Synchronized Attractors and Phase Entrained with Cavity Loss of the Coupled Laser’s Map

The laser differential equations are used to transform them into identical coupled maps. Valuable results are deduced during analytical and numerical studies on cavity loss. Phase and spatiotemporal synchronized attractors are observed via quasi-chaos under a certain range of controlling parameters, and symmetry breaking of chaotic attractors due to collision with their basin boundaries, and transpire differently from the previous attractors. During the numerical simulation, it is found that the sequence of repeated strange attractors if the coupling strength further increases, which are orthogonal mirror images (the dynamics of the system is the same at different values of controlling parameters). Moreover, it can help us to predict future problems and their solutions based on current issues, if we develop this model in more general.

Loss and gain in a plasmonic nanolaser

Plasmonic nanolasers are a new class of laser devices which amplify surface plasmons instead of photons by stimulated emission. A plasmonic nanolaser cavity can lower the total cavity loss by suppressing radiation loss via the plasmonic field confinement effect. However, laser size miniaturization is inevitably accompanied with increasing total cavity loss. Here we reveal quantitatively the loss and gain in a plasmonic nanolaser. We first obtain gain coefficients at each pump power of a plasmonic nanolaser via analyses of spontaneous emission spectra and lasing emission wavelength shift. We then determine the gain material loss, metallic loss and radiation loss of the plasmonic nanolaser. Last, we provide relationships between quality factor, loss, gain, carrier density and lasing emission wavelength. Our results provide guidance to the cavity and gain material optimization of a plasmonic nanolaser, which can lead to laser devices with ever smaller cavity size, lower power consumption and faster modulation speed.

Room-temperature continuous-wave upconverting micro- and nanolasing for bio-optofluidics

Nanolasers that operate under the continuous-wave pump and are robust in diverse environments will make possible compact optoelectronic devices, biomedical imaging, and large-scale quantum photonics. However, current nanolasers require low temperatures or pulsed excitation because their small mode volumes severely limit gain relative to cavity loss. Here, I will present continuous-wave upconverting micro- and nanolasing at room temperature with record-low thresholds and high photostability. I will explore the future implications of such a low-threshold laser for optofluidics.

OPEN PERFORATION OF MAXILLA ALVEOLAR SPROUT, PERFORATION OF THE TOOTH CAVITY BOTTOM AT ENDODONTIC TREATMENT OF THE FIRST MOLAR ON MAXILLA (CLINICAL CASE)

The paper presents a clinical issue of multiple doctor’s errors when he/she performs endodontic treatment. Injection needle defects that caused perforation in the bone tissue of the alveolar process, partial preparation of the tooth cavity, loss of the cheek, medial root canal, perforation of the bottom of the tooth cavity were revealed. As a result, errors caused complications. A corresponding medical-prophylactic complex was completed with a successful result.