Combustion Characteristics in Growth Chamber for Verneuilgrown Rutile Crystal

Combustion characteristics of three-tube burner in growth chamber for preparation of single crystal by the Verneuil method were investigated, and the effects of nozzle structure and flow rate on the surface temperature of molten cap were analyzed. The results showed that hydrogen flowed out from the nozzle diffused with inner and outer oxygen, and two flame produced in the center and near the wall of growth chamber. The surface temperature of molten cap were gradually reduced from the center outward. The temperature of molten cap decreased gradually with increasing the nozzle aperture of inner oxygen, and varied slightly with the diameter of hydrogen and outer oxygen nozzle. The temperature of molten cap decreased gradually with increasing the flow rate of inner and outer oxygen, while increased with the flow rate of hydrogen.

Crystallized TiO2 Nanosurfaces in Biomedical Applications

Crystallization alters the characteristics of TiO2 nanosurfaces, which consequently influences their bio-performance. In various biomedical applications, the anatase or rutile crystal phase is preferred over amorphous TiO2. The most common crystallization technique is annealing in a conventional furnace. Methods such as hydrothermal or room temperature crystallization, as well as plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) and other plasma-induced crystallization techniques, present more feasible and rapid alternatives for crystal phase initiation or transition between anatase and rutile phases. With oxygen plasma treatment, it is possible to achieve an anatase or rutile crystal phase in a few seconds, depending on the plasma conditions. This review article aims to address different crystallization techniques on nanostructured TiO2 surfaces and the influence of crystal phase on biological response. The emphasis is given to electrochemically anodized nanotube arrays and their interaction with the biological environment. A short overview of the most commonly employed medical devices made of titanium and its alloys is presented and discussed.

Planar waveguides produced by implanting Si and C ions in rutile

Planar waveguides were generated in samples of rutile crystal (TiO2) by bombarding with two typesof ion: silicon and carbon. Rutile is used because of its anisotropic properties, particularly its birefrin-gence. The guide is generated due to damage caused by the ions in the crystal which change its index ofrefraction. Three parameters were used: the implantation ion energy, the implantation uence, and theorientation of the crystallographic planes. The refractive index prole of the irradiated sample was cal-culated and together with the value of the optical barrier the comparison was made between the dierentwaveguides generated.

Radial alignment of c-channel nanorods in 3D porous TiO2 for eliciting enhanced Li storage performance

Motivated by anisotropic Li mobility inside a rutile crystal, the c-channel specialized nanorods are radially assembled to form a 3D dendritic TiO2 sphere, which facilitate Li movement during the charge/discharge process.