Paesaggi collettivi Il silenzio delle proprietà collettive delle Valli del Germanasca nel Piano Paesaggistico Regionale del Piemonte

Communal land management is a structural element of the Alpine Mountains. In the Valleys of the Germanasca (TO), collective management has been carried out for centuries by means of extensive private shared ownership. These properties materialize the interrelations between the community and territory as identified by the first article of the European Landscape Convention. This contribution puts the theme of collective management of the highlands in the perspective of the recognition, by the urban tools regarding the theme of Landscape, of the “interrelations” between anthropic and natural elements, and in this case with respect to the Piedmont Regional Landscape Plan.

THE RIGHT OF COMMON SHARED OWNERSHIP: THE ESSENCE AND PROBLEMS OF PROTECTION

The article attempts to rethink the phenomenon of shared ownership, taking into account the conceptof multiple ownership rights to one thing at the same time existing in civil law. The widespread view ofthe right of shared ownership as one right to the same thing belonging to several persons at the same timeis critically evaluated. It is concluded that each co-owner has his own property right, which is limited bythe same rights of other co-owners. The construction of shared ownership is considered in the contextof possession protection proposed in the Concept of the Development of Civil Legislation of the RussianFederation: competition arises between the rights of co-owners, which is won by the possessing co-owner,if, for example, the issue of access to things by other co-owners is resolved. The practical significance of the ideas that common property is a plurality (system) of ownership rights to one thing is shown. In particular, itis proposed to use such a model when resolving conflicts between co-owners when moving into a residentialpremises: the owner who actually uses the residential premises has an advantage over other co-owners andhas the right to prevent other co-owners from moving in until a court decision. The share in the ownershipright is proposed to be considered as a measure of the free exercise by the owner of his rights in the conditionsof multiple ownership rights to one thing.

25. Security Interests in Land

All books in this flagship series contain carefully selected substantial extracts from key cases, legislation, and academic debate, providing able students with a stand-alone resource. This chapter reviews the use of land (or legal and equitable property rights relating to land) as security for the repayment of money by a borrower to a lender. It also describes charging orders, the use of which increases in the context of the recession. There are four types of security interest: the pledge; the lien; the mortgage; and the charge. The borrower holds the equity of redemption under a classic mortgage by conveyance or sub-demise, but its continued relevance under the predominant legal charge by way of mortgage is questionable. It is observed that the domestic lending market has seen the development of Islamic mortgages, the emergence of shared-ownership schemes, and equity release schemes.

Theoretical, legal, and economic aspects of the development of shared ownership in the conditions of networkization

The subject of this research is the theoretical, legal, and economic aspects of the development of shared ownership in the conditions of networkization in the context of its possible impact upon the institution of ownership. Along with studying the opposite views on this process and specific examples of its functioning, the author demonstrates that the intensity of the development of shared ownership depends on the change in the attitude of market participants (producers and consumers) to the range, quality and lifetime of products, as well as that cost-effectiveness of shared ownership results from intensified utilization of material resources through the use of digital technologies. The relevance, theoretical and practical significance of this research are substantiated that the existing idea of shared ownership received a new boost, which requires determining the legal consequences of this process. The acquired results indicate that in the digital environment (via online services), shared ownership is the coordinated interaction of equal participants to receive (provide) or share access to goods and services, and should be qualified as a short-term lease, which due to lack of conformity to generally accepted standards and individual preferences of the consumers requires legal protection of the parties to the process.

Kampung MATFA : Otoritas Tuan Iman dan Budaya Komunal

This study describes the authority of Tuan Imam and the communal culture practiced in the Kampung MATFA (Majelis Taqlim Fardhu Ain) Langkat District of North Sumatra. This research uses qualitative research methods with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and literature study. The results of this study indicate that the Kampung MATFA implements a communal system in its social, cultural and economic activities. In addition, there is no private ownership that is shared ownership based on spiritual teachings delivered by the leader. The conclusion in this study is that the leader of Kampung MATFA, Tuan Imam, has the authority to manage his congregation by building a communal culture in maintaining its existence as a charismatic leader and his congregation for survival.

Economies with complex property rights

We discuss the exclusion core, a solution concept for object-allocation and object-exchange problems. The exclusion core is based on the right of exclusion and is especially useful for the analysis of economies with complicated property arrangements, such as those with shared ownership. The exclusion core coincides with the (strong) core in classic settings, and is closely related to the celebrated Top Trading Cycles algorithm.

Commodification or shared ownership? A case study of Chinese communities in the linguistic landscape of Bendigo

Current linguistic landscape studies of tourism are primarily concerned with the commodification of languages, and less attention is focused on ownership discourses that are constructed in tourist spaces through varied semiotic resources. This study employs a spatial perspective to analyse commodification and ownership in the linguistic landscape of Bendigo, Victoria, Australia, focusing on how these discourses materialise in the conceived, perceived, and lived spaces through the semiotic resources of Chinese communities. Built on a comprehensive dataset of photographs, field notes, interviews, and archived materials, this study reveals the agency of Bendigo’s Chinese community members, who claim ownership of semiotic resources despite the institutional forces seeking to commodify Chinese cultural heritage for tourist consumption. Examination of Chinese heritage sites demonstrates the possibility of shared ownership of Chinese semiotic resources among Chinese and non-Chinese residents in an Australian cultural tourism context. This balancing act of commodification and ownership constitutes a critical part of the lived experiences of Chinese communities in today’s era of mobility and globalisation.

PROPERTY RELATIONS IN ENGLAND: THE LEGAL REGULATION OF RESPONSIBILITY FOR CRIMES IN THE SPHERE OF REAL ESTATE

The article presents the results of the study of property relations in the field of real estate, which allowed us to reveal the features of the typology and classification of real estate in England, shared ownership and ownership, the procedure for making transactions with real estate. The article considers the legislative regulation of relations in the field of real estate in England and Wales, where there are laws that differ for historical reasons from the laws of Scotland and Northern Ireland, and provides examples of criminal encroachments on property. The content of the presented material is informative, is of a certain scientific interest, since only authentic sources are used in writing the article, and also has signs of practical significance and novelty.

Is it necessary to change the mechanism of transfer of unclaimed land shares to municipalities that has been in effect since 2011?

The purpose of the article is to investigate the mechanism of transfer of unclaimed land shares to municipalities that has been used since 2011, and consider what results have been achieved and what difficulties have been taken place during implementation. The author realized that the transfer of unclaimed land shares to municipal property resolving the problem of shared ownership in general.

Property transformation as driver of Russia’s sustainable development

A plurality of subjects of ownership characterizes the Russian economy. The transformation processes that began in 1991 continue to the present day. Until now, the question of the comparative effectiveness of various ownership forms remains open. Based on the analysis of trends in public and private property in Russia in 1992-2018, the article examines the correspondence of these processes to important systemic properties: cyclicity, cumulativeness, nonlinearity, and evolutionary character. Special attention is paid to such indicators of transformation processes as investments in fixed assets under various ownership forms. The conclusion is made about the low efficiency of the existing ownership structure in ensuring the Russian economy’s sustainable development. A hypothesis is put forward about the need to further develop forms and relations of ownership based on the development of alternative forms of ownership, including shared ownership.