Effect of phosphorus and manganese nutrition on yield and uptake of nutrients in wheat (Triticum aestivum) in alluvial soil

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L) is the most important food grain crop among cereals and stands next only to rice in our country. It is an exhaustive crop which requires the major and micronutrients in adequate amounts for higher production. Wheat is quite responsive to phosphorus (Singh at al. 2020) and manganese (Singh and Patra, 2017) which plays important role in growth and development. Phosphorus is an important nutrient needed for normal growth and development of the plants. It plays an important role in energy transformation and metabolic processes in plants. Manganese plays a role in the synthesis of chlorophyll. Manganese deficiency occurs in well drained light textured soils with neutral or alkaline in reaction. Studies have indicated both synergistic and antagonisticrelationship between P and Mn but their relationship depends on their rate of application and crop species. Hence, an attempt was made to study the response of wheat to P and Mn nutrition in an alluvial soil.

Optimal Manganese Nutrition Increases Photosynthesis of Immature Pecan Trees

Southwestern U.S. pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] orchard soils are typically alkaline and calcareous, making micronutrients such as manganese (Mn) poorly available for root uptake. Manganese is essential to the light reactions of photosynthesis (Pn), but the level of leaf Mn for optimum Pn in pecan is unknown. Our objective was to characterize the relationships of foliar Mn fertilizer applications and leaf Mn nutrition with Pn over a broad range of leaf Mn concentrations. Two experiments were conducted from 2011 to 2012 (Expt. 1) and in 2013 (Expt. 2) in immature, nonbearing ‘Pawnee’ and ‘Western’ pecan orchards near Las Cruces, NM. To create differential leaf tissue Mn concentrations, four Mn spray concentrations were applied foliarly: 0.00, 0.34, 0.68, and 1.3 g Mn/L (Control, Low, Medium, and High, respectively). In Expt. 2, we added a higher Mn concentration (2.7 g Mn/L). Repeated measurements of leaf Pn were made beginning 1 week following a Mn application using a portable Pn system. Across treatments in both studies, final leaf Mn concentrations ranged from 21 to 1488 µg·g−1. Leaves treated with 0.68 g Mn/L had higher Pn than the other treatments in each experiment. In 2013, Pn rates of the leaves treated with 0.68 g Mn/L increased 7.1% and 10.4% over the Control for ‘Pawnee’ and ‘Western’, respectively. Our data confirm an association between leaf tissue Mn and Pn; the leaf tissue Mn concentration at which Pn rates are optimized in immature pecan trees was estimated to be 151.64 (±17.3 se) µg·g−1 Mn.

Effect of Manganese Nutrition on Content of Nutrient and Yield of Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa L.) in Hydroponic/Wpływ Żywienia Manganem Na Zawartość Składników I Plonowanie Sałaty (Lactuca Sativa L.) W Hydroponice

The aim of conducted studies was estimation of increase manganese nutrition on content of nutrient and yielding of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in hydroponic cultivation. Plants were grown in rockwool using closed system fertigation with recirculation of nutrient solution. In experiment were used nutrient solution with following nutrient contents [mg·dm-3]: N-NH4 < 10, N-NO3 150, P-PO4 50, K 150, Ca 150, Mg 50, Fe 3.00, Zn 0.44, Cu 0.03, B 0.011, pH 5.50, EC 1.8 mS·cm-1. It was studied the following manganese concentrations in nutrient solution (in [mg・dm-3]): 0.5, 4.8, 9.6, 19.2 (described as Mn-I, Mn-II, Mn-III and Mn-IV). It was found a significant influence of increasing manganese concentration applied in fertigation on the content of: N, K (for Mn-IV); P, Fe, Cu (for Mn-III and Mn-IV); Mg, Zn (for Mn-II to Mn-IV) in aboveground parts of lettuce. It was no differences in case of calcium and sodium content. Increasing concentration of manganese used to fertigation significantly influenced the content of Mn in plants. Manganese also affected on the SPAD measurement (decreasing at Mn-IV) and yielding of the plants (decreasing for Mn-II to Mn-IV comparing with Mn-I).

Changes of Nutrient Contents in Tomato Fruits Under The Influence of Increasing Intensity of Manganese Nutrition

The aim of conducted in years 2008-2012 studies was to assess the efficiency of application of increasing manganese levels on the nutritive value of tomato fruits (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cvs. ‘Alboney F1’ and ‘Emotion F1’), expressed in the contents of macro- and micronutrients. Plants were grown in rockwool with application of nutrient solution characterized the following chemical composition (in [mg dm–3]): N-NH4 2.2, N-NO3 - 230, P - 50, K - 430, Ca - 145, Mg - 65, Cl - 35, S-SO4 - 120, Fe - 2.48, Zn - 0.50, Cu - 0.07, pH -5.50, EC - 3.00 mS cm–1. The following manganese plant nutrition levels were examined (in mg Mn · dm–3): 0.06 (control), 0.3, 0.6, 1.2 (Experiment I), 2.4, 4.8, 9.6 and 19.2 (Experiment II); (denoted as Mn-0, Mn-0.3, Mn-0.6, Mn-1.2, Mn-2.4, Mn-4.8, Mn-9.6; Mn-19.2). The source of manganese was manganese sulfate (MnSO4 · H2O, 32.3% Mn). The nutritive value of tomato fruits changed significantly under the influence of the application of wide range of manganese concentrations. It was found a significant reduction of the content of phosphorus (Exp. I, II), potassium (Exp. II), calcium (Exp. I, II) and magnesium (Exp. I, II). Manganese influence on the decreasing content of other metallic micronutrients (Fe, Zn, Cu) in fruits. Cultivar had a significantly influence on the content of: nitrogen (except Mn-2.4, Mn-4.8, Mn-9.6), potassium (in Exp. II, except Mn-4.8), calcium (except for Mn-0.6, Mn-2.4), magnesium (except Mn-0.3 and Mn-2.4), iron (except Mn-1.2), manganese and zinc (except control combination) and copper (except Mn-0.6 and Mn-1.2). The highest contents of N, Ca and Mg in fruits were recorded for the application of Mn-0, while for P and K - at 0.3 mg Mn dm–3, whereas it was lowest for all these nutrients (except N) in the case of Mn-19.2 (Exp. II). The reduction of nutrient contents amounted to (% changes: from the lowest content to the highest content): N (11.3), P (48.1), K (24.8), Ca (75.4), Mg (57.5), Fe (59.2), Zn (65.4) and Cu (43.7).