Nonsubmodular Constrained Profit Maximization in Attribute Networks

The number of social individuals who interact with their friends through social networks is increasing, leading to an undeniable fact that word-of-mouth marketing has become one of the useful ways to promote sale of products. The Constrained Profit Maximization in Attribute network (CPMA) problem, as an extension of the classical influence maximization problem, is the main focus of this paper. We propose the profit maximization in attribute network problem under a cardinality constraint which is closer to the actual situation. The profit spread metric of CPMA calculates the total benefit and cost generated by all the active nodes. Different from the classical Influence Maximization problem, the influence strength should be recalculated according to the emotional tendency and classification label of nodes in attribute networks. The profit spread metric is no longer monotone and submodular in general. Given that the profit spread metric can be expressed as the difference between two submodular functions and admits a DS decomposition, a three-phase algorithm named as Marginal increment and Community-based Prune and Search(MCPS) Algorithm frame is proposed which is based on Louvain algorithm and logistic function. Due to the method of marginal increment, MPCS algorithm can compute profit spread more directly and accurately. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of MCPS algorithm.

ИСПОВЕДЬ В.С. ПЕЧЕРИНА: РЕЦЕПЦИЯ АНТИЧНОЙ ТРАДИЦИИ В ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОМ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕ XIX ВЕКА

The article presents the reflection of the antique tradition in the memoirs of the Russian emigrant of the nineteenth century V.S. Pecherin. Written in epistolary form these memoirs are confessional in their character and one can traced a strong classical influence, formed by his education. Particular attention is given to Berlin as educational space, where V.S. Pecherin studied at the university and regularly visited the Altes Museum. There is a close relationship between the influence of Ancient Greek art V.S. Pecherin saw in the museum and his cultural and aesthetic views presented in his memoirs. According to the author, V.S. Pecherin presented himself as the second Xenophon wandering around Europe and expelled from his homeland in absentia. The title of the memoir Apologia pro vita mea, probably, has as its prototype both the Socratic tradition and the Christian tradition, especially expressed in the title of the work Apologia pro vita sua by John Henry Newman.

Ejercicios de traición: intertextualidad, culturalismo y traducción en la poesía contemporánea española

Exercises in treason: Intertextuality, culturalismand translation in Spanish contemporary poetryThough the classical influence and the culturalist poetry cannot be reduced solely to the use of transtextual procedures, this practice represents a device that fits perfectly within the poetic uses; it helps to build theaestheticinherent to the postmodernthought; and it is raised as the prin­cipal representative of this poetic style. In this succinct approach, two metapoetic reflections on the inclusion of intertexts are shown as a paradigm, to make clear that the positions of the poets against intertextuality are mixed, but are equally successful in the postmodern ideology in which much of theproduction of contemporary Spanish poetry is included.

The Classical Inheritance

The question of Shakespeare’s relation to the Greek and Roman playwrights has, historically, possessed a kind of amplitude that his relation to other kinds of tradition has not. While recent scholarship challenges the old claim that Shakespeare had no direct access to Greek drama, Seneca’s status as his chief classical influence remains unchallenged. Moreover, Seneca’s plays self-consciously broadcast their embeddedness in tradition in a way that would allow Shakespeare to reverse engineer Greek drama, even without direct access. His use of central Senecan motifs—excessive revenge, the ghost, furor—demonstrates his awareness that they are also figures for literary tradition.

Kosovar Public Diplomacy

We are being witnesses that the XXI century is characterized by the rise and rapid advancement of public diplomacy, particularly in small countries that are under development, or countries that do not have classical influence through diplomacy and military influence, therefore into the category of states in which the development of public diplomacy is needed, we have included the Republic of Kosovo.The Republic of Kosovo as a new state, with without diplomatic experience and that has started from scratch, should necessarily develop the public diplomacy, because it is listed in the category of countries that we have specified above.But how should the Republic of Kosovo develop a public diplomacy?For building the basement of public diplomacy, the main tool that Kosovo should develop is communicationThrough the communication are held discussions, negotiations, becomes the announcement about the steps of development of the state, becomes lobbying, rises the positive image, and all these lead to the recognition of the new state and to the multilateral and bilateral cooperation agreements.In order to explain the performance and the form of the use of communication in public diplomacy, which the Republic of Kosovo has begun to use and implement in practice, and which already has brought tangible results that need improvement, we think that still has remained very long road with many political, economic, diplomatic and democratic challenges until we achieve a satisfactory level.A deeper analysis of what has been done so far, and what needs to be done in the future is required, therefore the whole problem along with the possible functional solutions is explained more specifically with theories and examples below.

Seeking Meaning Behind Epistolary Clichés: Intercessory Prayer Clauses in Christian Letters

The letter, as the format of twenty-one of the twenty-seven documents in the canonical New Testament, is arguably the literary form which has played the most significant role in the history of Christianity. But scholars have often been troubled by how to treat the conventions framing Christian letters: since little of Christian literature from its earliest time to the medieval period escapes the influence of classical traditions of rhetoric, can constant epistolary formulas be taken as expressions of genuine sentiment? In fact, it is precisely because the lines between classical influence and Christian innovation are so difficult to make out that E. R. Curtius was able to argue that the humility formula of medieval charters, for so long assumed to have originated in Paul, was in fact a pagan Hellenistic prototype like scores of other rhetorical conventions. His study of the formula serves, Curtius writes, to ‘furnish a warning against making the Middle Ages more Christian or more pious than it was’, and to demonstrate that ‘a constant literary formula must not be regarded as the expression of spontaneous sentiment’. So the entrenchment of rhetoric in letter-writing is often set in opposition to genuine Christian feeling, commonplace utterance against living expression, empty verbiage against religious sincerity.