Students’ entrepreneurial behaviour – An eight-construct scale validation: A scale adaptation study

Entrepreneurship, especially among university students, measuring perception/tendency has been very popular in recent years due to reasons such as the importance of the subject, research applicability, reaching the target audience and relatively low research costs. In this context, it emphasises that the willingness, determination and predisposition of young people who will enter the business life to make a new venture and do their own business and their career planning are also important for entrepreneurial tendencies. In the context of this study, an adaptation study of the relevant scale developed by Schmidt Bohnenberger, Panizzon, Marcon, Toivonen and Lampinen into Turkish was carried out in order to determine undergraduate students’ entrepreneurial behaviour. The validity and reliability studies of the scale were carried out with the participation of 185 undergraduate students studying in different departments. Exploratory factor analysis was used to serve structure validity. At the end of the study, a seven-dimensional scale consisting of 40 items explaining 89.62% of the total variance was obtained. The internal consistency coefficient of the scale calculated with Cronbach’s alpha was 0.95. As a result, it contributed to the field by introducing a scale with proven reliability and validity. Keywords: Entrepreneurship behaviour, undergraduate students, scale adaptation, validity–reliability.

How adaptation, training, and customization contribute to benefits from exoskeleton assistance

Exoskeletons can enhance human mobility, but we still know little about why they are effective. For example, we do not know the relative importance of training, how much is required, or what type is most effective; how people adapt with the device; or the relative benefits of customizing assistance. We conducted experiments in which naive users learned to walk with ankle exoskeletons under one of three training regimens characterized by different levels of variation in device behavior. Assistance was also customized for one group. Following moderate-variation training, the benefits of customized assistance were large; metabolic rate was reduced by 39% compared to walking with the exoskeleton turned off. Training contributed about half of this benefit and customization about one quarter; a generic controller reduced energy cost by 10% before training and 31% afterwards. Training required much more exposure than typical of exoskeleton studies, about 109 minutes of assisted walking. Type of training also had a strong effect; the low-variation group required twice as long as the moderate-variation group to become expert, while the high-variation group never acquired this level of expertise. Curiously, all users adapted in a way that resulted in less mechanical power from the exoskeleton as they gained expertise. Customizing assistance required less time than training for all parameters except peak torque magnitude, which grew slowly over the study, suggesting a longer time-scale adaptation in the person. These results underscore the importance of training to the benefits of exoskeleton assistance and suggest the topic deserves more attention.

Fish Tracking Based on Feature Fusion and Scale Adaptation in a Real-World Underwater Environment

Fish tracking is an important component of analyzing fish behavior and estimating fish population density. Due to the high degree of freedom of fish motion as well as the complex natural underwater environment, most existing object tracking methods are not ideal for fish tracking. In this paper, a fish tracking method based on feature fusion and scale adaptation is proposed, which is built on a kernelized correlation filter (KCF) to achieve accurate and rapid tracking. The proposed method mainly focuses on feature selection and scale estimation in the KCF framework. In feature selection, the color-naming feature and the histogram of oriented gradients feature are fused to improve the fish appearance model and reduce the influence of the high degree of freedom of fish motion and the complex natural underwater environment. In the scale estimation, an adaptive scale estimation scheme is employed to adapt the fish scale variation by learning a 1-D scale correlation filter. The experimental results show that the proposed method is effective and accurate for fish tracking in real-world underwater environments.

Polish Adaptation of Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire For Older Persons (MSQFOP)

The article outlines the results of academic endeavors to develop a Polish adaptation of Stephen Haynes’ and colleagues Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire For Older Persons (MSQFOP). The results obtained using the Polish version are comparable to those obtained using the original research instrument, which proves that the Polish MSQFOP scale adaptation can be successfully used for research purposes. The scale consists of 24 items covering four dimensions: Communication and expression of feelings, Sex life, Health and Affiliation. The scale testing procedure involved a research sample consisting of 832 people. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was .94 for the entire scale and oscillated between .68 and .94 for the subscales.