Growth-profile configuration for specific deformations of tubular organs: A study of growth-induced thinning and dilation of the human cervix

Growth is a significant factor that results in deformations of tubular organs, and particular deformations associated with growth enable tubular organs to perform certain physiological functions. Configuring growth profiles that achieve particular deformation patterns is critical for analyzing potential pathological conditions and for developing corresponding clinical treatments for tubular organ dysfunctions. However, deformation-targeted growth is rarely studied. In this article, the human cervix during pregnancy is studied as an example to show how cervical thinning and dilation are generated by growth. An advanced hyperelasticity theory called morphoelasticity is employed to model the deformations, and a growth tensor is used to represent growth in three principle directions. The computational results demonstrate that both negative radial growth and positive circumferential growth facilitate thinning and dilation. Modeling such mixed growth represents an advancement beyond commonly used uniform growth inside tissues to study tubular deformations. The results reveal that complex growth may occur inside tissues to achieve certain tubular deformations. Integration of further biochemical and cellular activities that initiate and mediate such complex growth remains to be explored.

The Growth and Survival of Various Forms Androgen Sex - Reversal Oreochromis niloticus Cultured Using Hapas in Concrete Tank

The production of same sex Oreochromics niloticus to enhance better and uniform growth for Tilapia culture has called for technological means using sex-reversal hormones Methyl Testosterone (MT), this study will look into the percentage growth and survival of Oreochromics niloticus fry.

A Model for Multiple Hydraulic Fracture Propagation with Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Coupling Effects

In this study, a coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical model to simulate multiple hydraulic fracture propagation is presented. Fracture propagation with elastic deformation is described by using a displacement discontinuity method. The temperature distribution and induced thermal stress are calculated via a semi-analytical method in an explicit way. An iterative scheme is proposed to solve the coupling between fracture propagation with fluid flow and induced thermal stress. The numerical model is validated against related analytical solutions. Several numerical cases are modeled to investigate the controlling factors for uniform growth of multiple fractures. Results show that using non-uniform fracture spacings and proper increasing the spacing for fractures away from the heel of wellbore promote the uniform growth of multiple fractures by comparison with using uniform fracture spacings. Increasing the perforation diameter for the middle cluster also works. Besides, single-wing fracturing could greatly improve the uniform growth of multiple hydraulic fractures. Finally, it shows that the thermal stress has a significant influence on fracture geometrical size but has limited effect on fracture propagation path. In addition, the thermal effect promotes the uniform growth of multiple fractures.