Information dualism of the problem of optimum terminal control of dynamic object

The article deals with the problem of synthesis of terminal control. A functional, a nonlinear mathematical model of a dynamic object, restrictions on the maximum permissible values of control are given. The control law is synthesized. The following statement is proved: the synthesis of the optimal control is carried out using the entire initial mathematical model of the dynamical object, but to calculate the control at any particular moment of time, it is possible to use a reduced (truncated) model, which simplifies the computational algorithms. Thus, there is an informational dualism of the manage- ment task. The approach is an extension of the principle of information redefinition of Yu.B. Germeier to the area of optimal terminal control.

Optimization of Optical Instruments Under Fluctuations of System Parameters

Optimization plays a fundamental role in understanding stability characteristics of optical systems, for example, lenses, mirrors, and their constrained counterparts. For a dynamical object, the authors address the issue of stability of an image formed under fluctuations of optimization variables. As per this analysis, for a given single lens, mirror, or optical instrument, the positivity of pure correlation components of the fluctuation matrix characterizes the local stability about a chosen fixed point, whilst the positivity of the determinant of the fluctuation matrix offers global stability of the image under variations of the object distance and lateral magnification. In this paper, they demonstrate that there exists a clear cut distinction between the positive and negative lenses and mirrors about the line of unit lateral magnification. Moreover, they propose the extension of the above model to a class of constraint optical system optimization. They also propose an extended formulation for an optimized designing of nonlinearly constrained optical systems with finitely many components.

On the immediate and dynamical interpretants and objects of signs

In his semiotic system Peirce distinguished between two interpretants and two objects of a sign: an immediate and a dynamical interpretant, and an immediate and a dynamical object. It is argued that Peirce’s immediate object can be interpreted a qua-object which has the dynamical object as its basis, and the dynamical interpretant consists of an interpreter’s conception of the object of the sign. Peirce semiotic system is compared with the accounts given by Frege, Husserl, Meinong, and the Stoics.

Parallel mathematical models of dynamic objects

The paper deals with the developing of the methodological backgrounds for the modeling and simulation of complex dynamical objects. Such backgrounds allow us to perform coordinate transformation and formulate the algorithm of its usage for transforming the serial mathematical model into parallel ones. This algorithm is based on partial fraction decomposition of the transfer function of a dynamic object. Usage of proposed algorithms is one of the ways to decrease calculation time and improve PC usage while a simulation is being performed. We prove our approach by considering the example of modeling and simulating of fourth order dynamical object with various eigenvalues. This example shows that developed parallel model is stable, well-convergent, and high-accuracy model. There is no defined any calculation errors between well-known serial model and proposed parallel one. Nevertheless, the proposed approach’s usage allows us to reduce calculation time by more than 20% by using several CPU’s cores while calculations are being performed.

The Semiotic and Hermeneutic Aspects of Translation

Translation Studies needs a foundation beyond linguistics. Semiotics and hermeneutics provide insights into the mental processes of translation. This article analyses the possibilities of a bridge between hermeneutics and semiotics in the writings of Peirce and Schleiermacher. For both offer meta-cognitive insights into how the mind deals with difference. Schleiermacher’s lastly claims that language is the reason why a final certainty of knowledge is not possible. Peirce’s view of the sign function at first betrays a hermeneutic deficit, which he appears to overcome by pointing to the “dynamical object” of the sign, providing space for further interpretants. His ontological categories, especially the predicates of thirdness, point to a hermeneutic level of semiosis. However, a basic difference between Peirce’s semiotic theory and Schleiermacher’s hermeneutics remains. Peirce attempts to construct an objective model of signification, while hermeneutics focuses on the interpreting activity towards a given text-sign.

A Model of Spacetime Dynamics with Embedded Quantum Objects

General relativity theory (GRT) tells us that (a) space and time should be viewed as an entity (called spacetime), (b) the spacetime of a world that contains gravitational objects should be viewed as curved, and (c) spacetime is a dynamical object with a dynamically changing extent and curvature. Attempts to achieve compatibility of GRT with quantum theory (QT) have typically resulted in proposing elementary units of spacetime as building blocks for the emergence of larger spacetime objects. In the present paper, a model of curved discrete spacetime is presented in which the basic space elements are derived from Causal Dynamical Triangulation. Spacetime can be viewed as the container for physical objects, and in GRT, the energy distribution of the contained physical objects determines the dynamics of spacetime. In the proposed model of curved discrete spacetime, the primary objects contained in spacetime are “quantum objects”. Other larger objects are collections of quantum objects. This approach results in an accordance of GRT and quantum (field) theory, while coincidently the areas in which their laws are in force are separated. In the second part of the paper, a rough mapping of quantum field theory to the proposed model of spacetime dynamics is described.

On critical point for two-dimensional holomorphic systems

Let $f:M\rightarrow M$ be a biholomorphism on a two-dimensional complex manifold, and let $X\subseteq M$ be a compact $f$-invariant set such that $f|_{X}$ is asymptotically dissipative and without periodic sinks. We introduce a solely dynamical obstruction to dominated splitting, namely critical point. Critical point is a dynamical object and captures many of the dynamical properties of a one-dimensional critical point.

Peircean Index in the Naming Process: Nouns, Pronouns and Proper Names

This analysis identifies semiotic differences between pronouns, proper names and count and mass nouns. It showcases the work of Peirce’s Index in the process of individuation, capitalizing upon the ontological and epistemological effects of employing pronouns (particularly demonstratives) as individuals, as opposed to their use as singulars. Peirce’s individual versus singular distinction highlights the contrast between unique separateness, on the one hand, and similarity among entities (i.e., object classification) on the other. The argument is likewise made that while pronouns are often used as individuals, nouns and most proper names have a singular function. Rationale supports the fact that this difference results from the prominence of Peirce’s Dynamical Object in the work of embodied schemas which underlie and permeate new experiences. Dynamical Objects of demonstrative pronouns ground the triad, while Interpretants ground triads for nouns and proper names.