Morphological Features of Fruits and Seeds of Some Species of the Genus Crataegus L. of the Flora of Ukraine

The genus Crataegus L. is one of the largest species in the family Rosaceae Juss. The fruits are used as medicinal raw materials ( Crataegus fructus ), as they contain a set of biologically active compounds. The genus is voluminous and taxonomically problematic due to significant variability, hybridization, apomixis, and polyploidy. As a result, it is difficult to determine the species of the genus. Species of the genus have a number of diagnostic features, one of which is a distinct fruit with seeds. The aim of our study was to identify and compare the diagnostic features of the fruits of seven species of the genus Crataegus flora of Ukraine, which are most often used as medicinal raw materials and are the most common in Ukraine – Crataegus laevigata , C. monogyna , C. pentagyna , C. pseudokyrtostyla , C. sanguinea , C. fallacina , and C. rhipidophylla . The study was performed using scanning and digital microscopy, and descriptions were made by standard methods. As a result, we identified features that clearly distinguished the studied species from each other. We identified mature fruits that contain only one pyrene ( C. monogyna , C. pseudokyrtostyla , C. fallacina , and C. rhipidophylla ), and several pyrenes ( C. laevigata , C. pentagyna , and C. sanguinea ) among the studied species of the genus. The studied species are characterized by spherical and ellipsoidal fruits. The predominant color is fulvous/brown with different shades, but almost-black fruits of the species C. pentagyna are well distinguished. Fruits of all studied species of the genus are fleshy, except C. sanguinea , which is floury. The species is characterized mainly by yellow flesh fruits, except C. pentagyna , which has ribbed fruits. The fruits of C. monogyna plants differ from those of other studied species by the spinous-tuberous surface relief. Pyrenes of triangular shape are observed only in C. pentagyna . We suggest that these features can be used as additional diagnostic tools to determine the species of the genus Crataegus flora in Ukraine.

P096 Munchmeyer's disease: an unknown pathology

Background Munchmeyer's disease (MM) or Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressivais an extremely rare genetic disorder characterized by heterotopic ossification of muscle and connective tissue during flare-ups, which can lead to the creation of a true second skeleton. we report an original observation with diagnostic difficulty. Observation We report the case of 37-year-old women who consulted for cervical stiffness with painful hypertrophy of the left sternocleidomastoid muscle, dorsal scoliosis, tendon retractions in limbs with a semi-flexion attitude. In addition, she presented a deformity of the forefoot with hallux valgus and a triangular shape. X-ray of the right arm showed ossification of the biceps brachii and that of the foot showed interphalangeal ankyloses with agenesis of a phalanx of the big toe. X-rays of the cervical spine revealed posterior arch ankyloses with fusion of some vertebrae. Despite the late onset of symptoms, the diagnosis of MM was suggested and confirmed by a genetic study which revealed a heterozygous c.617G> A [p. Arg206His] mutation, located in exon 6 of the gene. Conclusion MM is an extremely rare but disabling condition. It should be considered in unexplained muscle enlargement occurring at any age particularly if associated with congenital malformations of the Hallux. The discovery of the ACVR1 gene mutation offers hope for the development of therapies for this hitherto incurable disease.

Description, distribution and ecology of endemic Tasmanian quillwort, Isoetes jarmaniae, sp. nov. (Isoetaceae; Lycopodiopsida)

Isoetes jarmaniae sp. nov. is described as a new lycophyte endemic to Tasmania, Australia, where it is confined to peat-bound karstic wetlands in several river valleys in the south-west wilderness. While seemingly morphologically closest to I. drummondii, this quillwort has features that are globally uncommon in Isoetes and unknown in other Australasian taxa. Most notable are its markedly flattened, strongly recurved leaves and disproportionately large sporangium ligules that are more suggestive of South American than Australian taxa. As well, the exceptionally thin and wide (alate) megaspore equatorial ridge is swollen at suture intersections, presenting a slightly triangular shape suggestive of the Indian taxon I. udupiensis. The microspores of I. jarmaniae exhibit exceptionally, perhaps uniquely, fine-papillate ornamentation. An original key placing I. jarmaniae in context with the other Tasmanian Isoetes species is provided. This diminutive, apparently diploid species is evidently maintaining a self-sustaining population within a regionally unique habitat and small geographic range.

