Localising urbanism

<p>This research began as a personal dissatisfaction with how the notion of indeterminacy very commonly gets used in contemporary landscape architectural design discourse and practice, most strongly associated with but not limited to what gets termed ‘landscape urbanism’. The dominant use of this notion is associated with design preoccupations such as change over time, bodily movement, the inability to predict, allowing for change and ecological growth or succession - and uses of representation related to these ideas. Peter Connolly has termed this conception the ‘abstract’ notion of indeterminacy. This notion was inspired by the writings of Deleuze and Guattari, however Connolly’s examination of the literature, and my field studies and design investigations point to an alternative version, a ‘concrete’ notion of indeterminacy¹ as being more relevant to designers. The abstract version will only ever be indirectly relevant to the human involvement in landscape. The ‘concrete’ is affectual and intensive and is directly relevant to human spatiality and life. Instead of change in space or over time, the concrete version is, in contrast, about the liveliness and shiftiness of affect (the shiftiness of affects / affordances, / propensities / capabilities…)—the shiftiness of powers. This research attempts to move beyond the attractive ambiguity and confusion associated with the abstract version and engage with the concrete ‘indeterminacy-of-affect’ by focusing on a very restricted realm of small urban spaces, which might be considered incidental spaces, in Wellington city. Through this intentionally limited attempt to directly engage with concrete indeterminacy there emerged, a way to engage with a type of localness associated with these spaces. This process has involved the development of aesthetic and representational techniques and it is suggested that this work is not just relevant to the question of indeterminacy and the local, but is very relevant to the newly emergent interest by landscape architects in design aesthetics².</p>

Localising urbanism

<p>This research began as a personal dissatisfaction with how the notion of indeterminacy very commonly gets used in contemporary landscape architectural design discourse and practice, most strongly associated with but not limited to what gets termed ‘landscape urbanism’. The dominant use of this notion is associated with design preoccupations such as change over time, bodily movement, the inability to predict, allowing for change and ecological growth or succession - and uses of representation related to these ideas. Peter Connolly has termed this conception the ‘abstract’ notion of indeterminacy. This notion was inspired by the writings of Deleuze and Guattari, however Connolly’s examination of the literature, and my field studies and design investigations point to an alternative version, a ‘concrete’ notion of indeterminacy¹ as being more relevant to designers. The abstract version will only ever be indirectly relevant to the human involvement in landscape. The ‘concrete’ is affectual and intensive and is directly relevant to human spatiality and life. Instead of change in space or over time, the concrete version is, in contrast, about the liveliness and shiftiness of affect (the shiftiness of affects / affordances, / propensities / capabilities…)—the shiftiness of powers. This research attempts to move beyond the attractive ambiguity and confusion associated with the abstract version and engage with the concrete ‘indeterminacy-of-affect’ by focusing on a very restricted realm of small urban spaces, which might be considered incidental spaces, in Wellington city. Through this intentionally limited attempt to directly engage with concrete indeterminacy there emerged, a way to engage with a type of localness associated with these spaces. This process has involved the development of aesthetic and representational techniques and it is suggested that this work is not just relevant to the question of indeterminacy and the local, but is very relevant to the newly emergent interest by landscape architects in design aesthetics².</p>

A Shore Thing - Flipping the Coast

<p>A Shore Thing explores an alternative approach to the way future development can occur within New Zealand’s coastal hinterland regions. As global cities continue to expand in size and population, the desire and necessity to move ‘away’ is becoming increasingly prevalent. Wellington is a city that is densifying, yet due to its natural topography, it cannot expand. Townships within the Greater Wellington region are already growing and developing with a lack of developmental strategies to deal with more ermanent residents. As part of this growth, Transmission Gully motorway is a major infrastructural development occurring within the region to improve the connection between the Kapiti Coast and Wellington. Questions are raised…How will this infrastructure affect the townships? Can they withstand an influx of residents? What will happen to the natural process within this landscape? The main intention of this thesis is to develop a scheme for how people could settle within hinterland regions, specifically Paekakariki on the Kapiti Coast. The implementation of Transmission Gully stimulates Kapiti’s potential as a satellite region to Wellington city. This thesis will explore how infrastructure and landscape urbanism can be employed within a rural landscape to achieve a considered strategy that mitigates future pressures on a growing region. The role of landscape architecture plays an important role when exploring and understanding the varying scales within the scheme to ensure a legible framework is generated that integrates ecology, infrastructure, housing and public life.</p>

