People that score high on psychopathic traits are less likely to yawn contagiously

Considerable variation exists in the contagiousness of yawning, and numerous studies have been conducted to investigate the proximate mechanisms involved in this response. Yet, findings within the psychological literature are mixed, with many studies conducted on relatively small and homogeneous samples. Here, we aimed to replicate and extend upon research suggesting a negative relationship between psychopathic traits and yawn contagion in community samples. In the largest study of contagious yawning to date (N = 458), which included both university students and community members from across 50 nationalities, participants completed an online study in which they self-reported on their yawn contagion to a video stimulus and completed four measures of psychopathy: the primary and secondary psychopathy scales from the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (LSRPS), the psychopathy construct from the Dirty Dozen, and the Psychopathic Personality Traits Scale (PPTS). Results support previous findings in that participants that yawned contagiously tended to score lower on the combined and primary measures of psychopathy. That said, tiredness was the strongest predictor across all models. These findings align with functional accounts of spontaneous and contagious yawning and a generalized impairment in overall patterns of behavioral contagion and biobehavioral synchrony among people high in psychopathic traits.

Test-Retest Reliability and Construct Validity of the Brief Dark Triad Measurements

Despite the widespread use and popularity of the Dirty Dozen (DD) and Short Dark Triad (SD3) as measurements of “dark” personalities, there appears to be a lack of appropriately powered studies on the test-retest reliability (rtt) of the two brief measurements. We report 12-day test-retest of the DD and SD3 at the level of domains and items. Leveraging the data, we calculated the convergent and discriminant correlations of the DD and SD3 scales while controlling for measurement error, and also evaluated the reliability of items’ unique variances. Median rtts were 0.87 and 0.90 (N = 500) for the DD and SD3 scales respectively, substantially higher than their internal consistencies. Convergent correlations were 0.77, 0.63 and 0.64 for Machiavellianism, Narcissism and Psychopathy respectively, whereas discriminant correlations between the Machiavellianism and Psychopathy scales had a median of 0.65. The unique variances of all DD and SD3 items had significant and often very high rtts (medians 0.49 and 0.57, respectively). We emphasize the importance of rtt for scale development and validation and conclude that the DD and SD3 have hierarchical structures with a Dark Dyad (Narcissism and Psychopathy/Machiavellianism) at a higher level and a Dark Myriad (individual items) at a lower level.

Dark Triad, Impulsivity And Honesty-Humility And Intended Behavior In A Prisoner’s Dilemma Game: A Simulation Study

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate if the Dark Triad personality traits, Impulsivity and Honesty-Humility can predict individuals’ intended behavior in one-shot Prisoner’s Dilemma Games (PDG). Method: A cross-sectional correlational design was followed, examining multiple linear regression models. A total sample of 197 Greek adults (64% women, M=35.13 years old) completed a one-shot simulated PDGs, the Dirty Dozen scale, the Barratt Impulsivity Scale and the Honesty-Humility subscale from the HEXACO NEO-PI. Results: Significant correlations between Dirty Dozen scores and Impulsivity, and Dirty Dozen scores and Honesty-Humility (p<.01) where identified. Honesty-Humility predicted Dark Triad scores (p<.01). Dark Triad scores predicted the classification of participants in groups, according to their decision in the first PDG simulation (p<.01), while Honesty/Humility and Impulsivity were not significant predictors.Conclusions: Simulated social situations can serve as situational judgment tests in an effort to develop new measures of personality and a better understanding in the underpinning mechanisms between personality traits and intended behavior in ethical dilemmas and moral judgment.

Dark personality traits and tolerance towards unethical behaviors on entrepreneurship: A comparison between entrepreneurs and non-entrepreneurs

Entrepreneurs create businesses and employment. However, their behaviors might generate negative outcomes. Since external funding for startups is vital and challenging to get, this ecosystem becomes a breeding ground for unethical behaviors. This paper will explore the association between the tolerance to unethical behaviors and the Dark Triad Traits (DT) of personality, as well as the moderator role of being an entrepreneur in this relationship. For that purpose, 84 entrepreneurs and 112 non-entrepreneurs completed a survey comprising the Dirty Dozen Scale to assess the DT and the new Tolerance to Unethical Behaviors in Entrepreneurship (TUBE) scale which was able to distinguish entrepreneurs from non-entrepreneurs. Findings suggest that entrepreneurs show higher levels of Machiavellianism and tolerance to unethical behaviors than non-entrepreneurs.

