EMPIRICAL DEPENDENCE OF THE HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE OF THE WA-TER LAYER OF THE REGULAR PACKING ON THE RESISTANCE COEFFI-CIENT AND IRRIGATION DENSITY

A criterion equation for the coefficient of hydraulic resistance of a layer of regular packing was ob-tained, and a dependence was obtained that connects the hydraulic resistance of a dry and irrigated packing.

Regular Two-Dimensional Packing of Congruent Objects: Cognitive Analysis of Honeycomb Constructions

A new approach to investigate the two-dimensional, regular packing of arbitrary geometric objects (GOs),using cognitive visualization, is presented. GOs correspond to congruent non-convex polygons with their associated coordinate system. The origins of these coordinate systems are accepted by object poles. The approach considered is based on cognitive processes that are forms of heuristic judgments. According to the first heuristic judgment, regular packing of congruent GOs on the plane have a honeycomb structure, that is, each GO contacts six neighboring GO, the poles of which are vertices of the pole hexagon in the honeycomb construction of packing. Based on the visualization of the honeycomb constructions a second heuristic judgment is obtained, according to which inside the hexagon of the poles, there are fragments of three GOs. The consequence is a third heuristic judgment on the plane covering density with regular packings of congruent GOs. With the help of cognitive visualization, it is established that inside the hexagon of poles there are fragments of exactly three objects. The fourth heuristic judgment is related to the proposal of a triple lattice packing for regular packing of congruent GOs.

Experimental Observation of a Regression Dependence for Hydrodynamic Performance of the Regular Packing

The investigational studies of regression dependence of the new efficient regular packing bed’s flow friction on gas velocity and liquid spray rate has been carried out. The tests were made by the procedure of a complete two-factor experiment. On account of experiment design matrix, there are four tests to be made to determine the regression dependence. It is found that the packing bed’s flow friction builds up along with increase of superficial gas velocity and liquid spray rate. The regression dependence that puts packing bed’s flow friction in touch with superficial gas velocity and liquid spray rate is procured. The specific dependence is valid for air velocity 1.21-3.12 m/sec and liquid spray rate 0.0080-0.0304 m3/(m2 sec). The conclusion on significance of regression dependencies has been made in terms of Student’s t-test. The sufficiency of regression equation has been inspected via the Fisher’s criterion. The resulting regression equation can be utilized in the design and engineering process of absorbers with the shock-spray packing.

Mass Transfer Assessment in Extraction of La(III) and Ce(III) Ions Using Rotating Scheibel Column with Regular Packing

In this study, the Scheibel column with the regular packing structure was investigated in the extraction process of lanthanum and cerium ions. Mass transfer coefficients identified the column performance in the transport stage of La(III) and Ce(III) from the aqueous phase to the organic phase. The variations in operating conditions were investigated to optimize the extraction of ions. The backflow model (BFM), axial dispersion model (ADM), and forward mixing model (FMM) were investigated to evaluate the mass transfer performance. The result showed that the description of the volumetric overall mass transfer coefficient with forward mixing model is more significant than two other models. The medium of average absolute relative error obtained by the FMM model is ~4.45% and ~18.40% (lanthanum extraction) and ~10.75% and ~14.99% (cerium extraction) for continuous and dispersed phase, respectively. It indicated that the applied model has a remarkable accuracy for description of mass transfer performance

USING THE SHOCK-SPRAY PACKING TO REDUCE THE HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE IN APPARATUS

It is shown that the replacement of direct-flow valve plates with a new highly effective shock-spray regular packing will significantly reduce the hydraulic resistance in the rectification column of isolation of the isopentane fraction.

IMPACT OF THE DESIGN OF THE CONTACT DEVICE ON HYDRAULIC RESISTANCE OF RECTIFICATION COLUMN

ы, клапанные тарелки, ударно-распылительная насадка. Abstract. It is shown that the use of a new highly efficient shock-spray regular packing instead of direct-flow valve plates in the distillation column for the separation of the isopentane fraction will significantly reduce the hydraulic resistance and energy costs. The low hydraulic resistance of the shock-spray packing is explained by its design features: regular layout, high free cross section, low amount of retained fluid

On the use of HCP and FCC RVE structures in the simulation of powder compaction

Use of hexagonal close packed and face centered cubic structures to simulate powder compaction reveals that plastic deformation is effective in reducing porosity until a relative density of 0.96, beyond which a drastic rise in pressure is required. The compaction process can be divided into three phases demarcated by relative densities of 0.8 and 0.92, characterized, respectively, by local yielding around the initial contact point, coalescence of locally yielded zones and full plastic flow to reduce pores. The macroscopic yield behaviour of the powder assembly in the present work agrees reasonably with analytical and numerical models such as the Storåkers-Fleck-McMeeking model and multi-particle finite element model. It is found that for rate-dependent powder materials, the compaction process is noticeably rate dependent from a relative density of 0.85. Although a regular packing of powders is unrealistic, the understanding gained from a regular packing model provides insight into the role that plastic deformation plays during powder compaction.