Forecast of Thunderstorm Cloud Trend Based on Monitoring Data of Thunder Mobile Positioning System

As a natural phenomenon, thunder and lightning have a major impact on human production and life. As an important part of lightning protection technology, the main task of the lightning mobile positioning system is to detect and determine the location of lightning and, at the same time, provide more accurate lightning discharge parameters for lightning research. It is a new technology that serves the entire society and is in urgent need of development. This paper aims to study the trend prediction of thunderstorm cloud based on the monitoring data of the thunder and lightning mobile positioning system. In this thesis, the inverse distance-weighted interpolation method can be used to determine the lightning area and the principle of lightning monitoring and positioning, and the classification of lightning and the practical significance of lightning mobile positioning system monitoring are also studied. Finally, the Hurst index of this paper can reveal the trend elements in the time series well through the experiment, so as to judge the lightning strikes. At the same time, it also introduces everyone’s satisfaction survey on the lightning mobile positioning system. The results of this paper show that the lightning mobile positioning system has been widely used in our country’s meteorological monitoring stations, and it plays a very important role in our national defense lightning strikes and effectively realizes the lightning strike prediction in the monitoring process, which can better enable the competent department to take timely and accurate measures to prevent lightning strikes. Experimental analysis shows that the accuracy of the lightning mobile positioning system has reached 92%, and the practicability has reached 88%.

A Moving Path Tracking Method of the Thunderstorm Cloud Based on the Three-Dimensional Atmospheric Electric Field Apparatus

In order to obtain the position of thunderstorm cloud in real time and make it possible to track the thunderstorm cloud motion, a method is proposed for tracking the moving path of thunderstorm cloud, with the aid of the three-dimensional atmospheric electric field apparatus (AEFA). According to the method of images, we establish a spatial model for tracking the moving path. Based on the model, we define the dynamic parameters of thunderstorm cloud position. Subsequently, to realize the moving path tracking of thunderstorm cloud, its coordinates are associated with the time points. Besides, we use the relationship between electric field component measurement error, horizontal angle, elevation angle, and the tracking accuracy to analyze the tracking performance. Finally, a fusion system combining an electric field measurement unit, electric field calibration unit, and permittivity measurement unit is designed to meet the actual needs. The results show that the method can accurately track the thunderstorm cloud moving path and has a better effect. In addition, the method can also be combined with a radar map, thus better predicting the development of the thunderstorm cloud.

Inversion of a Thunderstorm Cloud Charging Model Based on a 3D Atmospheric Electric Field

The measurement of the atmospheric electric field is of great significance for the study of thunderstorm cloud charge models. Traditional electric field meters can only measure the vertical component of the atmospheric electric field, and thus it is difficult to invert the structure of the thunderstorm cloud. A three-dimensional atmospheric electric field meter was developed to simultaneously measure the horizontal and vertical components of the atmospheric electric field in this paper. The effective measurement linearly relates the measured electric field to the induced voltage, and the nonlinear equations of the three-dimensional atmospheric electric field and the thunderstorm cloud-charging model parameters were derived. The particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) and the three-dimensional atmospheric electric field were used to invert the thunderstorm clouds. Experimental observations of the three-dimensional electric field in a cloud during a thunderstorm were analyzed. Combined with the typical charged structure model, parameters such as the charge and relative distance of the thunderstorm cloud were determined. The results showed that the value of the inversion fitness function reached 0.7288, and the charge structure was even. The measurement of the three-dimensional atmospheric electric field provides a new means of observation for the study of atmospheric electricity.

Физическое моделирование процессов формирования повторных ударов отрицательной молнии с использованием искусственных грозовых ячеек

Results of physical modeling of how arrays of large model hydrometeors exert an influence on processes forming subsequent negative lightning strikes are presented. The modeling involved a system of artificial thunderstorm cells. It has been shown for the first time that the introduction of an array of large model hydrometeors to the space between negatively charged cells significantly increases the probability of the formation of a subsequent discharge, total length of the discharge system, and magnitude of the neutralized charge. The influence of hydrometeors on parameters of current pulses of the first and subsequent discharges has been established. The results obtained can be used in developing methods of artificial stimulation of multistrike lightning and directed discharging of a thunderstorm cloud.

Protection against lightning at a geomagnetic observatory

The Sinji Vrh Geomagnetic Observatory was built on the brow of Gora, the mountain above Ajdovščina, which is a part of Trnovo plateau, and all over Europe one can hardly find an area which is more often struck by lightning than this southwestern part of Slovenia. When the humid air masses of a storm front hit the edge of Gora, they rise up more than 1000 m in a very short time, and this causes an additional electrical charge of stormy clouds. The reliability of operations performed in every section of the observatory could be increased by understanding the formation of lightning in a thunderstorm cloud and the application of already-proven methods of protection against a stroke of lightning and against its secondary effects. To reach this goal the following groups of experts have to cooperate: experts in the field of protection against lightning, constructors and manufacturers of equipment and observatory managers.

Protection against lightning on the geomagnetic observatory

The Sinji Vrh Geomagnetic Observatory was built on the brow of the mountain Gora, above Ajdovščina, and all over Europe one may hardly find an area which is more often struck by lightning than this south-western part of Slovenia. When the humid air masses of a storm front hit the edge of Gora, they rise up more than 1000 m in a very short time, and this causes the additional electrical charge of stormy clouds. The reliability of operations performed in the every building of observatory could be increased by understanding the formation of lightning in the thunderstorm cloud, the application of already proven methods of protection against a strike of lightning and against its secondary effects. To reach this goal the following groups of experts have to co-operate: the experts in the field of protection against lightening phenomenon, the constructors and manufacturers of equipment and the observatory managers.