Psychological Foundation of the Qur'an: Current Deterioration in Muslim Ummah

A review of the following English Edited book: Shahid, Muhammad Shoiab (2016). Psychological Foundation of the Qur'an Current Deterioration in Muslim Ummah. Bloomington: Xlibris, 238 pp.

Credit Guidance for a Desired Economy: An Original Institutional Economics Critique of Financialization

Financialization describes the turn to speculative asset trading that has become increasingly central to economic life in recent decades. Critics argue this has occurred at the expense of the “real economy,” referring to production and trade. Critics further argue that finance’s normal role is to serve the needs of the productive sector. Financialization, which diverts capital from production to speculation, is viewed as a deviant form of capitalist development. Drawing on original institutionalist insights, this article argues that such a juxtaposition of the so-called real economy versus deviant financialization is misleading. Financial speculation is a logical outcome of capitalism’s actual real economy—capital accumulation. Firms within a capitalist economy must continually engage profit-seeking practices, which in turn produces psychological habituation in agents. The latter makes profit-seeking, not production-seeking, the psychological foundation of capitalist agency, such that all legal profit-making activity is an instance of capitalism’s real economy. Prioritizing productive investment is a desired economy, an outcome that requires regulatory intervention. This paper proposes that credit guidance is a regulatory solution to financialization, one that can increase economic welfare. JEL Classification: O38, D91, H11, P10

STUDY OF THE EMOTIONAL COMPONENT OF PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN VALUE ATTITUDE TO ECOLOGICAL SITUATIONS OF THE REGION

Unfavorable forecasts of environmental scientists regarding environmental changes actualize the problem of environmental values importance in the process of children upbringing.The article theoretically substantiates that emotions caused by perception of ecological situations of their region leave unconscious "imprints" in the child's life and therefore can serve as a psychological foundation for the formation of these values in primary school children. For children of primary school age, when they assess environmental situations, circumstances, events they encounter in their lives, the emotional reaction often outstrips the cognitive one, reflects the personal meaning, value attitude of a child towards them.The aim of the article is to study the emotional component of primary school children’ value attitude to the ecological situation of his region in order to introduce core value of "ecological safety" into his/her system of values. The study was based on the analysis of philosophical, psychological and pedagogical literary sources, testing, interviewing primary school children and pedagogical experiment.Managing the emotional development of primary schoolchildren can significantly change their value attitude to nature. Under conditions of the experiment, 61% of children began to realize their need for vigorous activity, and 17% of junior schoolchildren became psychologically ready for joint environmental protection activities.

Delightful Horror

Edmund Burke remains one of the great theorists of the aesthetic dimensions of political life, and this chapter focuses on his account of the sublime production of political authority. Burke’s theory of the sublime identifies an instinctive “delight” that human beings take in their own subordination: it is an affective device for naturalizing order and rank in human society and the psychological foundation of such distinctive Burkean formulations as “proud submission” and “dignified obedience.” However, the French Revolution, and its enthusiastic reception by British radicals during the 1790s, occasioned a revision of Burke’s political aesthetics, whereby the sublime was no longer associated with astonishment, novelty, and ennobling disorientation, but with the gravity of an historical inheritance transmitted across time by the ancient constitution. Burke’s antirevolutionary writings mark a transition in his thinking from a political aesthetics of sublime transcendence to one of historical immanence.

Landasan Pengembangan Kurikulum Pendidikan di Indonesia

The purpose of this study is to have a broad understanding of the foundations for curriculum development; identify several curriculum foundations that become the basis for developing the curriculum by various related parties. The formulation of the curriculum either at the stage of ideas, plans, experiences or as a result of its development must refer to or use a strong and solid foundation, so that the curriculum can function and play a role in accordance with the demands of education in accordance with Law Number 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System. There are four main foundations that form the basis of curriculum development, namely: philosophical landscape, psychological foundation, socio-cultural foundation, as well as scientific and technological foundations. Philosophical assumptions have implications for the formulation of educational goals, the development of educational content or materials, determining strategies, as well as on the role of students and the role of educators. The psychological foundation refers to cognitive, behavioristic, and humanistic learning theories. The socio-cultural foundation has implications for the educational program that will be developed. Meanwhile the scientific and technological foundations are the starting points in developing the curriculum so that it is adaptive to the changes and challenges of the times.

Development of a Perceptions of Online Learning Scale

The sudden switch to online learning brought an unintended spotlight to the gradually expanding educational innovation of online instruction. Online learning has generally been stigmatized as less effective than traditional face-to-face learning. The learning of students tends to be influenced by teachers’ individual differences and perceptions of online learning. In this study, we describe the development of a new perceptions of online learning scale (POOLS). The POOLS seeks to measure perceptions of online learning across four theoretical constructs associated with quality education in both online and traditional face-to-face formats. Existing measures to assess perceptions of or readiness for online learning are learner-focused and could not reflect the psychological foundation of the teacher population. The POOLS was constructed using expert review and a sample of 654 adults responded to the survey. We conducted an exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis on split halves of these data. The results of this initial validation study provide the basis for using the POOLS as an approach to measuring four aspects of perceptions of online learning: Effective Learning (ω^2 = 0.75), Student-Centered Learning (ω^2 = 0.69), Interactive Learning (ω^2 = 0.72), and Engaged Learning (ω^2 = 0.68). We recommend that the POOLS be used at an aggregate level to describe the general relationship between these factors and other characteristics such as self-efficacy, amount or type of experience with online learning, and personality traits.

Professionally Relevant Traits of the Heads of Correctional Facilities

The article is dedicated to the study of professionally relevant personality traits, abilities and orientations of the officials of correctional facilities, holding senior positions in comparison to those of their subordinates. The traits are an integral part of the psychological and educational component of their professional competence. They reflect the most general, invariant psychological characteristics which ensure the success in their professional performance irregardless of their function or position. The hypothesis was that officials holding senior positions possess the professionally relevant traits to a greater degree, than their subordinates do. The processing of the obtained data demonstrated that senior officers surpass their subordinates in a number of professionally relevant traits (communicative, intellectual, emotional and volitional qualities). This qualities can be viewed as the psychological foundation for the formation of the subject position in professional development. The results are integrated into prospective studies of the factors and conditions for professional and personal development of penitentiary personnel. They are also used in designing programs for fostering their professional competence.