On The Features of Changes In Hearing And Cerebral Hemodynamics In Patients With Nasal Obstruction Curvature

This article presents the characteristics of changes in the hearing and cerebral hemadynamics of patients with deviation of the nasal septum. The deviation of the nasal septum occurs in the cartilaginous and bone regions, both separately and in both at the same time. Deformations can be of a different nature (bend, crest, spike) and localization. They are one and two-sided. Spines and ridges are more often localized at the junction of the quadrangular cartilage and the perpendicular plate, ploughshare, and the crest of the upper jaw (“growth zone”). Less often, the upper sections of the perpendicular plate and the rear section of the ploughshare are deformed. For traumatic deformities, characteristic bends with sharp angles. Often, after injury, the anterior edge of the quadrilateral cartilage is displaced in the form of its subluxation. The deformation of the cartilaginous part of the external nose in the patients under our supervision was due to the deviation of the nasal septum. There were no patients with deformity of the nose, who would have been indicated for surgical intervention on the cartilage of the external nose, in our group.

PECULIARITIES OF THE STATE OF HEARING AND CEREBRAL HEMODYNAMICS IN PATIENTS WITH DEVIATION OF THE NASAL SEPTUM

This article presents the characteristics of changes in the hearingand cerebral hemadynamics of patients with deviationof the nasal septum. The deviationof the nasal septum occurs in the cartilaginous and bone regions, both separately and in both at the same time. Deformations can be of a different nature (bend, crest, spike) and localization. They are one and two-sided. Spines and ridges are more often localized at the junction of the quadrangular cartilage and the perpendicular plate, ploughshare, and the crest of the upper jaw (“growth zone”). Less often, the upper sections of the perpendicular plate and the rear section of the ploughshare are deformed. For traumatic deformities, characteristic bends with sharp angles. Often, after injury, the anterior edge of the quadrilateral cartilage is displaced in the form of its subluxation. The deformation of the cartilaginous part of the external nose in the patients under our supervision was due to the deviationof the nasal septum. There were no patients with deformity of the nose, who would have been indicated for surgical intervention on the cartilage of the external nose, in our group.Keywords:cerebral hemadynamics, deviationof the nasal septum, quadrangular cartilage, septoplasty

A short anogenital distance on MRI is a marker of endometriosis

STUDY QUESTION Could the anogenital distance (AGD) as assessed by MRI (MRI-AGD) be a diagnostic tool for endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER A short MRI-AGD is a strong diagnostic marker of endometriosis. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY A short clinically assessed AGD (C-AGD) is associated with the presence of endometriosis. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This study is a re-analysis of previously published data from a case–control study. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Women undergoing pelvic surgery from January 2018 to June 2019 and who had a preoperative pelvic MRI were included. C-AGD was measured at the beginning of the surgery by a different operator who was unaware of the endometriosis status. MRI-AGD was measured retrospectively by a senior radiologist who was blinded to the final diagnosis. Two measurements were made: from the posterior wall of the clitoris to the anterior edge of the anal canal (MRI-AGD-AC), and from the posterior wall of the vagina to the anterior edge of the anal canal (MRI-AGD-AF). MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE The study compared MRI-AGD of 67 women with endometriosis to 31 without endometriosis (controls). Average MRI-AGD-AF measurements were 13.3 mm (±3.9) and 21.2 mm (±5.4) in the endometriosis and non-endometriosis groups, respectively (P < 10−5). Average MRI-AGD-AC measurements were 40.4 mm (±7.3) and 51.1 mm (±8.6) for the endometriosis and non-endometriosis groups, respectively (P < 10−5). There was no difference of MRI-AGD in women with and without endometrioma (P = 0.21), or digestive involvement (P = 0.26). Moreover, MRI-AGD values were independent of the revised score of the American Society of Reproductive Medicine and the Enzian score. The diagnosis of endometriosis was negatively associated with both the MRI-AGD-AF (β = −7.79, 95% CI (−9.88; −5.71), P < 0.001) and MRI-AGD-AC (β = −9.51 mm, 95% CI (−12.7; 6.24), P < 0.001) in multivariable analysis. Age (β = +0.31 mm, 95% CI (0.09; 0.53), P = 0.006) and BMI (β = +0.44 mm, 95% CI (0.17; 0.72), P = 0.001) were positively associated with the MRI-AGD-AC measurements in multivariable analysis. MRI-AGD-AF had an AUC of 0.869 (95% CI (0.79; 0.95)) and outperformed C-AGD. Using an optimal cut-off of 20 mm for MRI-AGD-AF, a sensitivity of 97.01% and a specificity of 70.97% were noted. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION This was a retrospective analysis and no adolescents had been included. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS This study is consistent with previous works associating a short C-AGD with endometriosis and the absence of correlation with the disease phenotype. MRI-AGD is more accurate than C-AGD in this setting and could be evaluated in the MRI examination of patients with suspected endometriosis. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) N/A. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER The protocol was approved by the ‘Groupe Nantais d’Ethique dans le Domaine de la Santé’ and registered under reference 02651077.