Relationship between maxillary sinuses’ shapes and their contacts with upper jaw teeth roots according to computer tomography

Background. Rhinosinusitis, affecting both maxillary and other sinuses, is a multidisciplinary issue which otolaryngologists, dentists, neurologists and ophthalmologists are constantly dealing with. There is a remarkable diagnostic value of anthropometric indicators of maxillary sinuses of people of different genders, using CT scan images of mature age patients. Purpose – establish a relationship between the shape of the maxillary sinuses and possible contacts of the tooth roots of the maxillary dental arch in healthy mature men and women. Materials and methods. The study was performed based on the results of 102 CBCT with normal maxillary sinuses variations in adults in the frontal and sagittal plane. The examinations were performed on Point 3D Combi 500 cone-beam tomograph. The paper belongs to the «description of case series» category whis is a type of study recognized by evidence based medicine and does not claim statistical significance of the results. Results and discussion. When examining the computer tomograms of men and women in the study group, it has been found out how the shape of the maxillary sinuses (MS) affects the contact of the tooth roots with the cortical plate and the mucous membrane of the maxillary sinuses. Six main shapes of the MS are defined: trapezoidal, square, round, oval, rectangular and triangular. In the frontal plane of CBCT, the most frequent contact with the MS cortical plate is observed in the triangular and rectangular shape of the MS, that is: in the MS rectangular shape it is in contact with the 15th, 25th tooth root in 13 people (56.5% of cases) and in the triangular shape – with the 15th, 25th tooth root in 17 people (56.5% of cases). Analyzing CBCT in the sagittal plane, the most frequent contact with the cortical plate of the left MS is observed in the MS triangular shape, namely – the sinus is in contact with the 25th tooth root in 38 people (59.4% of cases). In the sagittal plane of CBCT, the contact with the tooth roots was rarely observed in the MS square and round shape. In the MS square shape, the 13th and 14th tooth roots do not come into contact with its cortical plate, and, with the mucous membrane, there is no contact of all the roots of the teeth except the 16th, in 1 person only. Conclusions. The results of the study have made it possible to trace a number of patterns of influence of the maxillary sinus shape on the tooth roots contacting it. The contact of the MS cortical plate is most often observed with 16th and 26th tooth roots, while the MS mucous membrane – with 17th and 27th tooth roots of the upper jaw. It was found that in any shape of sinus in the frontal plane, no contact of the 13th, 23rd and 24th tooth roots of the maxillary dental arch with the mucous membrane of the maxillary sinus was detected. In the CBCT frontal plane, it has been found that the most frequent contact with the MS cortical plate is observed in triangular, trapezoidal and rectangular form of the MS, and the rarest one – in oval, square and round form of MS. The study has established that in the sagittal plane of CBCT the most frequent contact with the MS cortical plate is observed in the MS triangular shape, and the rarest – in the round one.

STUDY OF FRUITS MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES FOR 33 SPECIES BELONG TO CRUCIFERAE FAMILY IN IRAQ

