Steganographic method based on hidden messages embedding into Bezier curves of SVG images

The description of the steganographic method for embedding the digital watermark into image vector files of the SVG format is given. Vector images in SVG format can include elements based on Bezier curves. The proposed steganographic method is based on the splitting of cubic Bezier curves. Embedding hidden information involves splitting cubic Bezier curves according to the digital watermark given as numerical sequence. Algorithms of direct and reverse steganographic transformation are considered for proving the authenticity and integrity of a digital vector image. The StegoSVG library has been developed to implement forward and reverse steganographic transformations. The developed desktop application that implements the method is briefly described.

Logistic Regression with Wave Preprocessing to Solve Inverse Problem in Industrial Tomography for Technological Process Control

The research presented here concerns the analysis and selection of logistic regression with wave preprocessing to solve the inverse problem in industrial tomography. The presented application includes a specialized device for tomographic measurements and dedicated algorithms for image reconstruction. The subject of the research was a model of a tank filled with tap water and specific inclusions. The research mainly targeted the study of developing and comparing models and methods for data reconstruction and analysis. The application allows choosing the appropriate method of image reconstruction, knowing the specifics of the solution. The novelty of the presented solution is the use of original machine learning algorithms to implement electrical impedance tomography. One of the features of the presented solution was the use of many individually trained subsystems, each of which produces a unique pixel of the final image. The methods were trained on data sets generated by computer simulation and based on actual laboratory measurements. Conductivity values for individual pixels are the result of the reconstruction of vector images within the tested object. By comparing the results of image reconstruction, the most efficient methods were identified.

Manejo de Bacias Hidrográficas e sua influência sobre os Recursos Hídricos: Estudo de Caso na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Benfica, Região Metropolitana de Belém/PA

Bacias hidrográficas são consideradas unidades de estudo para o gerenciamento dos recursos hídricos, bem como para o planejamento adequado de diferentes usos e ocupação do solo, visto a necessidade de acesso à água. A Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Benfica - BHRB, localizada na Região Metropolitana de Belém (RMB), apresenta uma urbanização desordenada, suprimindo áreas verdes e as margens dos cursos d’água, potencializando processos erosivos e assoreamentos dos rios. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a influência de diferentes usos e ocupação do solo, associada à declividade e ao escoamento superficial, sobre os recursos hídricos da BHRB, através de técnicas de geoprocessamento. Imagens e arquivos vetoriais disponibilizados por diferentes Instituições foram obtidos e processados no software ArcGis versão 10.1. Os resultados demonstraram que a área da BHRB é predominantemente urbanizada e plana e, a maioria das direções de fluxo do escoamento superficial convergem para a sua foz (sentido Norte-Noroeste). Os índices físicos apontam que a bacia apresenta tendência a enchentes e suscetibilidade a inundações. Verificou-se também, com a composição uso do solo, declividade e escoamento superficial, que, sobre as áreas urbanizadas, há o predomínio de pontos de concentração do fluxo de escoamento, onde há a ocorrência de inundação. Mediante os resultados, verificou-se necessidade da reconstituição de áreas verdes e da criação e implementação de um Plano de Recursos Hídricos (PRH) para a bacia. Faz-se necessária a implementação de políticas públicas voltadas para o saneamento básico e fiscalização das áreas de preservação ambiental na área da BHRB. Management of Hydrographic Basins and their influence on Water Resources: Case Study in the Hydrographic Basin of the Benfica River, Metropolitan Region of Belém/PA A B S T R A C TRiver basins are study units for the management of water resources, as well as for the proper planning of different land uses and occupations. The Benfica River Basin - BRB, located in the Metropolitan Region of Belém (MRB), Pará, Brazil, has a disorderly urbanization on the banks of the watercourses, suppressing green areas and intensifying erosive processes and siltation of rivers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different land uses and occupations associated with slope and surface runoff on the water resources of BRB through geoprocessing techniques. Vector images and files made available by different institutions were obtained and processed in ArcGis software version 10.1. The results showed that the BRB area is predominantly urbanized and flat, and most surface runoff directions converge to its mouth (North-Northwest direction). The physical indices indicate that the basin is prone to flood and susceptible to inundation. It was also verified with the composition of land use, slope and surface runoff that, over urbanized areas, there is a predominance of points of flow concentration, where flooding occurs. The results pointed to the need for reconstitution of green areas and creation and implementation of a Water Resources Plan (WRP) for the studied basin. It is necessary to implement public policies aimed at basic sanitation and supervision of environmental preservation areas in the BRB area.Keywords: Geoprocessing. Morphometric characteristics. Land use and occupation. Hydrology. Management of Hydrographic Basins and their influence on Water Resources: Case Study in the Hydrographic Basin of the Benfica River, Metropolitan Region of Belém/PA A B S T R A C TRiver basins are study units for the management of water resources, as well as for the proper planning of different land uses and occupations. The Benfica River Basin - BRB, located in the Metropolitan Region of Belém (MRB), Pará, Brazil, has a disorderly urbanization on the banks of the watercourses, suppressing green areas and intensifying erosive processes and siltation of rivers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different land uses and occupations associated with slope and surface runoff on the water resources of BRB through geoprocessing techniques. Vector images and files made available by different institutions were obtained and processed in ArcGis software version 10.1. The results showed that the BRB area is predominantly urbanized and flat, and most surface runoff directions converge to its mouth (North-Northwest direction). The physical indices indicate that the basin is prone to flood and susceptible to inundation. It was also verified with the composition of land use, slope and surface runoff that, over urbanized areas, there is a predominance of points of flow concentration, where flooding occurs. The results pointed to the need for reconstitution of green areas and creation and implementation of a Water Resources Plan (WRP) for the studied basin. It is necessary to implement public policies aimed at basic sanitation and supervision of environmental preservation areas in the BRB area.Keywords: Geoprocessing. Morphometric characteristics. Land use and occupation. Hydrology.

