Cosmological Model with Interconnection between Dark Energy and Matter

It is accepted in the present cosmology model that the scalar field, which is responsible for the inflation stage in the early universe, transforms completely into matter, and the accelerated universe expansion is presently governed by dark energy (DE), whose origin is not connected with the inflationary scalar field. We suppose here that dark matter (DM) has a common origin with a small variable component of dark energy (DEV). We suggest that DE may presently have two components, one of which is the Einstein constant Λ, and another, smaller component DEV (ΛV) comes from the remnants of the scalar field responsible for inflation, which gave birth to the origin of presently existing matter. In this note we consider only the stages of the universe expansion after recombination, z≃1100, when DM was the most abundant component of the matter, therefore we suggest for simplicity that a connection exists between DM and DEV so that the ratio of their densities remains constant over all the stages after recombination, ρDM=αρDEV, with a constant α. One of the problems revealed recently in cosmology is a so-called Hubble tension (HT), which is the difference between values of the present Hubble constant, measured by observation of the universe at redshift z≲1, and by observations of a distant universe with CMB fluctuations originated at z∼1100. In this paper we suggest that this discrepancy may be explained by deviation of the cosmological expansion from a standard Lambda-CDM model of a flat universe, due to the action of an additional variable component DEV. Taking into account the influence of DEV on the universe’s expansion, we find the value of α that could remove the HT problem. In order to maintain the almost constant DEV/DM energy density ratio during the time interval at z<1100, we suggest the existence of a wide mass DM particle distribution.

A Vacuum of Quantum Gravity That is Ether.

The fact that quantum gravity does not admit a co-variant vacuum state has far-reaching consequences for all physics. It points out that space could not be empty, and we return to the notion of an ether . Such a concept requires a preferred reference frame for, e.g., universe expansion and black holes. Here, we intend to discuss vacuum and quantum gravity from three essential viewpoints: universe expansion, black holes existence, and quantum decoherence.

The expansion of the Universe may be an illusion created by Compton scattering of free electrons

The two most precise gauges of the Universe’s expansion rate have recently been in glaring disagreement. The measurement of the Hubble parameter makes the Universe expansion theory more and more confusing, the cosmological redshift may not only be related to distance but also to other factors, and the expansion of the Universe may be just an illusion. The Compton effect of free electrons and low energy photons has been observed in the laboratory. This paper presents a theory: Free electron Compton scattering (FEC) may produce the illusion of the Universe expansion : Photons interact with a large n umber of free electrons on their way to us from a distant source. FEC causes photons to redshift (FEC redshift), and the photon beam expands along the propagation direction, these may produce the illusion of cosmic expansion (FEC cosmic model). FEC redshift is independent of wavelength, and proportional to distance and corresponding electron density, consistent with the Doppler effect of the expansion of the Universe. Flare redshift is a common phenomenon, and it is difficult to use the Doppler effect to explain alone, there is evidence of FEC redshift in flare redshift.

The expansion of the Universe may be an illusion created by Compton scattering of free electrons

The two most precise gauges of the Universe’s expansion rate have recently been in glaring disagreement. The measurement of the Hubble parameter makes the Universe expansion theory more and more confusing, the cosmological redshift may not only be related to distance but also to other factors, and the expansion of the Universe may be just an illusion. The Compton effect of free electrons and low energy photons has been observed in the laboratory. This paper presents a theory: Free electron Compton scattering (FEC) may produce the illusion of the Universe expansion: Photons interact with a large number of free electrons on their way to us from a distant source. FEC causes photons to redshift (FEC redshift), and the photon beam expands along the propagation direction, these may produce the illusion of cosmic expansion (FEC cosmic model). FEC redshift is independent of wavelength, and proportional to distance and corresponding electron density, consistent with the Doppler effect of the expansion of the Universe. Flare redshift is a common phenomenon, and it is difficult to use the Doppler effect to explain alone, there is evidence of FEC redshift in flare redshift.

Free electron Compton scattering produces the illusion of the universe expansion

Because it is consistent with many astronomical phenomena and successfully predicted the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR) and cosmic abundance, the theory of universe expansion has been widely recognized by the scientific community. Hubble's law is the foundation of universe expansion theory, but 100 years of observations have shown that Hubble parameters are not constants, and with the improvement of Hubble parameter measurement accuracy, the problem of inconsistent Hubble parameters obtained by different star types and different methods has become more and more difficult to solve. So the cosmological redshift may not only be related to distance but also to other factors, and the universe may not be really expanding. The Compton effect of free electrons and low energy photons has been observed in the laboratory. Photons interact with a large number of free electrons on their way to us from a distant source (free electron Compton scattering FEC). FEC causes photons (plane electromagnetic waves) to redshift, and the photon beam to expand along the propagation direction, these produce the illusion of cosmic expansion, showing the same astronomical phenomena as the expansion of the universe (FEC model).