The research was aimed to identify fruits morphological characteristics of 33 taxa belonging to the Lepidieae tribe from Brassicaceae. The characteristics of the fruit's general shape, apex shape, dimensions, colors, surface ornamentation, and beak were determined, the results indicated the importance of each of those characters in isolated species, In general, all the tribe's fruits were open capsule and short silicula. According to the dimensions of fruit, three species can be distinguished as a group with dimensions greater than 20mm, as in Brossardia, Coluteocarpus, and Didymophysa, and depending on the shape, it was possible to differentiate the species within this group, while the other species were less than 20 mm. in dimensions. They were distinguished by the general shapes, as the fruits of the Aethionema species were distinguished by their winged shaped, whereas the fruits of the genus Biscutella are bi-lobed, and the fruits have an inverted semi-triangular shape in the Capsella and peltate with prominent veins in the genus Horwoodia, or maybe peltate and longitudinally splintered with dark veins in Iberis, while the genus Sameraria fruit is circular to semi-circular characterized by intermediate appendages, while the individuals of the genus Isatis have linear-oblong fruits, and the species of both genus Lipidium and Hymenolobus were distinguished by their small and elliptic fruits and could be differentiated according to other fruits features. So could be conclude the importance of the characteristic of the general shape of the fruit firstly in species isolation then size, ornamentation, and some other traits.

Comparative palynomorphological study of two species in the valley of Zagoria, Gjirokastra, Albania

In this study there are demonstrated for the first time in albanian literature the palynomorphologic characteristics of two types of plants (Centaurea epirota and Viola epirota), collected in Zagoria valley, Gjirokastra region, in Albania. To carry out the study, light microscopy was used and it was concluded that the pollen grains of Centaurea epirota were 3 colporate, isopolar, with radial symmetry. In the polar view, the pollen grains have a circular triangular shape while in the equatorial view they have a compressed oval shape. Exine appeared scabrate. Viola epirota consisted of 3-4 colporate, sometimes even 5 colporate pollen grains. In the polar view, the pollen grains had a circular shape of 3 or 4 angles, sometimes even 5 angles while in the equatorial view they had an elliptical shape. Exine appeared granulate. To see the impact of ecological factor and the method of laboratory processing of pollen grains, the size of the new species studied was compared with the size of the pollen grains of Centaurea cyanus and Viola alba, Viola odorata and Viola arvensis, taken from the native literature.

The Thresholds of Greening Unit Serving Set as an Arousal Task Based on EEG and Eye Movement

Monotony is the most prominent characteristic feature of the prairie highway. Monotony can cause a decrease in the level of arousal, leading to lower vigilant. This study sets the greening unit as an arousal task to withstand the monotony and examines the different landscapes’ effects on EEG(electroencephalo-graph) and eye movement for drivers. 26 participants took part in a simulated driving experiment. Three scenes correspond to other greening units, respectively, one set as the control group without greening. The results show that the greening unit will improve driver vigilance and external eye movement control preponderance. The type of eye movement and [(alpha + theta) / beta] performance optimal arousal is immediate but discontinuous; The type of eye movement and alpha sample entropy show different spatial patterns of landscapes have different effective lengths. In conclusion,(1) Landscape（Fully open with triangular shape） provides superior arousal effect；(2)The greening unit length threshold corresponding to the optimal arousal level of drivers is 666 m; (3)The alpha sample entropy of less than 0.234 can be identified as the threshold of effect greening length

Solving the Forward Position Problem of an In-Parallel Planar Manipulator in the Gauss Plane

We study determining the posture of an in-parallel planar manipulator, which has three connectors composed of revolute, prismatic and revolute joints, from specified active joint variables. We construct an ideal in the field of complex numbers, and we introduce self inversive polynomials. We provide results for an in-parallel planar manipulator, which has a base and moving platform in right triangular shape. Using Sage computer algebra system, we compute its Groebner bases. We illustrate that the single variable polynomials obtained from the Groebner bases are self reciprocal.

Solving the Forward Position Problem of an In-Parallel Planar Manipulator in the Gauss Plane

We study determining the posture of an in-parallel planar manipulator, which has three connectors composed of revolute, prismatic and revolute joints, from specified active joint variables. We construct an ideal in the field of complex numbers, and we introduce self inversive polynomials. We provide results for an in-parallel planar manipulator, which has a base and moving platform in right triangular shape. Using Sage computer algebra system, we compute its Groebner bases. We illustrate that the single variable polynomials obtained from the Groebner bases are self reciprocal.