False allegations account for a proportion of most forms of reported crime, complicating the tasks of law enforcement personnel, prosecutorial authorities, and those involved in risk assessment and management. This chapter examines the research evidence on false claims of victimization in three specific areas, namely rape, stalking, and the associated phenomenon of “gang-stalking.” Studies of false allegations are beset with methodological difficulties that until comparatively recently have not been directly addressed, and this chapter focuses on the better designed research exercises. In particular, motivations for making false accusations are examined, as well as differences between identified true and false accusations, which are of practical interest to threat assessors. The most salient factors from the literature that may indicate a need for suspicion regarding the veracity of a claim are highlighted within practice boxes, which are accompanied by illustrative case examples.