Tax Non-Audit Services and Client Income Tax Estimation Error

The provision of non-audit services (NAS) to audit clients can increase or decrease financial reporting quality, depending on whether NAS generate knowledge spillovers that enhance auditors’ judgments or self-review and self-interest threats that impair auditors’ independence. Prior research finds mixed evidence of a relation between tax NAS and clients’ (actual and potential) material GAAP violations in accounting for income taxes. As auditors are likely to avoid material GAAP violations, we re-examine this issue using a measure that reflects immaterial or within-GAAP estimation error in clients’ income tax expense. We find that greater amounts of tax NAS are associated with greater income tax estimation error, consistent with tax NAS threating auditors’ independence. The association is partially offset by auditor expertise and concentrated in engagements where auditors face both self-review and self-interest threats. Our findings inform the ongoing policy debate regarding whether accounting firms should provide tax NAS to their audit clients.

Incorporating Data Analytics in a Technical Tax Setting: A Case Using Excel and Tableau to Examine a Firm’s Schedule M-3 and Tax Risk

New tax accountants are expected to possess strong technical tax and data analytic skills. This case provides an opportunity to improve students’ corporate tax and accounting for income taxes knowledge and experience with professional tax workpapers. It also provides exposure to two powerful data analytic platforms, Tableau and Excel. Students must complete a set of tax workpapers including a Schedule M-3 reconciliation. Students begin to view tax through an analytical mindset, gaining familiarity with descriptive data for tax analyses. This case helps students calculate GAAP and cash effective tax rates, taxable income, and temporary and permanent book-tax differences and formulate a professional written communication. Students also complete tax workpapers; benchmark tax data across time and industry peers; clean, format, and combine data using Excel and Tableau; and analyze and visualize data using Tableau.

The Effect of the Adoption of International Accounting Standards No. 12 (IAS No.12) for Firms Reporting Losses: Evidence from Korea

This study examines the effects of the adoption of International Accounting Standards No. 12, Income Taxes (IAS No.12) on the incremental information about future profitability for firms reporting losses compared to Korean Generally Accepted Accounting No.16, Accounting for Income Taxes (K-GAAP No.16). Specifically, this paper shows that whether the IAS No.12 affects the information of deferred tax assets (DTAs) regarding loss persistence which implies the ability to predict earnings sustainability. Using a sample of 2,905 observations from Korean listed firms that reported a loss between 2007 and 2014, we divide loss firm-years into categories of ‘good news’ (GN) or ‘bad news’ (BN) based on whether management appears to report an increase in DTAs. We find that our tax categories have incremental information about the probability of loss reversal under K-GAAP No. 16, but under IAS No.12 the incremental effects of a deferred tax balance disappear. Also, we find that investors underweight the informativeness of DTAs under K-GAAP, and after the adoption of IAS No.12, investors cannot obtain buy-and-hold returns by buying GN firm-years and selling BN firms-years. However, this is not because investors understand the information of DTAs, but because the informativeness of DTAs deteriorates after the relaxation in the recognition threshold of DTAs.

Pengaruh Penerapan PSAK No. 46 Terhadap Laporan Laba Rugi Pada Tiga Perusahaan Yang Terdaftar di BEI

The company follows a accounting standards generally accepted in drawing up the financial statements, namely Financial accounting standards (SAK). For various reasons, that standard is different from the taxation provisions also utilize accounting information. Due to the difference of a few things in Financial accounting standards (SAK) with the provisions of the Regulation militate in% u2013 Invitation taxation. Bond Accountant Indonesia (IAI) has confirmed the Statements of financial accounting standards (PSAK) No. 46 concerning accounting for income taxes, is a new thing in the accounting standards for enterprises in Indonesia. PSAK No. 46.The purpose of this research is to know concerning PSAK NO. 46 and see if PSAK NO. 46 already applied on the PT Astra International Tbk, PT Mustika Ratu Tbk, PT Mayora Indah Tbk. And how its influence from the application of PSAK NO.46 of the income statement of the company. The study was conducted at the corner of Indonesia stock exchange at STIE Kesatuan Bogor. The results showed that in the application of PSAK NO. 46 will develop assets and deferred tax liabilities interest arising due to temporary differences. The influence of the application of PSAK NO. 46 on the income statements give rise to a difference between the burden of income tax with income tax debt resulting from the existence of differences in recognition of tax-deferred interest assets, which is set to PSAK NO. 46.

A Case Integrating Financial and Tax Accounting Using the Balance Sheet Approach to Account for Income Taxes

ABSTRACT This case guides students through the process of reconciling financial (book) income to its taxable income, calculating the tax provision, preparing the income tax footnote disclosure, and completing Form 1120, Schedule M-1 for a fictitious publicly traded client. In the case, students are presented with the company's financial statements, including supporting schedules, and a tax basis balance sheet. Students are asked to calculate the tax provision and construct the income tax footnote as a pre-class assignment. In class, students debrief the tax provision calculation and income tax footnote and use information contained in the income tax footnote to reconcile the company's book to taxable income. Students completing this case should be able to (1) interpret the differences between a book basis balance sheet and a tax basis balance sheet, (2) create the income tax footnote disclosure using the ASC 740 balance sheet approach to accounting for income taxes, and (3) use information in the financial statement footnote and related disclosures to determine a company's book-tax differences and reconcile its book to taxable income. This case is designed for an intermediate financial accounting or tax course but an advanced version of the case could be used in a graduate financial accounting or graduate tax course.

PENERAPAN PERYATAAN STANDAR AKUNTANSI KEUANGAN NOMOR 46 TENTANG AKUNTANSI PAJAK PENGHASILAN DAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 36 TAHUN 2008 TENTANG PAJAK PENGHASILAN ATAS PAJAK PENGHASILAN BADAN PADA PT.MEGA JASAKELOLA

The application of PSAK No. 46, Accounting for Income Taxes expected to bridge between accounting and tax laws with provisions. The purpose of this study is to investigate the application of PSAK No. 46 and Act No. 36 of 2008 on corporate income tax on PT.mega Jasakelola. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis. The application of PSAK No.46 of research results 46 top corporate income tax has been applied on PT.Mega Jasakelola especially regarding deferred tax, taxable income and tax payable now. Implementation of Act No. 36 of 2008 on income tax on business services is appropriate PT Mega Jasakelola Taxation existing regulations. PT.Mega Jasakelola has implemented reporting income tax on their annual tax return, in accordance with the provisions of this is evidenced by the positive correction done at the expense of the non- taxable.