Гендерная роль и феноменологический статус мужчины (антиномия идентичности и аутентичности)

The article is devoted to antinomy in gender plan of a man and phenomenological aspect of all that relates to embodiment of the Yang in a language. Contrasting the “real man” concept with the phenomenon of real men, cognitive nature of identity law and phenomenological essence of authenticity principle are revealed. Negative (unmanifested) essence and atomicity of a person’s life world and principle of awareness attributed to it are postulated.

Labour and Time

Chaucer’s depictions of work in the Prologue to his Canterbury Tales have been considered from a variety of critical perspectives: as a parade of fourteenth-century London professions; as part of the long and ultimately conventional tradition of estates satire; and even as the deconstruction of the very idea of psychological self-revelation itself. Yet there is a phenomenological aspect to these representations that can be recovered as well: the pilgrims are creatures in time, their ‘selves’ the product not just of heterogeneous employment histories and professionalized jargon but also of changing cultural assumptions about how labouring bodies were defined with respect to naturalized regimes of time. This chapter explores the ways in which Chaucer exploits the intimate connection between work and time, between the labouring past and the perceiving present. His polytemporal depictions of manual, artisan, and religious livelihoods in the General Prologue suggest that his purpose was less to pass judgement on an individual pilgrim’s work than to reveal how his society’s expectations about labour were based on idealizing, aspirational, or outright fictionalized accounts of past labour practices.

The artistic space of Y. Trifonov’s The House on the Embankment [Dom na naberezhnoy]

The article analyzes artistic space as a key level of the poetics of Y. Trifonov’s The House on the Embankment [Dom na naberezhnoy]. The research uses various methods and points out two spatial strata: the level of characters (existential-phenomenological aspect) and that of the author, the demiurge (semiotic and structural-typological methods). In the artistic space of The House on the Embankment, incorporating the personal environments of the book’s characters, topoi and loci assume symbolic meaning. A character’s existence in a particular space and their ability or inability to cross its boundary are pre-determined by the author and perform a characterological function. The article focuses in detail on the protagonist, Glebov. His traversal of spaces is only seemingly related to the crossing of boundaries. He forever remains within the same social space, only shifting between its poles; driven by false social values (success, power, and material wealth), he postpones real life over and over again.

Corpse Impurity in Second Temple Judaism: A Revised Approach in Light of the Order of Meaning of Honor and Shame

This article examines the dual tenet generally upheld by scholars of Second Temple Judaism that a single concept of impurity existed in that period, and that purity and impurity formed a coherent, unified system of meaning. Herein I will contend that we should turn our focus on the phenomenological aspect of a specific source of impurity, and study this in its broader cultural contexts. Centering on corpse impurity as it appears in a selection of narrative, halachic, and archaeological sources, this article treats purity and impurity as an order of meaning inherently interconnected with that of honor and shame – which was equally dominant in the thought and practices of ancient Judeans – and identifies three modes of relationship between these two orders of meaning: 1) impurity as attached to shame, 2) impurity as attached to honor, and 3) corpse impurity as symbolizing the contrast between human and divine honor. Finally, I argue that the different functions and meanings of impurity, honor, and shame in each of these modes of interrelationship may be explained by the two networks of social relations to which all Judeans in Second Temple times belonged – the kinship one and the cultic one – and which, albeit partly overlapping, need to be distinguished for analytical purposes. The approach proposed here enables us to establish a link between God and the system of ancient Judean ritual purity in a way that suits the preeminence of metonymy as a strategy of representing entities that stands at the core of this order of meaning – especially when the dead are concerned – rather than the metaphoric and symbolic explanations which currently prevail.

Phenomenology and social science: Alfred Schütz’s proto-sociology

TThe paper surveys A. Schütz’s proto-sociological theory that carried on Weber’s sociological program by expanding it through Husserl’s constitutive phenomenology. The theory will be explicated through a focus on its phenomenological aspect. Schütz’s phenomenology is based on two elements. Firstly, it uses a phenomenological variant of action theory, namely the idea that argues for the given nature of intersubjective relationships. Secondly, it uses the criticism of Husserl’s tenets on intersubjectivity. Schütz’s theory about the relation of everyday and scientific understanding is influenced by expectations of social science. Therefore his theory transcends the limitations of other phenomenological theories that defy application in the area of social sciences. In addition, his model can has its own place in philosophical phenomenology. The paper, finally, surveys those trends in sociology that have carried on Schütz’s approach and managed to mingle aspects of phenomenology and sociology.

