Waterproofing systems for roof protection in homes

Based on the impact of climate changes, our concern arises in this scenario and the entire building is exposed to different climatic agents such as the rain itself, which can negatively impact the overall performance of the construction. Waterproofing is an essential requirement for buildings for residential, commercial and industrial use. Aspects such as the geometry and the materials with which the structural roof systems (slabs) were obtained play a fundamental role when choosing the most effective waterproofing system to incorporate into the building. Therefore, our main approach is to list the various waterproofing systems most used today for the protection of housing roofs since a knowledge of these systems will trigger a correct procedure, control and care in waterproofing, which results in a conservation of the building.

Te Reo Tātaki o te Ringa: Māori Narratives and Contemporary Technology

<p>This research explores how Māori tradition and narratives along with modern fabrication techniques can be used to make contemporary Māori design. The aim of this thesis is to document my work history and findings; and to add to the continuation of contemporary Māori design discourse. Part of the documentation process was interviewing leading Māori artists and craftspeople. This helped me to develop and reflect upon my tikanga (correct procedure), which in turn allowed me to create a body of physical works that fulfilled the compositional component of this thesis. There are two dominating components to my work: the engagement of narratives which I have a personal interest in and my use of new technologies to generate these works. The narratives used predominantly relate to my Māori cultural heritage and background. These stories have captured my imagination and I have enjoyed expressing them in a way that departs from the customary tribal style and creates a personal contemporary design approach that is distinctly my own.</p>

Te Reo Tātaki o te Ringa: Māori Narratives and Contemporary Technology

<p>This research explores how Māori tradition and narratives along with modern fabrication techniques can be used to make contemporary Māori design. The aim of this thesis is to document my work history and findings; and to add to the continuation of contemporary Māori design discourse. Part of the documentation process was interviewing leading Māori artists and craftspeople. This helped me to develop and reflect upon my tikanga (correct procedure), which in turn allowed me to create a body of physical works that fulfilled the compositional component of this thesis. There are two dominating components to my work: the engagement of narratives which I have a personal interest in and my use of new technologies to generate these works. The narratives used predominantly relate to my Māori cultural heritage and background. These stories have captured my imagination and I have enjoyed expressing them in a way that departs from the customary tribal style and creates a personal contemporary design approach that is distinctly my own.</p>

SECTION 4(1)(b) OF THE DEEDS REGISTRIES ACT 47 OF 1937 AS A REMEDY FOR THE MISTAKEN TRANSFER OF LAND Bester NNO v Schmidt Bou Ontwikkelings CC [2012] ZASCA 125 (21 September 2012)

The deeds office practice was recently (dis)honoured by the Supreme Court of Appeal’s (SCA) decision in Bester NNO v Schmidt Bou Ontwikkelings CC, which was expected to address an “interpretative dearth” with regard to the application of section 4(1)(b) of the Deeds Registries Act 47 of 1937 (DRA). The main issue (for the purpose of this note) in this case related to two questions. The first question before the court was the applicability of the abstract theory of ownership to immovable property and how it impacts on the registration of such ownership in the deeds office. The second question dealt with the correct procedure in terms of the DRA to rectify a mistaken transferarising from an incorrect property description in the title deed. With reference to the second question, the SCA applied section 4(1)(b) as a remedy to rectify the mistaken transfer of the property. This note analyses the decision in Bester v Schmidt Bou with regard to the manner in which the respondent, Schmidt Bou Ontwikkellings CC (Schmidt Bou), applied for an order for rectification of the mistaken transfer of an incorrect property, and the court’s application of the relevant provisions of the DRA. The note will conclude with a discussion of alternative provisions of the DRA which could be applied to remedy the dispute in this case.