A Shore Thing - Flipping the Coast

<p>A Shore Thing explores an alternative approach to the way future development can occur within New Zealand’s coastal hinterland regions. As global cities continue to expand in size and population, the desire and necessity to move ‘away’ is becoming increasingly prevalent. Wellington is a city that is densifying, yet due to its natural topography, it cannot expand. Townships within the Greater Wellington region are already growing and developing with a lack of developmental strategies to deal with more ermanent residents. As part of this growth, Transmission Gully motorway is a major infrastructural development occurring within the region to improve the connection between the Kapiti Coast and Wellington. Questions are raised…How will this infrastructure affect the townships? Can they withstand an influx of residents? What will happen to the natural process within this landscape? The main intention of this thesis is to develop a scheme for how people could settle within hinterland regions, specifically Paekakariki on the Kapiti Coast. The implementation of Transmission Gully stimulates Kapiti’s potential as a satellite region to Wellington city. This thesis will explore how infrastructure and landscape urbanism can be employed within a rural landscape to achieve a considered strategy that mitigates future pressures on a growing region. The role of landscape architecture plays an important role when exploring and understanding the varying scales within the scheme to ensure a legible framework is generated that integrates ecology, infrastructure, housing and public life.</p>

Regional Resource Urbanism, Envisioning an Adaptive Transition for the Urbanising Periphery of Kathmandu

Despite a strong tradition of harmony between the landscape and its settlements, Kathmandu's periphery now stands altered due to the contemporary challenges of modernisation. It has become the contested territory where rapid urbanisation and infrastructure projects conflict with the valley's last remaining resources. i.e., fertile soil, floodplains, water sources, forests and agricultural land. The periphery is essential in preserving the remaining agricultural landscape, which is the mainstay of the numerous traditional communities of Kathmandu. Both the occupants and the productive landscape are threatened due to haphazard urbanisation and future mobility projects, resulting in speculative and uncontrolled sprawl. A detailed investigation was conducted on a site 15km south of Kathmandu to address the city's landscape challenges. The chosen investigation frame presented the suitable conditions to study and test strategies posed by the research objectives. The research utilises landscape urbanism and cartography to reveal the landscape's latent capacities, identify the spatial qualities, stakeholders and typologies involved in the production and consumption of resources. The study identifies existing resource flows and their ability to generate future scenarios. Systematic design strategies were applied in resource recovery projects by optimising enterprising capacity building within communities after the earthquake. The research recognises the merit in existing practices, community networks, the ongoing post-earthquake rebuilding efforts in offering an alternative design strategy in which landscape becomes the carrying structure for the sustainable reorganisation of Kathmandu's periphery.

Process of Vision Development with a Resilience Approach for Earthquake-stricken Neighborhoods of Shiroodi and Fooladi after Sarpol-e Zahab Earthquake in 2017

INTRODUCTION: The rapid population growth and fast-paced development of urban texture have given rise to unwise decisions which can be only prevented by strategic management of city neighborhoods based on a vision in accordance with the common values of society. The vision development aims at determining the position a neighborhood strives to reach. In the meantime, disaster-stricken areas have a special position, considering reconstruction as a golden opportunity. The present article aimed to develop a vision for Shiroodi and Fooladi neighborhoods in Sarpol-e Zahab after the 1396 earthquake in Kermanshah province. METHODS: The present applied research was conducted based on a descriptive-analytical design. To this end, situation assessment was firstly performed in both strategic and local domains based on urban systems. For each system, the table of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) was prepared. Moreover, combining different layers, a vulnerability map and an integrated SWOT analysis map were obtained. Finally, based on these maps, field observations, interviews with residents, and expert opinions, a vision statement was presented and the necessary policies were formulated. FINDINGS: Based on the obtained results, the strengths, and opportunities, such as quick access to the main artery and the presence of barren lands, have a resilient state in response to disasters. On the other hand, weaknesses, and threats, such as construction on agricultural lands or the narrow passages, are among the factors that highlight the need to select a vision with a resilient approach to future disasters. CONCLUSION: As evidenced by the research of the study, the first stage of visioning must be based on urban systems, such as land use, movement and access, physical form, and landscape urbanism. In this regard, a vision needs to assess resilience at different physical, environmental, social, and economic levels. Furthermore, this vision should lead to the presentation of some instructions, such as the obtainment of a checkered texture, expansion of green spaces, reduction of enclosures, as well as safety in infrastructure and networks, to increase the resilience of the target neighborhood after the earthquake.

