On the Construct-Related Validity of Implicit Trait Policies

In response to recent calls to incorporate Implicit Trait Policies (ITPs) into personality research, the current study examined the construct-related validity of ITP measures. ITPs are defined as implicit beliefs about the effectiveness of behaviors that reflect a certain trait. They are assessed by utilizing the methodology of Situational Judgment Tests. We empirically examined ( N = 339) several underlying key assumptions of ITP theory, including trait-specificity, the relation to personality traits, their context-independence, and the relation to general domain knowledge. Overall, our results showed little support for these assumptions. Although we found some confirmation for expected correlations between ITPs and personality traits, most of the observed variance in ITP measures was either method-specific or due to measurement error. We conclude that the herein examined ITP measures lack construct-related validity and discuss implications for ITP theory and assessment.

Assessment of Global Competence of Engineers for a Sustainable World. Evidence from TA VIE Project

This paper outlines a contemporary understanding of global competence for engineers, as understood by European engineering companies, and presents the main findings of the Tools for Enhancing and Assessing the Value of International Experience for Engineers (TA VIE) project, launched in 2018. Situational judgment tests (SJTs), or scenario-based approaches were used to measure eleven global competences. Researchers designed the scenarios and contrasted them designing a dictionary of competences containing: the definition of each competence as well as the five levels for each competence (defined by objective behaviours that could be observed). The measurement of competences is performed through a web platform where all data are collected. Nearly 300 students from different countries fulfilled the questionaries, and the results show that students with mobility, have, in general terms, a higher level of global competence than those without international mobility. Communication and flexibility are the competences with higher impact when students enjoy an international experience.

Dark Triad, Impulsivity And Honesty-Humility And Intended Behavior In A Prisoner’s Dilemma Game: A Simulation Study

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate if the Dark Triad personality traits, Impulsivity and Honesty-Humility can predict individuals’ intended behavior in one-shot Prisoner’s Dilemma Games (PDG). Method: A cross-sectional correlational design was followed, examining multiple linear regression models. A total sample of 197 Greek adults (64% women, M=35.13 years old) completed a one-shot simulated PDGs, the Dirty Dozen scale, the Barratt Impulsivity Scale and the Honesty-Humility subscale from the HEXACO NEO-PI. Results: Significant correlations between Dirty Dozen scores and Impulsivity, and Dirty Dozen scores and Honesty-Humility (p<.01) where identified. Honesty-Humility predicted Dark Triad scores (p<.01). Dark Triad scores predicted the classification of participants in groups, according to their decision in the first PDG simulation (p<.01), while Honesty/Humility and Impulsivity were not significant predictors.Conclusions: Simulated social situations can serve as situational judgment tests in an effort to develop new measures of personality and a better understanding in the underpinning mechanisms between personality traits and intended behavior in ethical dilemmas and moral judgment.

An Empirical Approach to Identifying Subject Matter Experts for the Development of Situational Judgment Tests

The development of a scoring key for the situational judgment test often requires subject matter experts (SMEs) to identify the best responses for a hypothetical situation. And yet, there is no gold standard for identifying the SMEs. This paper describes an empirical and context-free approach: the Cochran–Weiss–Shanteau (CWS) method, which does not rely on external criteria such as tenure or credential. We first describe the theory behind the empirical approach of expertise. We also outline the CWS method and provide an R script for calculating the CWS index. Next, we demonstrate how the CWS index can be used for improving interrater agreement and the efficiency of SME selection. Finally, we examined the nomological network of the CWS index. We found that the CWS index was associated with reflective thinking and intuition avoidance.

CARING ECONOMICS LEARNING TO DEVELOP CARING ATTITUDE AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

Even though economics learning in Senior High Schools has been able to increase students’ economic knowledge, their economic behavior is still far from being appropriate, whereas their concern for others, the environment, and even for themselves is lacking. The aims of this study were to apply caring economics learning (CEL) at senior high schools in Indonesia and to observe the internalization of caring economics attitude among the students through action research. It contained instructional package consisting of lesson plans, student worksheets, instructional materials, instructional media, and learning assessment in the form of situational judgment tests (SJTs). The CEL employed case method that was implemented in three learning activities. The data were obtained through observation, interviews, tests, and documentation. The study has revealed that the CEL was assessed by the observers as good and excellent. The success of caring attitude development on the students was reflected in the number of students showing caring attitudes, which increased from the first learning activity (52%) to the last one (95%). Based on the SJT-1, 55.56% of students achieved high scores and 44.44% had moderate scores. Based on the SJT-2, the number of students with high scores increased significantly (77.78%), while the number of students who had moderate scores decreased considerably (22.22%).