Large-pore-size membranes tuned by chemically vapor deposited nanocoatings for rapid and controlled desalination

Chemical vapor modification simultaneously improved the membrane wetting resistance and permeate flux for membrane distillation. The modification enabled desalination using membranes with pore size > 1 μm and demonstrated significant flux enhancement.

X-ray reflectivity of chemically vapor-deposited diamond single crystals in the Laue geometry

The absolute X-ray reflectivity of chemically vapor-deposited (CVD) single-crystal diamond plates was measured in the Laue geometry in the double-crystal non-dispersive setting with an asymmetric Si beam-conditioner crystal. The measurements were supplemented by rocking-curve topography. The measured reflectivity curves are examined in the framework of the Darwin–Hamilton approach using a set of two independent parameters: the characteristic thickness of mosaic blocks and their average angular misorientation. Owing to strong extinction effects, the width of the reflectivity curves does not directly represent the average misorientation of the blocks. Two different sets of parameters were found for the 111 asymmetric reflection in the two different scattering configurations (beam compression and beam expansion). Analysis of the rocking-curve topographs shows that this discrepancy can be attributed to inhomogeneity of the diamond crystal microstructure.