Dark Triad, Risk Taking and Counterproductive Work Behavior in Different Organizational Contexts

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between Dark Triad of Personality, risk-taking and counterproductive work behaviort. The study involved 200 people aged between 18 and 51 years, M = 27.69, SD = 9.83, of which 35 are males (17.5%) and 165 are females (82.5%). The instruments used were The Dirty Dozen: A Concise Measure of the Dark Triad (Jonason & Webster, 2010), Counterproductive Work Behavior Checklist - CWBC (Spector, Bauer & Fox, 2010) and RISK-TAKING [JPI: Risk Taking [Rkt] (Goldberg et. al, 2006). The results showed that people who work in non-profit organizations (volunteers), those who have a low seniority in work or who hold a leadership position tend to take more risks than others. Low seniority at work also correlates with counterproductive behaviors. In contrast, no significant difference was observed as far as the other two demographic characteristics are concerned. Moreover, the results show that Machiavellianism is responsible for 16% of the variation of counterproductive work behavior, and risk-taking mediates this relatonship. Narcissism and psychopathy are responsible for 10% and 13% respectively of the variation of this behavior, the mediation percentage of risk taking being 19.2% concerning the first one and 22.4% concerning psychopathy. Given these results, the study can be useful in the organizational field, providing employers with more data that they can take into account when recruiting staff. It can also be helpful when it comes to better employee management, as well as a deeper understanding behind counterproductive behaviors, thus leading more easily to diminishing them.

The Dark Triad of Personality’s Relationship with Compliance towards COVID-19 Pandemic Recommendations along with Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms in Polish Citizens

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic forced everyone to comply with rules of a sanitary regime and social distancing on a daily basis. The aim of our research was to assess the differences in the levels of Dark Triad traits between people who obeyed and disobeyed the pandemic restrictions. Additionally, we considered the possible correlation between the Dark Triad and the intensity of symptoms of depression and anxiety. A total of 604 Polish participants, whose average age was 28.95 ± 11.27 years, completed an online survey which measured Dark Triad traits using the Polish version of the Dirty Dozen test. Anxiety and depression were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The results revealed a possible relationship between personality traits and compliance with pandemic restrictions. Individuals with higher levels of psychopathy tended to disobey newly introduced rules. On the other hand, a higher level of subclinical narcissism might have contributed to a better civil compliance. The results showed a significant positive correlation between the intensity of the Dark Triad and the occurrence of depressive symptoms. Furthermore, narcissism was linked to anxiety symptoms. These results can contribute to a better understanding of behavioural patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic within the group of individuals who exhibit the Dark Triad traits. Our conclusions might help to identify individuals who are particularly vulnerable to mental health problems.

Uso problemático del smartphone: el papel de los Cinco Grandes, la Tríada Oscura y la impulsividad

Este estudio examinó las relaciones entre los rasgos de personalidad de los cinco grandes (extraversión, afabilidad, neuroticismo, responsabilidad y apertura a la experiencia), la tríada oscura (maquiavelismo, psicopatía y narcisismo), la impulsividad y el uso problemático del smartphone. Doscientos dos participantes (52.48% hombres), con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y los 58 años, completaron el Ten-Item Personality Inventory, la Smartphone Addiction Scale, el Dirty Dozen y la escala de impulsividad de Plutchik. Los análisis de correlación mostraron que el uso problemático del smartphone estaba significativamente asociado a la extraversión, el neuroticismo, la impulsividad y todos los rasgos de la tríada oscura. Realizando un análisis de regresión jerárquica, controlando la edad y el sexo, se encontró que la extraversión, el neuroticismo, el maquiavelismo, el narcisismo y la impulsividad fueron predictores significativos del uso problemático del smartphone. Este estudio contribuye a la literatura que ha examinado la relación entre los factores de personalidad y el uso problemático del smartphone.Palabras clave: uso problemático; smartphone; cinco grandes; tríada oscura; impulsividad

Anteseden Corrupt Intention: Analisis Peran Dark Triad Personality dan Hierarchy Culture

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi corrupt intention berdasarkan theory of reasoned action (TRA). Artikel ini berhipotesis bahwa hierarchy culture dan dark triad personality memengaruhi corrupt intention. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan corrupt intention scale (2009), the dirty dozen scale (2010), dan organizational culture survey (consistency) (2006). Menggunakan online surveys kami berhasil mendapatkan partisipan sebanyak 93 pegawai dari berbagai lembaga pemerintahan di Indonesia. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis multiple regression. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa (1) hierarchy culture tidak signifikan memengaruhi corrupt intention (β = 0,00; p < 0,05); dan (2) dark triad personality signifikan memengaruhi corrupt intention (β = 0,24; p < 0,01). Temuan lainnya yaitu status kerja sebagai variabel kontrol (β = 1,81; p < 0,05) juga signifikan memengaruhi terjadinya corrupt intention. Faktor tersebut mampu memprediksi varian corrupt intention sebesar 35%, F(4,85) = 16,64, p <0,01. Temuan penelitian ini dapat memberikan bukti bahwa faktor eksternal pegawai seperti budaya di organisasi dalam hal ini hierarchy culture bukan menjadi faktor yang menentukan munculnya corrupt intention, namun yang lebih menentukan adalah faktor internal pegawai yaitu dark triad personality.