Sensitivity to COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness and Safety in Shanghai, China

Several COVID-19 vaccines have been on the market since early 2021 and may vary in their effectiveness and safety. This study characterizes hesitancy about accepting COVID-19 vaccines among parents in Shanghai, China, and identifies how sensitive they are to changes in vaccine safety and effectiveness profiles. Schools in each township of Minhang District, Shanghai, were sampled, and parents in the WeChat group of each school were asked to participate in this cross-sectional Internet-based survey. Parents responded to questions about hesitancy and were given information about five different COVID-19 vaccine candidates, the effectiveness of which varied between 50 and 95% and which had a risk of fever as a side effect between 5 and 20%. Overall, 3673 parents responded to the survey. Almost 90% would accept a vaccine for themselves (89.7%), for their child (87.5%) or for an elderly parent (88.5%) with the most ideal attributes (95% effectiveness with 5% risk of fever). But with the least ideal attributes (50% effectiveness and a 20% risk of fever) these numbers dropped to 33.5%, 31.3%, and 31.8%, respectively. Vaccine hesitancy, age at first child’s birth, and relative income were all significantly related to sensitivity to vaccine safety and effectiveness. Parents showed a substantial shift in attitudes towards a vaccine based on its safety and effectiveness profile. These findings indicate that COVID-19 vaccine acceptance may be heavily influenced by how effective the vaccine actually is and could be impeded or enhanced based on vaccines already on the market.

Epistemic Violence in Research on Eldercare

Decolonial perspectives challenge the notion that standard knowledge in hegemonic psychology is productive of progress and enlightenment. They instead emphasise its association with the colonial violence that constitutes the darker underside of modern development. Our contribution to the special issue applies a decolonial perspective to theory and research on obligation to an elderly parent. Thinking from the standpoint of West African epistemic locations not only illuminates the culture-bound character of standard models but also reveals their foundations in modern individualist selfways. Although modern individualist selfways can liberate well-endowed people to pursue fulfilling relationships and avoid unsatisfying connections with burdensome obligations, these ways of being pose risks of abandonment for people—like many elders—whose requirements for care might constitute a constraint on others’ satisfaction. In contrast, the cultural ecologies of embedded interdependence that inform everyday life in many West African settings afford selfways that emphasise careful maintenance of existing connections. Although these selfways may place constraints on the self-expansive pursuit of satisfying relationships, they provide elders and other vulnerable people with some assurance of support.

Elder Law and Its Justifications: A Hybrid Vision Inspired by Family Law Jurisprudence

This Article calls for a departure from the ‘positivist–professional’ definition of Elder Law. It offers a new definition that demands answers regarding the justifications for this legal area and the normative base that should guide its content. The paper draws on findings from a qualitative study with grown children who have an elderly parent in need. These findings point toward a) a preliminary theoretical framework that justifies a special area of Elder Law, embracing and transcending that of anti-ageist law, and b) the relevance of Family Law jurisprudence as a normative inspiration for this legal area.

MAKNA SIMBOLIK TORTOR TOPING HUDA-HUDA DALAM UPACARA ADAT SAYURMATUA PADA MASYARAKAT SIMALUNGUN SUMATERA UTARA

AbstrakTortor toping huda-huda adalah pemberian penghormatan kepada orang tua yang telah meninggal, yang merupakan suatu bentuk kesenian tradisi yang secara turun temurun diwarisi oleh masyarakat Simalungun untuk memenuhi kebutuhan upacara adat sayurmatua. Upacara adat sayurmatua adalah ritual upacara kematian, dimana sayurmatua merupakan orang tua yang sudah lanjut usia meninggal dunia, yang mana orang tua tersebut sudah memiliki cucu dari anak laki-laki dan anak perempuannya. Upacara adat sayurmatua terdapat 2 pembagian acara yaitu mandingguri dan manggiligi. Tortor toping huda-huda ditampilkan dalam acara mandingguri. Dalam pelaksanaan upacara adat sayurmatua terdapat beberapa acara kemudian terdapat musik dan tari di dalamnya yaitu gonrang sipitu-pitu, , tortor manggiligi, dan tortor toping huda-huda. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengungkap makna yang terkandung pada tortor toping huda-huda dan pelaksanaan tortor toping huda-huda dalam upacara adat sayurmatua di Simalungun Sumatera Utara. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif, pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi dan mengamati upacara adat sayurmatua, khususnya pertunjukan tortor toping huda-huda yang terkait dengan upacara, kemudian didukung oleh dokumentasi audio dan visual serta wawancara dengan sejumlah tokoh adat dan masyarakat. Penelitian ini dianalisis dengan teori Semiotika oleh Ferdinand De Sausurre.Kata Kunci: upacara, sayurmatua, tortor toping.AbstractTortor toping huda-huda is giving respect to deceased parents, which is a form of traditional art that has been inherited from the Simalungun community for the needs of the adat vegetable ceremony. The sayurmatua traditional ceremony is a ritual death ceremony, where sayurmatua is an elderly parent who has passed away, in which the parents already have grandchildren from their sons and daughters. There are 2 adat divisions of the sayurmatua ceremony, namely the mandingguri and mujukigi. Tortor toping huda is displayed in the mandingguri program. In the implementation of the sayurmatua traditional ceremony there are several events then there are music and dance in it, namely gonrang sipitu-pitu, tortor manggiligi, and tortor toping huda-huda. The purpose of this study was to reveal the meaning contained in tortor toping huda-huda and the implementation of tortor toping huda-huda at the sayurmatua traditional ceremony in Simalungun, North Sumatra. The method used is a qualitative method, data collection is carried out through observation and observing the vegetablematua traditional ceremony, especially the tortor toping huda-huda performance related to the ceremony, then supported by audio and visual documentation and interviews with a number of traditional leaders and the community. This study was analyzed by Semiotic theory by Ferdinand De Sausurre. Keywords: ceremony, sayurmatua, tortor toping.