Psychotherapy as a method of humanitarian cognition in the light of the methodology of L.S. Vygotsky

In the article the author attempts to make a methodological interpretation of psychotherapy as a method of humanitarian cognition, which has its special objectives, principles and conceptual constructions, different from the ones of the natural science. One of the features of humanitarian cognition is that it is directed on the subject who comprehends the various aspects of his personal being, but not on the object. Relying on methodologies developed by L.S. Vygotsky, the author formulates the main question of the article: what the method of psychology should be in order to meet two conditions. On the one hand, it should be appropriate for subject (not object) comprehending his personal being. On the other hand, it should allow comprehending the being hidden behind the phenomenon. Productive amplification of consciousness based on the principles of development and sign-symbolic mediation is considered to be a version of such a method. The author pays special attention to the phenomenological aspect of the method and especially to the position of the inner observer. In the course of the analysis, psychotherapy is proved to be a method of productive amplification of consciousness which is a specific tool of cognition in humanitarian science.

Pola Kellèghãn dan Teknik Vokal Kèjhungan Representasi Ekspresi Budaya Madura dan Pengalaman Estetiknya

Kèjhungan adalah gaya nyanyian Madura yang memiliki ciri-ciri kontur melodi dengandidominasi nada-nada tinggi, penuh dengan ketegangan suara (nyaring), ekspresif, dan terpola.Kèjhungan seringkali dianalogikan sebagai sebuah bentuk ekspresi “keluh-kesah” semata. Kelantangansuara, ketinggian nada, dan pengolahan melodi yang penuh melismatis mengesankan nyanyian iniseperti orang yang sedang berteriak, membentak, dan merintih-rintih. Penelitian ini dilakukan untukmengungkap hubungan antara karakteristik kèjhungan dengan dunia pengalaman manusia pemiliknya.Oleh karenanya, aspek yang dikaji tidak hanya melihat aspek materi nyanyian itu sendiri, melainkanmelihat pula perilaku menyanyikannya. Melalui analisis struktural-hermeneutik dan pendekatanetnoestetik, ditemukan bahwa kellèghãn (pola-pola kalimat lagu) menjadi karakteristik pokok daribentuk kèjhungan dan teknik vokalnya yang bertumpu pada capaian ekspresi yang “menggebu-gebu”.Ide dan konsep yang tergali dibalik itu menunjukkan adanya relasi antara kebiasaan menyanyi orangMadura dengan pengalaman sejarah sosial-budayanya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwanyanyian Madura secara fenomenologis memberikan petunjuk yang sangat jelas sebagai representasidari ekspresi budaya dan pengalaman estetik, khususnya pada sub kultur barat Madura. Kellèghãn Pattern and Kèjhungan Vocal Technique, the Representation of Madurese CulturalExpression and Aesthetic Experience. Kèjhungan is a singing style specific to Madurese. It features thepatterned melodic contour dominated by high pitch vocal, expressiveness, and full of vocal intensity. Maduresekèjhungan is often misperceived only as a form of “moaning” due to its piercing sound, high pitch note, andmelismatic melody. Kèjhungan gives an impression of a person shrieking and moaning at the same time. Thestudy of kèjhungan was conducted to reveal the relationship between the singing characteristic and humanexperiences. Therefore, kèjhungan aspects should not only focus on the singing material itself, but it shouldalso include a study on how people sing it. Using the structural-hermeneutic analysis and ethno aestheticapproach, the kellèghãn (patterns of musical phrase) and vocal techniques that rest upon volatile expressionare the basic characteristics of kèjhungan. The idea and concept behind those techniques show a connectionbetween Madurese singing practice and the chronicle of their socio-cultural experience. Finally, this researchshows that in phenomenological aspect it gives a very clear clue on the representation of the Madurese cultureexpression and aesthetic experience, especially the sub-culture of West Madura.

Sparticle Masses in a Supersymmetric Grand Unified Model

In this paper, we investigate the phenomenological aspect relevant to the sparticle masses of a supersymmetric grand unified model, in which the $SU(5)$ is used as the grand unified group with the minimal particle contents and supersymmetry breaking is mediated by the so-called gaugino mediation mechanism. A detailed analysis about the dependence of the squarks and sleptons masses on the free parameter space is given, and shown to be useful for the collider phenomenological study and parameter determination for future experiments.