Ambivalent Self-Determination

This chapter focuses on the interface between international law and Irish constitutionalism. Part I examines how Ireland achieved constitutional self-determination first on the basis of and then in violation of an international treaty. The remainder of the chapter concentrates on the place of international law within the framework provided by the 1937 Constitution. Part II highlights how constitutional law has, in general, required that international treaties may neither displace the content of the Constitution nor curtail the competences of the legislature or the courts; as such, it seeks to preserve self-determination as substantive constitutional integrity. Part III focuses on the atypical case of the EU, for which the concept of self-determination used is consciously ambivalent about substantive constitutional integrity, tolerating significant compromises as long as they are made using the correct procedure: in other words, self-determination is reconceived as procedural constitutional integrity.

Hak Orang Asal Berkaitan dengan Pengambilalihan Tanah: Kajian Perbandingan antara Malaysia dengan Filipina

The Orang Asli are in a precarious position compared to other majority groups in Peninsular Malaysia as their customary land rights are continuously infringed upon. This is worrying because land is a vital part of the Orang Asli livelihood. Several issues regarding the provisions of native land rights, acquisition of Orang Asli ancestral land not in line with correct procedure, and issues concerning compensation for any acquisition of ancestral land are the main problems faced by the Orang Asli. Hence, the main objective of this research is to examine the legal rights of the Orang Asli to their ancestral land in Peninsular Malaysia, to throw light on the correct procedure of acquisition of such according to legal provisions, and to compare and contrast acquisition of native ancestral land in Peninsular Malaysia to that in the Philippines. Through a doctrinal and comparative approach, this research hopes to enhance knowledge regarding Orang Asli customary rights to land and land acquisition in Peninsular Malaysia, as well as to aid law-makers to reform existing laws and policies in order to ensure protection of Orang Asli rights in the future.

Tryb ratyfikacji decyzji Rady Europejskiej (UE, Euratom) 2020/2053 w sprawie systemu zasobów własnych Unii Europejskiej oraz uchylającej decyzję 2014/335/UE, Euratom (Dz.Urz. UE L 424 z 15 grudnia 2020 r.)

The author, trying to determine the correct procedure for ratification of Council Decision 2020/2053 on the system of own resources of the European Union, considers this issue from the perspective of Polish and European Union law. In his considerations he also refers to historical arguments. The author concludes that the Council Decision should be ratified according to the procedure set out in Article 89 para. 1 of the Polish Constitution.

Tryb ratyfikacji przez Rzeczpospolitą Polską decyzji Rady Europejskiej (UE, Euroatom) 2020/2053 z 14 grudnia 2020 r. w sprawie systemu zasobów własnych

In determining the correct procedure for ratification of Council Decision 2020/2053, the author has analysed the provisions of Polish law and European Union law. In the author’s opinion, on the basis of the Council Decision there is no transfer of powers of state authorities within the meaning of Article 90 of the Constitution. Therefore, in Polish conditions this will mean the requirement of the application of the so-called “large” ratification, referred to in Article 89 para. 1 of the Constitution. Such a solution is supported both by the substantive content of the provisions contained in Council Decision 2020/2053, the previous practice of ratifying Council Decisions on the system of own resources of the EU, as well as the order to apply a “pro-EU” interpretation.

Beef cattle housing and handling techniques in Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria

The objective of the study was to survey beef cattle housing and handling techniques in Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria in order to make room for improvement to ensure their welfare. One hundred (100) beef producers were randomly selected for oral interviews, discussion and physical observations on beef cattle housing and handling techniques. This was achieved by the use of structured questionnaire for the period of 12 months (January to December, 2018). All beef cattle producers (100%) use make shift kraals or fenced yards without roofs, while 90% use local handling equipment for the business in the study area. The use of elaborate housing and conventional equipment is limited in the study area. Though producers know that, well designed and maintained handling facilities are essential for the safe handling of beef cattle and prevention of injury to handlers. Good cattle handling facilities provide high level of control and safe access for the various husbandry tasks. Many accidents involving cattle could be eliminated with better handling facilities. Knowing the correct procedure is important for both the animals and handlers as handlers are susceptible to injuries.