Comparison of Percutaneous Vertebroplasty and Percutaneous Curved Vertebroplasty for Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures: Distribution of Bone Cement and Complication

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and complications of percutaneous curved vertebroplasty in treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.Methods: Patients with single vertebral osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures were selected. The patients were divided into Percutaneous curved vertebroplasty group and Percutaneous vertebroplasty group.Distribution and leakage of bone cement and recovery of the height of the anterior edge of the injured vertebra were observed. VAS and ODI were assessed preoperatively 1 day and 1 year postoperatively. Postoperative follow-up was conducted for 1 year to observe the occurrence of adjacent vertebral fractures. The trial was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University. Results: Compared with the percutaneous vertebroplasty group, distribution of bone cement was more uniform and satisfactory, the leakage rate of bone cement was lower in the percutaneous curved vertebroplasty group. Both the visual analogue scale score and Oswestry disability index of the two groups at 1 day and I year after surgery were significantly improved compared with those before surgery (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in VAS and ODI. The height of the anterior edge of the injured vertebral body of the two groups improved significantly(P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the two groups . There was no significant difference in the incidence of adjacent vertebral fractures between the two groups..Conclusion: The results show that PCVP has beneficial to the uniform distribution of bone cement in the fracture vertebrae and reduce the leakage of bone cement.

On the status of the giant mylodontine sloth Glossotherium wegneri (Spillmann, 1931) (Xenarthra, Folivora)from the late Pleistocene of Ecuador

The late Pleistocene mylodontine sloth Glossotherium wegneri (Spillmann, 1931) (Interandean ­region, Ecuador) has been assigned to Glossotherium Owen, 1839 and Oreomylodon Hoffstetter, 1949 (the latter ranked as a subgenus or genus), and synonymized with G. robustum (Owen, 1842). However, the phylogenetic and comparative analyses conducted here, which include previously undescribed remains, strongly suggest specific distinction for G. wegneri and that there is little, if any, support for generic or subgeneric distinction for Oreomylodon. Among the notable features of this species are the ­presence of an internasal element, marked expansion of the rostrum anteriorly, and dorsoventrally and the palatal region transversely, increased separation of the caniniform tooth from the anterior edge of maxilla, increased relative braincase width, relatively enlarged hypoglossal foramen, and greatly elongated zygomatic process of the squamosal. The resulting single MPT recovered a monophyletic Glossotherium, with the following phylogenetic arrangement of the species of this genus (G. robustum + ((G. wegneri + G. tropicorum Hoffstetter, 1952) + (G. phoenesis Cartelle, De Iuliis, Boscaini & Pujos, 2019 + G. tarijense Ameghino, 1902))).

New cynodonts (Therapsida, Eucynodontia) from the Late Triassic of India and their significances

The Upper Triassic Tiki Formation of India has yielded several new cynodont taxa, which are described on the basis of multiple isolated teeth and a jaw fragment. A new species of dromatheriid, Rewaconodon indicus, is defined by a tri- and tetracuspid asymmetric crown, long anterior edge of the major cusp a, cingular cusps d and f, and marked constriction at the crown-root junction. Another new dromatheriid, Inditherium floris n. gen. n. sp., is characterized by a broad, flower-shaped pentacuspid crown, multiple cingular cusps, and a weak lingual cingulum is also described from the same horizon. In addition, a new mammaliamorph taxon, Tikiodon cromptoni n. gen. n. sp., is established on a tooth specimen, which has a shovel-shaped crown, three closely spaced main cusps, a pronounced lingual cingulum with multiple cingular cusps, and a root of incomplete root bifurcation. Such a tooth morphology occupies an intermediate position between the non-mammalian cynodonts and the early mammals, as is evident from the co-occurrence of various cynodont dental morphotypes in the Tiki Formation. Moreover, Late Triassic cynodonts occurred along narrow belts demarcated by paleolatitudes, though the Indian fauna shows both Laurasian and Gondwanan affinities. UUID: http://zoobank.org/c2c575ad-ee23-4f33-8a30-661c548a5b17

W. von Skowronski. - Ueber das runde Geschwür der Scheide. Beobachtung an einer lebenden Frau. (Centralbl. F. Gynäk., 1895, No. 10). About a round ulcer of the vagina. Observation in a living woman

The author did not find in the literature a description of the case of this so-called round, irritating Clarke ulcer, observed in a living woman. His case concerns 37 years old, giving birth, a woman who fell ill a year ago with pain and pain during urination. The author found her swelling and soreness of the opening of the urethra and the anterior edge of the vaginal opening.

