An Approach For The Reconstruction of a Traditional Masonry-Wooden Building Located In An Archeological Area. Part I: Methodology

This study, presented in a pair of articles, defines a comprehensive methodological approach to the reconstruction of a traditional masonry-timber mansion building constructed in the 1880s of the Turkish house typology on Istanbul’s historical peninsula area that was intentionally demolished in 1948. A historical process research was carried out in the first stage of the study, after which ground penetration radar measurements and an archeological excavation were carried out to determine any possible remains or ruins of the structure, and the original architectural features of the demolished building were ascertained from the obtained data. The proposed stages in the current paper can be considered a comprehensive approach to the determination of the authentic properties of demolished or destroyed buildings in historical areas, given that the methodology allows for the integration of construction features obtained separately and independently through different activities, such as excavations, georadar measurements and historical surveys. The result is a versatile approach to the complete and realistic reconstruction of historical buildings.

Streets of Medieval Novgorod and GPR Search: Application Experience

Проблема реконструкции уличной сети средневекового Новгорода представляет собой один из ключевых вопросов городской исторической топографии. Традиционная методика опирается на комплексный анализ письменных, картографических и археологических источников, при этом решающим доводом остается физическое выявление уличной трассы в границах шурфа или раскопа. Технология георадарного поиска улиц опирается на характерную особенность уличных настилов: их периодическая замена формировала значительные вертикальные скопления древесины в мощном культурном слое. Применение георадара для поиска средневековых улиц позволило не только установить расположение трасс без вторжения в культурный слой, но и сформулировать комплекс проблем, связанных как с собственно технологией, так и с методикой археологической разведки по результатам предварительного анализа территории. Reconstruction of city street structure is one of the most important questions of medieval Novgorod topography. Traditional way of medieval street discovery is based on complex analysis of written sources, historical maps, and archaeological data. Ground penetration radar (GPR) technology allows to reveal constructions of wooden streets, buried in organic cultural deposits, which may reach several meters thick. GPR using allowed to locate position of several street pavements and raise several questions concerning both GPR usage on thick organic deposits and technology of archaeological exploration of medieval streets.

Ground Penetrating Radar Radargram Filter using Singularity Expansion Method

In this paper, the singularity expansion method (SEM) is used to improve the signal-to-clutter ratio of radargrams obtained with a ground penetration radar (GPR). SEM allows to select the poles of the GPR signals corresponding to unwanted signals, clutter, and also reflections of specific buried objects. A highly reflective metallic material was used to assess the use of SEM as a tool to eliminate unwanted reflections and signals produced by a GPR. Selected clutter poles are eliminated from each frame of the SAR image in order to keep only desired poles for analysis. Finally, the reconstructed radargram obtained applying SEM is compared with the image obtained using a well-known processing technique. Results show that the proposed technique can be used to straightforwardly remove undesired signals measured with GPRs.

Geofísica aplicada a la búsqueda de restos óseos en el Ecuador

Una de las problemáticas sociales en América Latina son los altos índices de delincuencia que involucra desapariciones forzadas, Argentina y Colombia han desarrollado técnicas y métodos geofísicos relacionados a la Geología Forense para la búsqueda de personas desaparecidas, mientras que en Ecuador aún no existen estudios. Contribuir con la búsqueda de personas desaparecidas supuestamente enterradas aplicando el método geofísico georadar GPR (Ground Penetration Radar). Se realizó pruebas experimentales simulando condiciones de entierro en una fosa de un metro de profundidad en suelos no homogéneos, donde se colocó restos de un Canis lupus familiaris de 0.80 metros de largo, levantando radargramas en diferentes periodos de tiempo, el día de la simulación, uno y dos meses después, con una antena de 250 MHz. En tiempo real no se evidencia la zona de relleno ni la hipérbola generada por los restos óseos en los tres periodos de tiempo, en el procesamiento se obtuvo resultadosfavorables a partir de la segunda toma. En tiempo real la respuesta de los restos puede pasar desapercibidas ante la presencia de objetos altamente reflectivos (tubería de acero y roca) y la aplicación de filtros permitió resaltar los restos y la excavación.

GPR for mapping fractures for the extraction of facing granite from a quarry: A case study from Republic of Karelia

The main idea of the article is the problem of choosing the optimal complex of geophysical methods to study the coverage and localization of cavity in the rock massif. The necessity of using ground penetration radar (GPR) work on the facing stone deposits in the process of massif research has been identified and justified. Based on the study, the author proposed the use of two types of antennas with the aim of penetrating to different depths. The presented conclusions prove that using georadar for study of fracturing in a facing stone deposit could be effective.