Physicomechanical characterization and wood machining from 10 12-year-old Hevea progeny clones with potential for furniture

The objective of this work was to evaluate the physical, mechanical, and wood machining properties of 10 clonal progenies with 12 years of age aiming to produce furniture. A total of 10 progenies and three trees per progenies were used, totalling 30 trees analyzed. The basic density ranged from 0.404 g.cm-3 (IAC 301) to 0.495 g.cm-3 (IAC 326), being it considered a light wood. The anisotropy coefficient values ranged from 1.05 (IAC 40) to 1.68 (PB 330) considered low to medium dimensional instability allowing the use of wood to produce furniture with low dimensional movements. In the compression test most clones fall under class C30. For MOR and MOE, it was observed greater values for IAC 326 (11666 MPa) and GT1 (9575 MPa). In wood machining tests, slightly raised large and few defects on the surface, being them considered easy to work. The results obtained for Hevea brasiliensis, 12 years old, allow us to affirm that wood from a younger age is an alternative for furniture production and will consequently contribute to the reduction of the exploitation and degradation of native forests in Brazil for this purpose.

Spatial Location and the State of Timber Industry Enterprises in the Soviet Union by the End of the First Five-Year Plan

In the period of New Economic Policy in the USSR industrialization issues became very topical. In timber industry complex, the solutions were related to the development of forested areas in Northeastern regions of the country as well as to the construction and reconstruction of enterprises. The article provides the first-time analysis of maps and forest industry location, based on the results of the First Five-Year Plan published in the atlas “The Industry in the USSR and the beginning of the Second Five-Year Plan“ and statistical collection materials ”Social Construction of the USSR”. The analysis was made in order to define the situation in the industry, the main directions of production as well as the regional specificities. Using the example of wood machining sphere the author presents the analysis of enterprise groups according to different criteria. The research resulted in conclusions about highest intensity of enterprise reconstruction and construction in timber sawing, in furniture industry and intra-sectoral combination. In timber industry, the majority of enterprises were small and middle companies, which greatly contributed to its development. Regional specificities of timber industry location included concentration of main facilities in northwestern, western and central parts of the country, in the Volga region and in Ural. However only several regions had developed wood machining and deep processing spheres, such as Leningrad oblast, the Gorky Krai, Belarusian and the Ukrainian Soviet Republics.

The oxidation of WC-Co knives in wood extract

The oxidation of WC-Co knives in wood extract. The virgin WC-Co knives for wood machining and those implanted with Mg, Cr, Zn and Ni were corroded in pH 4 wood extract. A change of oxygen content throughout the experiment was determined using EDS method. The obtained results suggest a passivation of the corroded WC-Co material implanted with selected elements.

Production systems in primary education

In the article I try to present the contents of production systems (general theoretical starting points and concrete examples from practice) in connection with the contents of the Slovenian primary school curriculum in the subject Technic and Technology and its elective subjects (Processing of materials - wood). I sought these connections mainly from the curriculum in the primary school curriculum, which relates to learning about wood, wood semi-finished products, wood machining and tried to connect them with the previously mentioned contents of production systems and thus give students a broader insight into such content.

Keragaan Permesinan dan Keteguhan Rekat Kayu Jati Cepat Tumbuh Terdensifikasi

The objective of this study was to analyze machining performance (characteristic and quality), as well as bonding quality of densified wood, and then compared to those of un-treated (control) wood and boron-treated wood. Characteristic and quality of machining properties were directly evaluated by qualified technician during processing, while bonding quality was evaluated through its shear strength. The results showed that densification employed was able to improve machining performance and bonding quality of the 5-year-old faster-grown teakwood. Compared to control wood and boron-treated wood, machining performances of densified teakwood are greater, while bonding quality increased by 18.79 and 26.86%, respectively. The surface became much fine and even, and has similar colour to older teakwood. Analysis hierarchy process (AHP) proves that densified teakwood is the best raw material for furniture manufacturing since its machining performances, appearance, colour, and bonding quality are better either than control wood or boron-treated wood. Keywords: AHP, bonding quality, densification, faster-grown teakwood, machining performance

En route to intelligent wood machining – current situation and future perspectives

Wood materials are an important part of our daily life. Besides furniture, doors and window elements, parquet floors, veneering, ply wood, chip- and fibreboards, also structural elements for buildings are typical products. Due to the specific properties, variety and complexity of natural wood, wood materials and wood composites, the machining of parts made out of these materials exhibits specific challenges. In order to further improve productivity, quality and efficiency in wood machining, innovative solutions with respect to tool technology, process planning, machinery, process monitoring and intelligent control are necessary. This keynote paper reviews and summarizes scientific developments in wood machining in recent years. Furthermore, exemplary current an ongoing research activities are introduced. Finally, the paper presents and discusses future potentials regarding new approaches for intelligent process control in wood machining.