ARSITEKTUR PANGGUNG DAN PERMAKULTUR DEKAT KAMPUNG MARLINA

In 2050, several areas in Jakarta are predicted to sink, especially in the Northern, that have experienced significant subsidence in the ground level. One of the inhabited areas that need to be considered in the future is Kampung Kota in a coastal area. Most of the Kampung Kota currently have a high building density and minimal green space. Here, the place to face the overflowing water from the sea, Kampung Marlina. Marlina is an extension of the residential area for people working in the Sunda Kelapa and Kota Tua areas (1980). In the past, the residents' houses were the Stilt Houses, residents can preserve fish under the house and it became the habit of the residents there, then it dissapear by time. Stilt Architecture is designed to accommodate the activities of the citizens of Jakarta in facing the phenomenon of the Jakarta Sinking in 2050 with the issue of tidal flooding from the sea. Using permaculture design theory, the site pattern was studied and then placed the waterways to adjust to the drainage in Kampung Marlina. Then using the Urbanism Landscape Method, Program Method and raising the habits of the residents, the building is designed like a stage by presenting the concept of a pond below, so that it serves to anticipate flooding from the sea, as well as a means for residents to cultivate seagrass beds and small fish and shrimp. In areas equipped with permaculture gardens on the edges of these airways. The garden is planted with plants with high water absorption. In the area there is a research building and lodging for researchers or students.Keywords: coastal; kampung kota residents; kampung marlina; permaculture; rob floodAbstrakPada tahun 2050, beberapa daerah di Jakarta diprediksi akan tenggelam, khususnya pada bagian Utara. Hal ini ditandai oleh daerah-daerah yang telah mengalami turunnya permukaan tanah secara signifikan. Salah satu kawasan berhuni yang perlu diperhatikan di masa depan adalah Kampung Kota di daerah pesisir. Sebagian besar Kampung Kota saat ini memiliki kepadatan bangunan yang tinggi serta minim ruang hijau. Di sini, tempat yang pertama kali akan menghadapi luapan air dari arah laut, Kampung Marlina. Kampung Marlina merupakan perluasan daerah bermukim untuk masyarakat yang bekerja di daerah Sunda Kelapa dan Kota Tua (1980). Dahulu rumah-rumah warga merupakan Rumah Panggung, yang di bawah rumah tersebut warga dapat memelihara ikan dan menjadi suatu kebiasaan warga di sana, kemudian ditinggalkan seiring berjalannya waktu. Arsitektur Panggung ini dirancang demi tujuan mewadahi aktivitas warga Jakarta dalam menghadapi fenomena Tenggelamnya Jakarta di tahun 2050 dengan isu luapan air/banjir rob dari arah laut. Menggunakan teori desain permakultur, pola tapak distudi dan kemudian menempatkan jalur-jalur air menyesuaikan dengan drainase pada Kampung Marlina. Kemudian menggunakan metode Landscape Urbanism, metode Program dan mengangkat kebiasaan dahulu warga, bangunan dirancang seperti panggung dengan menghadirkan konsep kolam di bawahnya, sehingga selain berfungsi mengantisipasi banjir rob dari laut, juga sebagai sarana warga membudidayakan padang lamun serta ikan kecil dan udang. Pada kawasan dilengkapi dengan kebun permakultur pada tepi jalur-jalur air tersebut. Kebun tersebut ditanami tanaman dengan penyerapan air yang tinggi. Pada kawasan terdapat bangunan riset serta tempat penginapan untuk para periset ataupun pelajar.