The Trans-Syndesmotic Axis in Relation to the Distal Anterior Medial Tibial Cortex

Category: Ankle Introduction/Purpose: Gardner et al. (2006) reported that over 50% of operative syndesmoses are malreduced. The functional consequence of syndesmotic malreduction at two years was reported in 2012. Miller et al. in 2013, found that the 15° and 30°clamp positions caused fibula external rotation and over compression of the syndesmosis joint. The 0° medial clamp position which was in line with the trans-syndesmotic axis (TSA) did not negatively impact fibular reduction as did the other two posterior clamp positions. The purpose of this study is to identify the medial exit point of the TSA on the tibia. We hypothesized that the TSA on the medial side of the ankle would be a constant distance from the medial anterior tibial cortex. Methods: Fifty consecutive CT scans of uninjured ankles were reviewed from our image archive system. On an axial 2- dimensional reformatted image proximal to the ankle joint that included the entire incisura a line was drawn connecting the anterior and posterior limits of the incisura of the tibia. A second line was then drawn at 90 degrees at the midpoint of the first line and extended medially. Results: The average distance of the medial TSA exit point from the anterior edge of the distal medial tibia was 2.9 mm (Range 0- 9 mm, standard deviation 2.03 mm). The average anterior to posterior length of the medial distal tibia was 23.6 mm (Range 16-30, standard deviation 3.01 mm). Conclusion: Syndesmosis reduction clamp placement may first involve identifying the TSA based upon the anterior edge of the distal medial tibia. This region may be used to locate the TSA for optimal medial clamp placement. This study provides a foundation for future clamp placement investigations.

Comparison of the flank and ventral midline approach for ovariohysterecto-my in bitches

Surgical access for ovariohysterectomy in bitches through the right lateral abdominal wall with an incision in its upper third in the direction from the anterior edge of the macula to the fourth nipple of the corresponding side of the breast is proposed. The article presents the results of studies obtained when used for the purpose of ovariohysterectomy in bitches of operative access through the right lateral and ventral abdominal wall. Research work was conducted on healthy mature bitches. The operations were performed in the area of the right lateral abdominal wall and in the umbilical region. On the lateral abdominal wall, an oblique-vertical incision was used at the border of the inguinal and iliac areas in the direction from the anterior edge of the macula to the fourth nipple of the corresponding side of the breast. The ventral abdominal wall was cut along the white line. It was found that when performing ovariohysterectomy in bitches using the proposed surgical access through the right lateral abdominal wall with a smaller wound size (P < 0.05), the duration of the operation and the healing period correspond to those when using median laparotomy. It is proved that operative access with oblique-vertical incision in the area of the right lateral abdominal wall at the border of the groin and anus during ovariohysterectomy in bitches provides favorable opportunities for surgical reception and closure of the surgical wound. The number of surgical sutures for sutures on the abdominal wall is less than in the case of ventral access (P < 0.01). It is also noted that in ovariohysterectomy in bitches, operative access through the right lateral abdominal wall with an incision in the direction from the anterior edge of the macula to the fourth nipple of the corresponding side of the breast may be recommended as an alternative access through the white line of the abdomen.

Differences between Scheimpflug and optical coherence tomography in determining safety distances in eyes with an iris-fixating phakic intraocular lens

Purpose To investigate the agreement and reliability of anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) and Scheimpflug imaging in measuring the distance from the anterior edge of an iris-fixated phakic intraocular lens (IF-pIOL) to the corneal endothelium. Methods Anterior segment configuration was assessed in a total of 62 eyes of which 25 hyperopic and 37 myopic eyes, all corrected with an IF-pIOL. Measurements were performed by two independent observers using AS-OCT (Visante, Model 1000, Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc.) and Scheimpflug imaging (Pentacam HR, Oculus Optikgerate). The distance from the anterior edge of the pIOL to the endothelium was measured in five different positions using both modalities with their corresponding pIOL software. The measurements as well as the inter- and intra-observer reliability of the two imaging modalities were then compared. Results Distance measurements for all positions performed by AS-OCT were found to be significantly larger than those performed by Scheimpflug imaging, with mean differences ranging from 0.11 to 0.22 mm. Both instruments exhibited good inter- and intra-observer reliability. Conclusion Anterior pIOL edge to endothelium distance measurements by AS-OCT and Scheimpflug imaging have good intra- and inter-observer reliability. However, as AS-OCT provides larger measurements, these two modalities cannot be used interchangeably. Correction of this difference might be essential for proper decision-making during pre-operative screening for pIOL implantation and post-operative safety monitoring.