Analysis of Work Posture with Complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorder on Stack Emission Sampling Activities

Objective and Background: The process of sampling the air quality of chimney emissions is a job that has the risk of causing work-related disorders and diseases. This study examines the relationship between the risk of ergonomics in work postures with material safety data sheet complaints on sampling activities. Methods: Analytical observational method with cross sectional approach. using the Nordic Body Map questionnaire and the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) assessment sheet. Primary data and secondary data were analyzed using Rank Spearman statistical test. Results: The level of risk of ergonomics in work postures at each stage of activity varies from low risk (value 2-3), medium (value is 4-7), and high (value 8 -10). Meanwhile, the level of MSDscomplaints was low (score 28-49) 11.1%, moderate complaints (score 50-70) were 44.4% and high complaints (score 71-91) were 44.4%. The results of the analysis test showed that there was a relationship between the level of ergonomics risk of working postures at 6 stages of activity, namely pre sampling, side preparation, climbing stairs, raising equipment, lowering equipment, and descending stairs (p-value < 0.05). Conclusion: Based on the other 4 stages of activity, namely sampling with a probe, sampling with a gas analyzer, measuring water content, and measuring particulate levels, there is no relationship between the level of ergonomics in work posture and complaints of MSDs, to reduce the risk of M.S.D.s complaints, efforts can be made through redesigning work stations that are not ergonomic with the use of tools to reduce workload.

The Measurement Of Exhaust Gas Emissions By Testo 350 Maritime – Exhaust Gas Analyzer

This paper presents the measurement process of the emissions from marine diesel engines. The emission measurement was carried out by the certified TESTO 350 Maritime exhaust gas analyzer on the Juraj Dalmatinac ferry Caterpillar C32 engines. The gas analyzer records the concentrations of nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2). TESTO 350 emission sampling probe was set at the end of the exhaust pipe. A combustion emission measurement was performed during a Split – Supetar (Brač) trip and backwards with the total duration of 110 min. The emissions are estimated for two trip phases: “maneuvering” and “at sea”.

Use of an unmanned aircraft system to quantify NO_<i>x</i> emissions from a natural gas boiler

Aerial emission sampling of four natural gas boiler stack plumes was conducted using an unmanned aerial system (UAS) equipped with a lightweight sensor–sampling system (the “Kolibri”) for measurement of nitrogen oxide (NO), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon dioxide (CO2), and carbon monoxide (CO). Flights (n = 22) ranged from 11 to 24 min in duration at two different sites. The UAS was maneuvered into the plumes with the aid of real-time CO2 telemetry to the ground operators and, at one location, a second UAS equipped with an infrared–visible camera. Concentrations were collected and recorded at 1 Hz. The maximum CO2, CO, NO, and NO2 concentrations in the plume measured were 10 000, 7, 27, and 1.5 ppm, respectively. Comparison of the NOx emissions between the stack continuous emission monitoring systems and the UAS–Kolibri for three boiler sets showed an average of 5.6 % and 3.5 % relative difference for the run-weighted and carbon-weighted average emissions, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence of the accuracy performance of UAS-based emission factors against a source of known strength.

Application of a Small Unmanned Aerial System to Measure Ammonia Emissions from a Pilot Amine-CO2 Capture System

The quantification of atmospheric gases with small unmanned aerial systems (sUAS) is expanding the ability to safely perform environmental monitoring tasks and quickly evaluate the impact of technologies. In this work, a calibrated sUAS is used to quantify the emissions of ammonia (NH3) gas from the exit stack a 0.1 MWth pilot-scale carbon capture system (CCS) employing a 5 M monoethanolamine (MEA) solvent to scrub CO2 from coal combustion flue gas. A comparison of the results using the sUAS against the ion chromatography technique with the EPA CTM-027 method for the standard emission sampling of NH3 shows good agreement. Therefore, the work demonstrates the usefulness of sUAS as an alternative method of emission measurement, supporting its application in lieu of traditional sampling techniques to collect real time emission data.

Use of an Unmanned Aircraft System to Quantify NO_x Emissions from a Natural Gas Boiler

Aerial emission sampling of four natural gas boiler stack plumes was conducted using an unmanned aerial system (UAS) equipped with a light-weight sensor/sampling system (the “Kolibri”) for measurement of nitrogen oxide (NO), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon dioxide (CO2), and carbon monoxide (CO). Flights (n = 22) ranged from 11 to 24 minutes duration at two different sites. The UAS was maneuvered into the plumes with the aid of real-time CO2 telemetry to the ground operators and, at one location, a second UAS equipped with an infrared/visible camera. Concentrations were collected and recorded at 1 Hz. The maximum CO2, CO, NO, and NO2 concentrations in the plume measured were 10,000 ppm, 7 ppm, 27 ppm, and 1.5 ppm, respectively. Comparison of the NOx emissions between the stack continuous emission monitoring systems and the UAS/Kolibri for three boiler sets showed an average of 5.6 % and 3.5 % relative percent difference for the run-weighted and carbon-weighted average emissions, respectively.

Air Gap Penetration

The issue of data security is very paramount for any organization now a day So through this project we will show how an attacker can steal data from the air �gapped channels and also provide some measures in order to protect data from such type of attacks. Now a day attackers can leak data from isolated, air-gapped computers to nearby smart phones via covert magnetic signals. Attacks have been demonstrated on eavesdropping computer displays by utilizing these emissions as a side-channel vector. The accuracy of producing a screen pic depends on the emission sampling rate and bandwidth of the attackers signal hardware. The cost of radio frequency hardware increased with supported frequency range and bandwidth. A number of affordable software defined radio equipment solutions are currently available satisfying a number of radio-focused attacks at a proper price point. This work investigates that the accuracy influencing factors, other than the sample rate and bandwidth, which are noise removal, image blending, and image quality adjustments, that affect the perfection of monitor image reconstruction through electromagnetic side-channel attacks.