Steganographic methods in vector graphics

Various steganographic techniques are used to hide information. Usually, information is hidden in images, audio and video files, text documents, and the like. The article deals with vector images consisting of various mathematical objects (points, lines, curves of the first and second order, Bezier curves, nodes, tangents, base points, etc.). Information hiding techniques alter these mathematical objects, for example, by encoding the coordinates of the base points. The most successful for carrying out steganographic transformations is the SVG vector graphics format, which, due to its structure, makes it easy to manipulate the objects of which it consists. Its broad support across platforms also allows for increased secrecy when transferring sensitive data by sending seemingly ordinary media files. The article discusses two methods (bitwise and the method of patterns) of hiding information in vector images, studied their features, advantages and disadvantages. Various affine transformations that can be used to disrupt the operation of the steganosystem were also investigated. The most common types of affine transformations are the operations of transfer, rotation, shift and scaling with possible variations (offsets along the abscissa and ordinate axes, proportional and non-proportional scaling, with compression and expansion). Most of the methods for embedding information into vector images provide a one-time resistance to affine transformations, while the repeated imposition of operations for changing the position of objects may destroy the message altogether. The methods investigated in the work (bitwise and the method of patterns) implement a higher level of resistance to various kinds of transformations when they are repeated many times, and the conducted experiments clearly demonstrate this. The results obtained show that vector images can indeed be used to hide information, but the resistance against certain affine attacks is not always high.

Alvis: a tool for contig and read ALignment VISualisation and chimera detection

Background The analysis of long reads or the assessment of assembly or target capture data often necessitates running alignments against reference genomes or gene sets. The aligner outputs are often parsed automatically by scripts, but many kinds of analysis can benefit from the understanding that can follow human inspection of individual alignments. Additionally, diagrams are a useful means of communicating assembly results to others. Results We developed Alvis, a simple command line tool that can generate visualisations for a number of common alignment analysis tasks. Alvis is a fast and portable tool that accepts input in a variety of alignment formats and will output production ready vector images. Additionally, Alvis will highlight potentially chimeric reads or contigs, a common source of misassemblies. Conclusion Alvis diagrams facilitate improved understanding of assembly quality, enable read coverage to be visualised and potential errors to be identified. Additionally, we found that splitting chimeric reads using the output provided by Alvis can improve the contiguity of assemblies, while maintaining correctness.

Research on Sensitive Measuring Points for Vibration Fault of NC Turret Based on Energy Flow and Transfer Path

Some equipment fault measurement points are difficult to determine. Thus, this study proposes a method using energy flow and transfer path to select sensitive measurement points. Firstly, based on the energy flow theory of the shell, the energy flow is taken as the physical quantity to describe the energy transfer of the structure vibration, and the energy-based transfer path analysis method is established. Secondly, the simulation model of the finite element energy flow was established by focusing on the NC turret, and the vector image of the energy flow transfer path of the NC turret shell was created. For the relationship between the vector images of the experimental and simulation energy flows, the validity of the finite element energy flow simulation results is verified. Lastly, three abnormal areas of the NC turret shell are identified by comparing and analyzing the energy flow vector images of the NC turret in the healthy and fault states, taking the poor meshing fault of the grooves as an example. By choosing nine test points in the abnormal areas and calculating the distribution rate of the transfer paths between the test points to the joint surfaces of the fluted disc, the energy flow distribution rate of the different fault positions to the test points is obtained. Calculation results enabled us to identify three measuring points that can accurately distinguish the fault location for a typical fault mode. This research combined energy flow theory and transfer path analysis method to determine the vibration fault sensitive measuring points of NC equipment. The proposed method is practical in the field of fault diagnosis and has broad application prospects.

A Review on LBP in Image Retrieval System for Future Enhancement and Vector Images

Content-Based Image Retrieval is a process to retrieve the similar images from the large set of image database corresponding to the query image. In CBIR low level or pixel level features such as color, texture and shape of the images are extracted and on the basis of similarity matching algorithm the required similar kind of images are retrieved from the image database. To understand the evaluation and evolution of CBIR system various research was studied and various research is going on this way also. In this paper, we have discussed some of the popular pixel level feature extraction techniques for Content-Based Image Retrieval and we also present here about the performance of each technique.