Effects of other comprehensive income on audit fees and audit report lag in Egyptian firms: does board gender diversity matter?

PurposeThis paper aims to (1) investigate the effect of other comprehensive income (OCI) on audit fees (AF) and audit report lag (ARL) and (2) test the moderating effect of board gender diversity (BGD) on such relationships.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses data extracted from the financial reports for a sample of Egyptian firms from 2013 to 2019, where the data are processed using the Panel Corrected Standards Errors (PCSE) and the Structure Equation Model (SEM).FindingsThe results reveal that (1) the OCI existence and OCI volume have a significant positive effect on AF and ARL, and (2) the presence of female directors on the board and the percentage of female representation affect the relationship between OCI and AF positively, but this effect on the relationship between OCI and ARL is insignificant.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper has some limitations, where the analysis uses a small sample of Egyptian listed firms, as well as, the measures that were used as proxies of the study variables, which do not necessarily express the most suitable ones.Practical implicationsThe results of this paper would (1) provide signals to the audit market, the professional bodies in Egypt and stakeholders about the determinants of AF and ARL, (2) provide guidelines that support the capital market authority to consider gender diversity in boards of companies taking into considerations its impact on AF and ARL, and (3) help the accounting setters in emerging economies as Egypt in drafting more suitable standards and guidelines regarding OCI.Originality/valueThis paper adds to the literature on OCI, where it investigates the effect of OCI on ARL, which was not yet studied in prior studies. Also, this paper complements and extends the literature by providing empirical evidence from one of the emerging markets as Egypt about the effect of BGD on the relationships between OCI, AF and ARL, as these relationships have not been examined before.

Penyajian Laporan Keuangan Entitas Berorientasi Non Laba Berdasarkan ISAK 35 Pada Gereja HKBP Km 55

This journal discusses the presentation of financial statements on non-profit entities. Initially, non-profit entities presented financial statements based on PSAK 45 which was later changed to ISAK 35. One of the non-profit entities included in the church, the most important aspect of which was financial accountability. Good accountability is obtained from generally accepted accounting standards.The purpose of this journal is to find out the presentation of financial statements based on the implementation of ISAK 35 which began on January 1, 2020. The object of this paper is the presentation of the financial statements of the HKBP KM 55 Church. The data were collected through a series of interviews and observations. The financial statements that will be produced are statements of financial position, statements of comprehensive income, statements of cash flows and notes to financial statements.Keywords : ISAK 35, Non-Profit Entities,Financial Report

Analisis Penerapan Penyusunan Laporan Keuangan Masjid Baitul Makmur Situbondo Berdasarkan ISAK No.35

ABSTRACT This study aims to analyze the preparation of the financial statements of the Baitul Makmur Situbondo Mosque based on ISAK No. 35. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative research. Data collection techniques were obtained through observation, interviews and documentation. The data obtained are secondary data and primary data. The results of this study indicate that the mosque's financial statements are not in accordance with ISAK No. 35. Then the mosque's financial statements were reconstructed in accordance with ISAK No. 35 by identifying transactions, making general journals, posting to the general ledger, making trial balances before adjustment, adjusting journals, trial balance after adjustment, preparing financial statements, closing journals, and the post-closing trial balance. And the final results of the accounting process are statements of financial position, statements of comprehensive income, reports of changes in net assets, statements of cash flows, and notes to financial statements.

Penyajian Laporan Keuangan Entitas Berorientasi Nonlaba Berdasarkan ISAK 35 Pada Gereja HKBP Km 55

This journal discusses the presentation of financial statements on non-profit entities. Initially, non-profit entities presented financial statements based on PSAK 45 which was later changed to ISAK 35. One of the non-profit entities included in the church, the most important aspect of which was financial accountability. Good accountability is obtained from generally accepted accounting standards. The purpose of this journal is to find out the presentation of financial statements based on the implementation of ISAK 35 which began on January 1, 2020. The object of this paper is the presentation of the financial statements of the HKBP KM 55 Church. The data were collected through a series of interviews and observations. The financial statements that will be produced are statements of financial position, statements of comprehensive income, statements of cash flows and notes to financial statements. Keywords : ISAK 35, Non-Profit Entities, Financial Report ABSTRAK Jurnal ini membahas mengenai penyajian laporan keuangan pad entitas non laba. Pada awal nya entintas non laba menyajikan laporan keuangan berdasarkan PSAK 45 yang kemudian diubah menjadi ISAK 35. Salah satu yang termasuk dalam entitas non laba adalah gereja ,aspek yang paling penting nya adalah pertanggungjawaban keuangan. Pertanggung jawaban yang baik didapat dari standar akuntansi yang berlaku umum. Tujuan dari jurnal ini adalah untuk mengetahui penyajian laporan keuangan berdasarkan penerapan ISAK 35 yang dimulai sejak 1 januari 2020. Objek penulisan ini adalah penyajian laporan keuangan Gereja HKBP KM 55. Data dikumpulkan melalui serangkian wawancara dan observasi. Laporan keuangan yang akan dihasilkan adalah laporan posisi keuangan, laporan penghasilan komprehensif, laporan arus kas dan catatan atas laporan keuangan. Kata Kunci : ISAK 35, Entitas Nonlaba, Laporan Keuangan

