore, deep learning of the ancient data incorporated into simulation models with an accuracy of 97% supports that present-day Tibetan matrilineal ancestry received partial contribution rather than complete continuity from the plateau populations of the last 5200 years.

HÁ MEMÓRIA POLÍTICA NA BAIXADA FLUMINENSE? MEMÓRIAS DE UM TERRITÓRIO EM DISPUTA POR UM PRESENTE

Resumo: O presente artigo busca propor uma reflexão sobre a memória política na Baixada Fluminense – território integrante da região metropolitana do Estado do Rio de Janeiro –, considerando os postulados elencados por Lifschitz para tal conceito e a atividade recente de coletivos culturais na região. A proposta nasce de uma inquietação resultante de pesquisa anterior, realizada por Silva (2014), na qual, como conclusão, pouco se percebeu continuidade e ancoragem de iniciativas contemporâneas na trajetória de movimentos passados. Para o alcance do objetivo delineado, é primeiramente apresentada, com brevidade, a história local, bem como sua associação com a violência e a atuação como resistência. Em seguida, desenvolve-se o conceito de memória política para, enfim, correlaciona-lo com a proposição de releitura por meio do esquecimento pensado por Nietzsche, que serve à vida. Conclui-se com a ideia de que – apesar de diferenças que a fazem escapar, por vezes, do enquadramento no conceito em si – a Baixada Fluminense possui uma memória política em formação, que responde a um espectro não definido justamente porque encontra no presente novos contornos, mas que, entretanto, permanece ali impelindo movimentos, como os coletivos, à ações no espaço público revestidas de intencionalidades.Palavras-chave: Memória política. Baixada Fluminense. Cultura. Coletivo. Memória e esquecimento.Abstract: This paper proposes a reflection on the political memory in the Baixada Fluminense - an integral territory of the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro State -, considering the postulates listed by Lifschitz for such concept and the recent activity of cultural collectives in this region. The proposal rises from a concern resulting from previous research by Silva (2014), which, did not perceived complete continuity and anchoring of contemporary initiatives in the trajectory of past movements. In order to reach the objective outlined, the local history is first briefly presented, as well as its association with violence and acting as resistance. Then the concept of political memory is developed to finally correlate it with the proposition of rereading through the oblivion, by Nietzsche, which serves life. It concludes with the idea that – despite the differences that sometimes make it escape the framing of the concept itself - Baixada Fluminense has a political memory in formation, which responds to an undefined spectrum precisely because it finds in the present new but, however, it remains there impelling movements, like the collective ones, to actions in the public space with intentionalities.Keywords: Political memory Baixada Fluminense. Culture. Collective. Memory and oblivion.

On a Non-linear Boundary-Layer Problem for the Fractional Blasius-Type Equation

In this paper, we consider a non-linear sequential differential equation with Caputo fractional derivative of Blasius type and we reduce the problem to the equivalent non-linear integral equation. We prove the complete continuity of the non-linear integral operator. The theorem on the existence of a solution of the problem for the Blasius equation of fractional order is also proved.

‘Che soave zeffiretto’ and the Structure of Act 3 of Le nozze di Figaro

ABSTRACT‘Che soave zeffiretto’, the letter duettino sung by the Countess and Susanna in Le nozze di Figaro, has achieved iconic status as a perfect example of the transcendental beauty of Mozart's music. An examination of the extant sources suggests that the composer and his librettist regarded it as a key moment in the opera: the crux of a developing relationship between the two women. A late change of plan over its location led to a reconfiguration of Act 3, resulting in the minor inconsistencies that Robert Moberly and Christopher Raeburn sought to explain in their celebrated double-casting hypothesis. The various versions of the text and a complete continuity draft of the score reveal the meticulous craftsmanship that went into its creation, in particular the development of its comedic potential as a vaudeville.