Are Level 3 Fair Value Remeasurements Useful? Evidence from FAS 157 Rollforward Disclosures

Exploiting detailed disclosures mandated by Accounting Standard Codification (ASC) 820, we provide evidence for the return relevance of Level 3 fair value remeasurements for a comprehensive sample of U.S. listed banks. We find that Level 3 remeasurements recognized in earnings are more return relevant than those recognized in other comprehensive income (OCI). Our results suggest that Level 3 remeasurements in OCI partially reflect transitory illiquidity discounts that are less relevant when banks have the ability to hold the underlying assets. The regulatory capital treatment of OCI also affects the return relevance of Level 3 remeasurements in OCI. Importantly, we find no differences in the return relevance of realized versus unrealized Level 3 remeasurements in earnings, allaying concerns that investors perceive unrealized Level 3 remeasurements of lesser quality. Overall, our findings support the usefulness of the segregated disclosures of Level 3 fair value remeasurements.

Value Relevance of Earnings Component in the Financial Industry

PSAK No. 1 of 2009 is enforced from 2011 onwards. The presentation of the income statement changes to a comprehensive income statement consisting of operating income, non-operating income, net income, other comprehensive income (OCI). The purpose of this study was to test the value relevance of OCI and other components of earnings that were tested based on the relationship between OCI and stock prices in the financial industry. The population in this study are all companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange which are included in the financial industry in 2016-2019. Based on the determination of the sample using the purposive sampling method, the research sample obtained was 335 firm years. The data is processed using OLS regression. This study indicates that OCI, non-operating income, and comprehensive income have value relevance which is indicated by the negative effect of OCI on stock prices and the positive effect of non-operating income and comprehensive income on stock prices. However, operating income and net income have no effect on stock prices.

PENGARUH OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME, KARAKTERISTIK KOMITE AUDIT DAN KUALITAS AUDIT TERHADAP REAL EARNING MANAGEMENT DENGAN LEVERAGE SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI

<p><em>This study aims to analyze the effect of Other Comprehensive Income, Audit Committee Characteristics and Audit Quality on Real Earning Management with Leverage as Moderating Variable. The data used are secondary data obtained from the financial statements of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This research is a research conducted by testing the hypothesis. A total of 216 samples from 57 companies with an observation period of 4 years, 2016-2019 were selected using the Data Cross Sections method. The analytical method used to test the hypothesis in this study is multiple linear regression analysis.</em><em> </em><em>The results of this study indicate that Other Comprehensive Income Variables, audit committee financial expertise, audit committee tenure, number of audit committee meetings and audit quality do not have a negative effect on real earning management while financial leverage variable has a positive effect on real earnings. management, and the financial leverage variable was not able to weaken the negative influence of the Other Comprehensive Income variable, the variable financial expertise/ financial expertise of the audit committee, the tenure of the audit committee, the number of audit committee meetings and audit quality on real earnings management.</em></p>

Mandatory ESG Reporting and XBRL Taxonomies Combination: ESG Ratings and Income Statement, a Sustainable Value-Added Disclosure

Corporate financial statements address multiple stakeholders’ needs. International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs), among others, allow two different classifications, “by function of expense” and “by nature of expense”, for the statement of profit and loss and other comprehensive income for the period (from now on, also identified in short as “Income Statement”, or “IS”). XBRL standards ensure compliance and consistency in financial statements’ drafting and filing. XBRL taxonomies reflect the Income Statement IFRS disclosure requirement in the {310000} and {320000} codifications, respectively. Given the recent EU enhanced regulations that proposed extend mandatory ESG reporting to SMEs, this study aims to design and recommend an additional Income Statement to embed structured Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) disclosure. A restatement of the IS is organised following an adjusted Value-Added perspective to fit the purpose of sustainability disclosure. The above-mentioned Income Statement should be suitable and adaptable for entities of any size and operating in any industry. This goal can be achieved through customised input weighting. Therefore, this applied research can fill a current financial ESG disclosure gap, ensuring financial statements’ comparability and encouraging additional mandatory disclosures through standardisation. Two more items in the XBRL (IFRS-based) structure are suggested, leading to the introduction of one fully structured statement “{330000}—Statement of comprehensive income, profit or loss, by Added Value, ESG based” and a semi-structured “{814000}—Notes—ESG Ratings and Reporting” to better discuss and disclose the assumptions and results of the ESG Statement.